Actualidades en Psicología (AP) is an official publication of the University of Costa Rica sponsored by the Psychological Research Institute (IIP, for its initials in Spanish), an entity belonging to the same university. Its objective is to promote scientific production in all fields of psychological science and associated fields, which is achieved via the publication of original and unpublished articles that present results of empirical research, mixed studies, methodological contributions, narrative states of the art, meta-analyses and literature reviews. This freely accessible journal is aimed primarily at students and professionals in the area of psychology and related sciences. The journal publishes in Spanish, English and Portuguese. The journal has been published continuously since 2018; i.e., article are published one at the time until the complete issue is compiled (issue closings are held in June and December). The journal’s call for papers is likewise open and permanent; thus, authors are welcome to submit their manuscripts throughout the year. The submissions should reflect the guidance provided under “Authors Guidelines.” Submission, revision and processing of manuscripts is free of charge. The journal is interested in original research contributions to the psychological sciences, which must respect and adhere to the highest ethical and scientific rules. Current Trends in Psychology seeks to encourage scientific investigation, to promote the discussion of relevant ideas for psychological sciences, and to disseminate professional and academic information relevant to the discipline. The journal currently ranks high in the UCRIndex. Furthermore, it is indexed in: PsycINFO , la base de datos de la Asociación Americana de Psicología SCIELO , Biblioteca Científica Electrónica en Línea-Brasil REDALYC , red de revistas para América Latina, el Caribe, Portugal y España PEPSIC , Revistas Electrónicas de Psicología – Brasil DIALNET , base de datos de revistas españolas y latinoamericanas DOAJ , Directorio de revistas de acceso abierto; Universidad de Lund, Suecia LATINDEX , Sistema regional de información en línea para revistas científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal REDBIB , Red Iberoamericana de Innovación y Conocimiento Científico CLASE , Citas Latinoamericanas en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades Google Académico ESCI (Índice de citas de fuentes emergentes) SCOPUS
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A Pilot Study of Obesity Management: Contributions of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy to Stress, Anxiety, and Emotional Eating
Objetive. Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy (CBGT) is a group approach that assesses the interconnections between thoughts, emotions, and behaviors in a group setting. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a CBGT protocol focused on emotion regulation, in reducing emotional reactivity and its potential impact on components of emotion-driven eating behaviors. Method. Twenty participants underwent an 8-week intervention, with half receiving psychoeducational intervention and the other half receiving CBGT with a focus on emotional regulation. We used questionnaires to assess anxiety and eating behavior, and we measured psychophysiological changes through cortisol levels and heart rate variability. Results. After six weeks, the CBGT group had lower scores for emotional and uncontrolled eating, along with an increase in parasympathetic modulation and a decrease in cortisol levels. These results suggest that CBGT may hold potential for improving emotional regulation and reducing emotion-based eating behavior; however, further research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.
Copyright (c) 2025 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Personality Emoji Scale: Validity and Reliability Evidences
Objective. To present evidence of validity and reliability of the Emoji Personality Scale, considering that this may be a dynamic and little explored strategy for measuring individual differences. The scale uses different emojis to illustrate characteristics of the Big Five. In addition, this measure’s relationship with sociodemographic variables was also investigated. Method. 234 individuals participated, with a mean age of 20.5 years (SD = 5.60). Results. Model-fit indicators were observed for the five-factor model. Reliability ranged from .61 to .89, with gender differences observed in agreeableness and extraversion. Finally, correlations with another personality measure were observed.
Distributive Justice, Culture and Self-Concept: A Comparison between Spain and Costa Rica
Objective. To analyze distributive justice in terms of cultural individualism-collectivism, as well as independent and interdependent self-perception. Method. The sample consisted of Spaniards and Costa Ricans (N = 859; M = 33.28; SD = 13.12 years; 37.9% were male and 62.1% female). Analysis of variance with post-hoc comparisons was performed to determine how the combination of cultural context and self-perception influences distributive justice operationalized with the ultimatum game. Results. Participants who live in a collectivist cultural context are more accepting of unequal proposals, while those with an independent self-perception reject the most unjust ones, and those who are interdependent and collectivist (vs. independent and individualistic) have less distributive justice.
Independent and interdependent self-concept
Psychometric Study of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI-13)
Objective. The objective of this study was to adapt the NPI-13 for the Brazilian context, gathering psychometrics evidence. Method. A total of 520 participants completed the NPI-13, the Basic Values Questionnaire, the Five-Factor Inventory, and the Dirty Dozen. Results. The three-factor structure of the NPI-13 (Leadership/Authority, Grandiosity/Exhibitionism, Entitlement/Exploitativeness) was supported (TLI > 0.90; RMSEA < 0.08). Correlations were found between the NPI-13 with achievement values and the dark dyad (i.e., psychopathy and Machiavellianism). The Leadership/Authority and Grandiosity/Exhibitionism factors were consistently correlated with extraversion, while Entitlement/Exploitativeness was correlated with neuroticism. In summary, evidence was gathered for the NPI-13 in the Brazilian context, indicating that it is a useful measure for capturing the multidimensionality of the construct in Brazil.
Longitudinal Study of Self-efficacy and Personal Growth Initiative in Argentine Secondary School Students
Objective. This study aimed to: a) analyze the trajectory of self-efficacy in Argentine secondary school students over three consecutive years, and b) examine its association with the personal growth initiative (PGI) at each measurement. Method. This longitudinal study included 313 students at T1, 280 at T2, and 249 at T3. Argentine adaptations of the O'Sullivan Self-Efficacy and PGI-II scales were applied. Repeated Measures ANOVA was used to study the trajectory of self-efficacy, and Pearson's r correlation was used to analyze the associations. Results. Self-efficacy showed a decrease towards the third time point. Positive and significant correlations were observed between all self-efficacy dimensions and PGI.
Effect of a Program Based on Emotional Regulation Skills Over Negative Affectivity and Eating behavior
Objective. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of an emotional regulation skills-based program on stress, anxiety, depression, and eating behavior, and to identify if there is a causal relationship between variables. Methods. An experimental study was carried out with 24 Mexican adults randomly assigned to a cognitive-behavioral intervention. A questionnaire including the DERS-15, DASS-21, AEBQ-E, and Emotional Eating Scale was utilized. Results. Following the intervention, changes were observed in all variables compared to baseline measurements, with several showing moderate effect sizes. There is a causal association between emotional dysregulation and negative affectivity, eating behavior, and emotional eating.
CDE Emotional Dependence Questionnaire: Evidence of Validity and Reliability in Colombian samples
Objective. The purpose of this research was to study the psychometric properties of the Lemos and Londoño Emotional Dependence Questionnaire (2006). Method. A total of 634 participants, aged between 18 and 50 years, completed the instrument. Results. A five-factor structure was found, which was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis: separation anxiety (6 items, ω = 0.892), partner´s affective expression (4 items, ω = 0.854), fear of loneliness (3 items, ω = 0.870), modification of plans (3 items, ω = 0.814), and borderline expression (3 items, ω = 0.853). This structure contrasts with the six factors proposed in the original scale. The adequate psychometric results suggest that this is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring emotional dependence.
Dark personality and aggressiveness: The mediating role of anger and hostility
Objective. This study aimed to verify the relationships between dark personality traits and the dimensions of aggressiveness. 208 individuals from the general population participated, with a mean age of 26.83 years (SD = 8.99). Method. The following measures were used: Dark Triad Dirty Dozen, Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, and sociodemographic questionnaire. The data were explored using SPSS and JASP software. Results. The results showed that the dark personality traits narcissism, Machiavellianism and psychopathy were positively correlated with the four aggressiveness factors. Furthermore, dark personality traits showed direct and indirect effects, mediated by anger and hostility, on physical and verbal aggression. It is concluded that feelings (hostile) and emotion (anger) can contribute to the perpetuation of aggressive behaviors.
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Metacognition, Self-Regulation, and Learning Dossier
Copyright (c) 2026 Mauricio Molina-Delgado, Eugenia Gallardo-Allen (Autor/a) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Factors associated with marijuana use in students from a university in Colombia
Objective. This paper identifies factors associated with marijuana use among students at a public university in Medellín, Colombia. Method. To achieve this, it is proposed an analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 469 university students selected through stratified probabilistic sampling. Validated instruments were used, including the Family APGAR, the Zung Self-Rating Depression and Anxiety Scales, and the CIDI II to assess substance use. Data were collected in person and analyzed using logistic regression to identify associated factors. Results. Lifetime marijuana use was 29.2%, and recent use was 9.4%. The associated factors included being male, being enrolled in intermediate semesters, moderate family dysfunction, and the use of other substances, such as tobacco and alcohol.
Copyright (c) 2026 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Parental Attachment and Disruptive Behavior in Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem
Objective. This study aimed to explore the role of self-esteem as a mediator in the relationship between parental attachment and disruptive behavior. Method. A total of 300 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years were conveniently selected from four secondary schools in Chittagong, Bangladesh to carry out the present study. Three psychological scales were used to collect data in this study. Results. The results of the present study revealed that 42.33% of the adolescents showed moderate levels of disruptive behavior. Adolescents with disruptive behavior had significantly lower levels of attachment than their non-disruptive counterparts. Self-esteem was a mediator of the relationship between maternal attachment and disruptive behavior.
Perceived Stressors, Social and Emotional Competences and Metacognition in Argentine Secondary School Teachers: Qualitative Description and Identification of Profiles
Objective. To identify the stressors perceived as most challenging by secondary school educators (Study 1) and to explore the associations between those stressors and social-emotional competencies and metacognition about teaching (Study 2). Method. Two studies were carried out. The first had a qualitative design, collecting narratives about stressful experiences (n = 75), content analysis was performed. The second study was quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional (n = 88) and surveys were applied on CSE, metacognition and stress. Multiple correspondence analysis was applied. Results. The most frequent stressors involve interactions with members of the educational community (Study 1). Two profiles of stressors were identified, classroom and community. Emotional self-regulation was associated with lower perceived stress, and evaluation as a facet of metacognitive awareness was associated with greater stress (Study 2). The results obtained support the need for interventions differentiated with an integrative theoretical framework.
Copyright (c) 2026 María Florencia Giuliani, Sebastián Urquijo (Autor/a) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Phonological Processing, Reading Speed, Accuracy, and Reading Comprehension in Children with ASD, Epilepsy, and Comorbidity
Objective. This study compared performance in phonological processing, reading speed, reading accuracy, and reading comprehension in 170 children aged 7 to 9 years with diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), epilepsy, or comorbid ASD and epilepsy. Method. The PROLEXIA and PROLEC-R batteries were used as assessment instruments. Data were analyzed using MANOVA to examine differences between groups. Results. The results showed that children with comorbid ASD and epilepsy exhibited lower performance in all assessed areas compared to children with ASD only or epilepsy only, indicating poorer reading-related skills in participants with a comorbid diagnosis of ASD and epilepsy.
Psychological Interventions in Anxiety Treatment in People with Breast Cancer: a Meta-Analysis
Objective. This study aims to estimate the effect size of psychological interventions for anxiety treatment in people diagnosed with breast cancer. Method. A systematic review of online databases (Dialnet, Ebsco, Latindex, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley, SAGE, Scielo, and Google Scholar) was carried out, through which experimental and quasi-experimental articles relevant to the analysis were retrieved. From the selected articles, data were extracted regarding the participants, the treatments used, and pre and post test data from the groups for analysis. Results. Seventeen articles that met the inclusion criteria were used in the analysis. The overall effect size of the interventions was determined (g = -.459). Likewise, bias and continuous moderating variables analyses were performed.
Copyright (c) 2020 Actualidades en Psicología (Current Trends in Psychology) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Effective Personality and Emotional Intelligence as Predictors of Emotion Regulation in Undergraduates
Objective. This study aimed to determine at which measure factors of effective personality (self-esteem, academic self-achievement, social self-achievement and problem-solving self-efficacy), and those of perceived emotional intelligence (emotional attention, clarity and repair) predict dimensions of emotion regulation (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression). Method. Participants were 202 undergraduates from Lima, Peru (female = 79.7%), aged 18-35, who completed the Effective Personality Questionnaire, the Trait Meta-Mood Scale 24 and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Results. The models of regression for each factor of emotion regulation were statistically significant, and their effect sizes were moderate and low for cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, respectively. Emotional repair positively predicted cognitive reappraisal (β = .53, p < .001) and expressive suppression (β = .28, p < .001); whereas self-esteem (β = -.19, p < .01), social self-achievement (β = -.29, p < .001) and emotion attention (β = -.30, p < .001) negatively predicted expressive suppression. Results indicate that expressive suppression could be working for, among other, purposes such as avoiding emotional experience and social rejection situations, and that emotion repair comprises facets both of cognitive reappraisal and of expressive suppression.
Copyright (c) 2026 Roberto Bueno-Cuadra, Edmundo Hervias-Guerra, Dennis López-Odar , Elizabeth Dany Araujo-Robles (Autor/a) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Psychometric properties of the Cuestionario de Sucesos Vitales (CSV) on a Sample of Ecuadorian Adults
Objective. The objective of this study was to adapt and validate the Cuestionario de Sucesos Vitales (CSV) in the Ecuadorian context. Method. The study design was instrumental, and 417 adults participated (M = 37.1; SD = 8.67). Results. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the CSV has a seven-factor structure, reduced to 33 items, with optimal goodness-of-fit indices and adequate reliability. Convergent validity, using a structural model of relationship with other variables, revealed that life events are positively related to depression and anxiety. The CSV-33 demonstrates adequate validity and reliability for assessing life events in Ecuadorian adults.
Copyright (c) 2025 Evaluadores Evaluadores (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Relationship Between Father And Children After Divorce: Integrative Literature Review
The continuity of the relationship between the father and the children after the divorce favors the development of the child and the family. This study aimed to present an integrative review of empirical research literature on the relationship between fathers and children after divorce/marital separation. The results suggests that: there are factors that favor and factors that hinder the relationship between fathers and children after divorce; this relationship exerts influence on the development of children and adolescents; separated-father parenting is marked by specific characteristics; and psychological interventions with divorced fathers are indicated to improve the functioning of binuclear families. This subject is highly relevant for the training of professionals in the health, education and legal fields, since it is a multifaceted phenomenon, complex and relevant for the development of children and family.
Copyright (c) 2018 Actualidades en Psicología http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Validation of a Scale of Perfectionism in Peruvian Children
This article discusses the validation of the Oros’ Child Perfectionism Scale (EPI) in a Peruvian child population. A total of 1084 children aged 7 to 12 years (M = 9.75, SD = 1.23) from seven private and public educational institutions participated. Exploratory Factor Analysis revealed an oblique two-dimensional scale (Reaction to failure and Self-orders); however, three items had a load <. 30. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis corroborated the bidimensional oblique structure with the exception of correlated errors. Reliability was estimated using the Omega coefficient (ω = .810). It is concluded that the EPI has evidence of validity and reliability of the scores.
Influence of Anomie and Organizational Commitment on the Turnover Intention in Organizations
The current context of organizations is of great competition in a market increasingly marked by change. For companies to remain competitive in such a scenario, they must invest in recruitment, selection, and training; as well as create strategies to retain their talents. The present study attempts to test an explanatory model of turnover intention with organizational anomia and organizational commitment as predictors. A total of 325 workers from different organizations participated in the study. Participants responded to validated instruments to measure study variables. The answers were subjected to Structural Equation Modeling. The results showed that anomie exerts a negative influence on commitment and a positive one on intention to leave the company.
Predictors of Acute Posttraumatic Symptoms and Post-Stress Growth After a Recent Work Accident
The aim of this study is to evaluate a predictive model of acute posttraumatic symptomatology (PTS) and post-stress growth (PSG) in workers who suffered a recent work accident. To this end, 246 workers (23.2% women) were surveyed, aged between 18 and 73 years. The main predictors of PTS were subjective severity of event, negative religious coping, positive reinterpretation, and intrusive, brooding and deliberate rumination. At the same time, the main predictors of PSG were deliberate rumination and positive religious coping. A path analysis was performed to evaluate a model in which intrusive and deliberate rumination fulfill a mediating function, obtaining adequate goodness-of-fix indices. The need to have a method of early evaluation of psychological responses after an accident is proposed.
Copyright (c) 2019 Actualidades en Psicología http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The Role of Parental Attachment and Emotional Regulation on Schematic Investment in Appearance in Young Adults
The affective bonds that are established in childhood can have effects on the emotional development of young people. The secure attachment can potentiate the ability of emotional regulation, provide a more positive image of yourself and, therefore, adjusted investment behaviors in appearance. This study aims to analyze the role of parental attachment and the emotional regulation in the schematic investment in appearance. Self-report instruments were used on a sample that consisted of 948 young adults (18 and 30 years) of both genders. The study highlighted the significant role that the quality of parental attachment and emotional regulation take in developing an investment adjusted in appearance. The results showed the positive mediator effect of difficulties in emotional regulation between the inhibition of exploration and individuality mother and the self-evaluative salience.
How is a best friend? Friendship’s characteristics in Argentine children
The aims were to inquire the concept of best friend in school children and to explore the best friend concept as a protective factor against situations of mistreatment between peers. A qualitative methodology was chosen and focus groups made. The sample was made up of 85 schoolchildren, from 4th to 7th grade (M = 10.68, SD = 1.34). The analysis was carried out via constant comparative method. The emergent categories were: companionship, conflicts, fraternity, fidelity, trust, help, positive emotions and moral aspects, manifestations of violence and search for dialogue with the aggressor, affective containment towards the victim and recourse for teacher support. Different conceptualizations are interpreted considering cognitive and socioemotional development. Friendship is a psychosocial resource to cushion the effects of rejection and foster socioemotional development.
Differences between men and women regarding psychological meaning of sexual socialization practices among siblings
Objective: to describe the psychological meaning of diverse of fraternal sexual socialization practices within a group of college students and determine whether there are significant differences among genders. Methods: cross-sectional study, non-probabilistic sample method (n = 214 college students) and the Modified Natural Semantic Networks were all used in order to analyze the psychological meaning of different practices of fraternal sexual socialization. Results: female participants were found to refer practices and meanings centered on an affective role, while men were centered on an instrumental role; however, there is a broad spectrum of socialization tactics shared by both men and women. Conclusion: gender and culture play a role in the fraternal sexual socialization practices that should be taken into account.
Racial quotas: a study about university student’s and non-university’s social representations
This work aimed at analyzing the positioning of students and non-students about racial quotas in the Brazilian public universities and the justifications for that positioning. We also investigated the levels of prejudice existing among the participants and the relationship between their skin color and their positions about those quotas. The participants were 83 students and 63 non-students. The results showed that non-students perceive themselves as more prejudiced and 74% of the them were favorable to the quotas, being the selfdeclared black those that indicated greater agreement. The lexical analysis showed that students anchor their positions in meritocratic principles, while non-students anchor on egalitarian principles, reflecting the way in which these groups symbolically construct the meaning of racial quotas based on their group memberships.
Copyright (c) 2019 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Impulsiveness and Aggressiveness in Police Cadets
The main objective was to inquire the levels of aggressiveness and impulsivity in Police Cadets of the San Luis, Argentina. The sample was intentional, not probabilistic, and consisted of 58 students (39 males and 19 females) attending the second and third year of a training institute. Two instruments were administered: The Aggressiveness Questionnaire (AQ) (Andreu-Rodríguez, Peña-Fernández & Graña-Gómez, 2002) and the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11) (Oquendo et al., 2001). The main conclusions make refer to high levels of Physical Aggression and Cognitive Impulsiveness. Women showed high scores on the Hostility sub-scale, while men had higher levels of Physical Aggression; the students of the last year of training exhibited elevated levels of Motor Impulsiveness, Verbal Aggression and Wrath. Finally, positive associations between the variables of Impulsivity and Aggressiveness to were corroborated.
Influence of Sociodemographic Variables on Anxiety and Academic Achievement in Adolescence: The Pluricultural Context of Ceuta
The main objective of this paper is to analyze the types and levels of Anxiety and Academic Achievement according to age, gender, culture and socioeconomic and cultural, as well as the relationships between both variables. We focused on 811 participants 71.6% of whom were Muslims and 28.4% Christian; 46.1% male and 53.9% female. The techniques used in this survey were the STAIC (Spielberger, 2001) as well as the students’ grades. The results reflect medium-low levels in Anxiety and medium levels in Achievement. Anxiety is influenced by age, gender, culture and status. Academic Achievement is influenced by age, culture and socioeconomic and cultural. There is no statistically significant relationship between Anxiety and Achievement, except in Mathematics, increasing as the Anxiety scores are lower.
Ana R. Delgado, Universidad de Salamanca, España Ana Ventura, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Argentina Beatriz Bonete López, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, España Cándido Inglés Saura, UNIVERSITAS Miguel Hernández, España Daniel Bartholomeu, Department of Educational Psychology, UNIFIEO, Brasil Esmeralda Valdivieso, University of Kansas, EEUU Ilena Seda Santana, Universidad Autónoma de México, México José Arana, Universidad de Salamanca, España José Saiz, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Chile Juan Muñoz Bandera, Universidad de Granada, España Marcela Barguil Gallardo, Universidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica Mario Baez-Estrada, Universidad de Tarapacá, Chile Mauricio Blanco Molina, Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica Miguel Sánchez Hechavarría, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Cuba Miriam Angélica Moreno González, Universidad Veracruzana, México Priscilla Rodrigues Santana, Universidade Paulista, Brasil Rodolfo Bernal-Gamboa, Universidad Autónoma de México, México Tatiana Quarti Irigaray, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil Tirso Badillo, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, México
Copyright (c) 2025 Actualidades en Psicología (Author) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Psychometric Evidence of Factorial Structure of Ambivalent Sexism in Brazilian Psychologists
A perspective to assess prejudice against women can be obtained through the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI). Ambivalent sexism consists of two forms of manifestation: hostile and benevolent. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the factorial structure of ambivalent sexism in a sample of Brazilian psychologists. In addition, ambivalent sexism was also evaluated in relation to age, time served and how much the professional identified with a list of psychology fields. A total of 497 psychologists, between the ages of 22 and 69 (M = 34.52; SD = 9.57) from all regions of the country responded to an online survey. In addition to descriptive statistical analysis, the confirmatory factor analysis was carried out using several quality indices to adjust the model to the data, and the associations were calculated with Pearson’s correlations. Results showed reliable psychometric scores for the bifactorial structure of ambivalent sexism (hostile and benevolent). Sexism was positively correlated with age and showed no correlations with time of occupation. As far as the identification with psychology fields, sexism was negatively correlated with Social and Community Psychology, and positively correlated with Psychological Evaluation, Neuropsychology and Behavioral Neurosciences, Sport Psychology, Traffic Psychology, Experimental Psychology and Organizational Psychology.
Predictors of Professional Identity in Psychology Students: a Path Analysis Study
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between professional identity, university student identity, academic self-efficacy, professional self-efficacy, credits taken and difficulty perceived in the career, in traditional and non-traditional psychology students. We used a cross-sectional design and a non-probabilistic sample of 136 psychology students from a public university in the north of Chile. Four scales and a sociodemographic survey were used. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and path analysis were performed. Results showed significant differences in the academic and professional self-efficacy grouped into traditional and non-traditional students and a model that predicts professional identity based on the variables of university student identity, academic self-efficacy, professional self-efficacy, credits taken and perceived difficulty in the career (R2= .24). Outcomes are discussed according to the existing literature.