Pensar en Movimiento: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud ISSN Impreso: 1409-0724 ISSN electrónico: 1659-4436

OAI: https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/pem/oai
El golpe de calor en la actividad física y el deporte (versión traducida al español)
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Palabras clave

Factores de riesgo
termometría rectal
tratamiento
inmersión en agua fría
prevención
Fatores de risco
termometria retal
tratamento
imersão em água fria
prevenção

Cómo citar

Hosokawa, Y., Adams, W. M., Stearns, R. L., & Casa, D. J. (2014). El golpe de calor en la actividad física y el deporte (versión traducida al español). Pensar En Movimiento: Revista De Ciencias Del Ejercicio Y La Salud, 12(2), 23–46. https://doi.org/10.15517/pensarmov.v12i2.17858

Resumen

El golpe de calor por esfuerzo (GCE) es una de las causas principales de muerte súbita durante el deporte y la actividad física. Solamente en el fútbol americano han ocurrido 46 muertes documentadas en los EE.UU. entre 1995 y 2010. En el 2003, la asociación responsable por los deportes universitarios de los EE.UU. estableció pautas obligatorias de aclimatización al calor, las cuales tuvieron como resultado una disminución exitosa en el número de muertes por golpe de calor en ese deporte. Sin embargo, a pesar de los avances en la atención médica moderna y una mayor conciencia sobre medidas de seguridad para el calor, la falta de atención adecuada en el sitio para los pacientes continúa contribuyendo GCE, especialmente a nivel juvenil. Está debidamente establecido en las publicaciones científicas que es posible, en gran medida, prevenir las muertes por GCE en los contextos de deportes organizados, si se brinda una educación apropiada y se dispone de personal médico entendido en el reconocimiento y tratamiento del GCE. En este documento se hace una revisión de las mejores prácticas médicas actuales y de la evidencia sobre la epidemiología, fisiopatología, factores de riesgo, reconocimiento, tratamiento, prevención y recomendaciones sobre el regreso a la práctica deportiva para el GCE, específicamente en lo pertinente al contexto del deporte organizado.

https://doi.org/10.15517/pensarmov.v12i2.17858
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