Actualidades en Psicología (AP) is an official publication of the University of Costa Rica sponsored by the Psychological Research Institute (IIP, for its initials in Spanish), an entity belonging to the same university. Its objective is to promote scientific production in all fields of psychological science and associated fields, which is achieved via the publication of original and unpublished articles that present results of empirical research, mixed studies, methodological contributions, narrative states of the art, meta-analyses and literature reviews. This freely accessible journal is aimed primarily at students and professionals in the area of psychology and related sciences. The journal publishes in Spanish, English and Portuguese. The journal has been published continuously since 2018; i.e., article are published one at the time until the complete issue is compiled (issue closings are held in June and December). The journal’s call for papers is likewise open and permanent; thus, authors are welcome to submit their manuscripts throughout the year. The submissions should reflect the guidance provided under “Authors Guidelines.” Submission, revision and processing of manuscripts is free of charge. The journal is interested in original research contributions to the psychological sciences, which must respect and adhere to the highest ethical and scientific rules. Current Trends in Psychology seeks to encourage scientific investigation, to promote the discussion of relevant ideas for psychological sciences, and to disseminate professional and academic information relevant to the discipline. The journal currently ranks high in the UCRIndex. Furthermore, it is indexed in: PsycINFO , la base de datos de la Asociación Americana de Psicología SCIELO , Biblioteca Científica Electrónica en Línea-Brasil REDALYC , red de revistas para América Latina, el Caribe, Portugal y España PEPSIC , Revistas Electrónicas de Psicología – Brasil DIALNET , base de datos de revistas españolas y latinoamericanas DOAJ , Directorio de revistas de acceso abierto; Universidad de Lund, Suecia LATINDEX , Sistema regional de información en línea para revistas científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal REDBIB , Red Iberoamericana de Innovación y Conocimiento Científico CLASE , Citas Latinoamericanas en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades Google Académico ESCI (Índice de citas de fuentes emergentes) SCOPUS
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Anxiety, Hopelessness, and Coping with COVID-19 in Users of Psychological Care
Objective. The main goal was to identify the levels of symptoms of anxiety and hopelessness, as well as the coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic in users of online psychological care services. Method. A predictive cross-sectional design was used, with a sample of 78 volunteers. The scale of coping strategies in the face of extreme risks, the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) were applied. Results. The results indicated that since there is an elevated level of anxiety in the participants, they tend to manifest a higher level of helplessness and coping behaviors oriented towards avoidance and passive nature.
Copyright (c) 2022 Alicia Hernández Montaño, José González Tovar, Rosa Isabel Garza Sánchez, Karla Valdés García, Bárbara de los Ángeles Pérez Pedraza http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Differential Analysis of Emotional Work Wear in Geriatric Socio-health Care Professionals
Burnout syndrome has had a long history in the public arena of professionals dedicated to the care of the elderly. Objective. In this study, we aim to understand the influence of various socio-demographic variables on work-related wear of professionals in public residences. Method. The sample consists of 136 workers of both genders, aged between 18 and 60, who carry out direct care and psychosocial management tasks. The instruments applied were the burnout inventory by Maslach & Jackson (1986), and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) by Goldberg & Hillier (1979). Results. Our results point to the existence of differences by sex in emotional fatigue as well as in burnout in general; and by work seniority (specifically, in personal fulfillment; and in burnout in general). These results will reinforce the need to strengthen the resilience of interdisciplinary professional teams aimed at protecting the health of working people in terms of occupational risk prevention.
Copyright (c) 2020 Carolina Bringas Molleda, Javier Naveiras Fernández, Francisco Javier Rodríguez Díaz http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Psychological Interventions in Anxiety Treatment in People with Breast Cancer: a Meta-Analysis
Objective. This study aims to estimate the effect size of psychological interventions for anxiety treatment in people diagnosed with breast cancer. Method. A systematic review of online databases (Dialnet, Ebsco, Latindex, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley, SAGE, Scielo, and Google Scholar) was carried out, through which experimental and quasi-experimental articles relevant to the analysis were retrieved. From the selected articles, data were extracted regarding the participants, the treatments used, and pre and post test data from the groups for analysis. Results. Seventeen articles that met the inclusion criteria were used in the analysis. The overall effect size of the interventions was determined (g = -.459). Likewise, bias and continuous moderating variables analyses were performed.
Copyright (c) 2020 Actualidades en Psicología (Current Trends in Psychology) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Predictors of Emotional Symptoms During Residential Lockdown due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in El Salvador
Objective. To explore emotional symptomatology and its predictors in a Salvadorean sample in residential lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Method. A non-probabilistic sample of 339 participants over 18 years of age, 62% women and 38% men, mostly working people (52.8%), was collected. An online questionnaire recorded behaviors and perceptions during the pandemic, as well as emotional symptoms, using the DASS-21 scale. Results. Around 75% of the sample reported mild emotional symptoms. Compared to men and those employed, women and those engaged in other activities reported more emotional symptoms. Fear of contagion, younger age, and disruption of daily routines were core predictors of emotional symptoms.
Copyright (c) 2020 Carlos Iván Orellana, Ligia María Orellana http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Early Dyadic Communication: Microanalysis of Eight Cases
Objective. This paper characterizes mother-baby interaction styles for the purpose of identifying dyadic bonding throughout the first year of life. The Forms of Interaction are emphasized as a central concept for the incorporation of the subject into communication and then to language. Method. Records of natural interactions from eight dyads to six weeks, six months and one year of age identify the progressive constitution of the dyadic communication system. Results. The elucidation of body signs and the emergence of emotional regulation at six weeks, the interplay with social scenes at six months, and the establishment of the dyadic semantic field at one year are salient features that intertwine during the process. Triangulation with the social environment is a constant within the interaction.
Copyright (c) 2020 Jorge Rafael Sanabria León http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Social Representations of Breast Cancer: a Comparison of Women with Recent Diagnosis and Healthy Women
Objective. of the study was to identify the social representations (SR) of breast cancer in diagnosed women and healthy or disease-free women (MLE), Guadalajara-Jalisco, 2016. Method. The associative technique of free listing and peer questionnaire was applied to 40 women. In order to know the structure of SR, a thematic and structural content analysis of SR was carried out. Results. The findings show that diagnosed women are more aware of the importance of prevention and timely detection. MLE gave greater importance to negative aspects such as fear and death. The SR on the disease is built through experiences, either one’s own with the diagnosis, through the experiences of a close person, or through social knowledge.
Factorial Structure and Reliability of Cyberbullying Questionnaire (CBQ) and her Complement (BCQ-V) in Ecuadorian Teenagers
Objective. To analyze the factor structure and reliability of the Cyberbullying Questionnaire (CBQ), which measures the prevalence of cyberbullying; as well as measure the complement on victimization (CBQ-V). Method. The study is instrumental in verifying the factorial construction and internal consistency of the tests in a sample of 998 high school students from six educational centres in Tungurahua. Results. It was found that the CBQ explains 58.5% of the variance with three factors with values ​​of S-B c2= 29.5; df = 24; p > .05; S-B c2/df = 1.2; NNFI = .95; CFI = .96; GFI = .90 and RMSEA = .08 IC 90% [.10 - .05]. While the CBQ-V also with three factors explains 52.6% of the variance with S-B c2 = 29.5; df = 24; p > .05; S-B c2/df = 1.2; NNFI = .95; CFI = .96; GFI = .90 and RMSEA = .08 IC 90% [.10 -.05]. Regarding reliability, the scores reached for the CBQ is α(ordinal)= .903 and CBQ-V is α(ordinal)= .879. It is concluded that the tests under analysis are valid as a construct and reliable in Tungurahua high school students.
Copyright (c) 2020 Isabel Ramos-Noboa, Sra., Aitor Larzabal-Fernández, Sr., Rodrigo Moreta-Herrera http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Perceived Emotional Intelligence in Higher Education Students: Analysis of Differences in the Different Dimensions
Objective: The purpose is to analyze the emotional intelligence perceived in university students. Method: This is a correlational methodological design corresponding to an ex post facto design of retrospective and comparative. Participants: The sample is made up of a total of 175 subjects in the third and fourth year of a Social Education Degree.Results: This work shows the existence of differences in emotional intelligence based on sex in terms of attention and emotional regulation, in which women have higher scores. In the case of age, there are also statistically significant differences in terms of emotional regulation, in which students whose ages are up to 20 obtain higher scores.
Psychosocial Analysis of Aging in the Elderly: Its Social Representations
Objective. This study aimed to identify and compare the social representations of aging built by senior participants of cohabiting groups for the elderly (G1) and non-participant elderly (G2). Method. The participation of 60 elders was equally distributed by gender. A socio-demographic questionnaire, the Free Word Association Technique (FAWT), and a semi-structured interview were all applied. The data collected by the FAWT were analyzed by the technique of semantic networks, while the interviews were investigated by IRaMuTeQ software. Results. Overall, it was found that the elderly in cohabitation groups characterized aging with positive aspects, associating it with health and physical activities while those who did not participate associated it with negative aspects related to disease, loss and decline.
Copyright (c) 2020 Jefferson Luiz de Cerqueira Castro, Ádilo Lages Vieira Passos, Ludgleydson Fernandes de Araújo, José Victor de Oliveira Santos http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Coparentality and Parental Involvement in Binuclear Families: Systematic Literature Review
Objective. The objective of this systematic review was to understand how coparenting, parental involvement, and parenting practices influence the dynamics of binuclear families. Method. A search was carried out in the PsycINFO, Web of Science, and BVSPsi databases, which resulted in 17 scientific articles. The studies were analyzed critically concerning the methodological characteristics and the main results. Results. In general, it was observed that coparenting and parental involvement are associated with several factors that protect the psychological health of parents and children after divorce, in line with data found with intact/nuclear families. No research was found on parenting practices within the established search criteria. Possible biases and indications for future investigations and interventions with binuclear families are discussed.
Copyright (c) 2020 Fernanda Martins de Souza, Milena Carolina Fiorini, Maria Aparecida Crepaldi http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Differences in Anxiety and Depression by Contextual Variables in Women with Breast Cancer
Objective. The aim is to identify the differences between anxiety and depression according to contextual variables in women with breast cancer who are under treatment. Method. A comparative study was carried out in 91 women with breast cancer in three care units in Northeast Mexico. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used. Results. The 51.6% (f = 47) resulted in anxiety and 25.3% (f = 23) depression. Anxiety and depression are not different according to the degree of schooling (p > .05) and marital status (p > .05). Depression (p = .001) and anxiety (p = 05) is different according to the unit of attention. In conclusion, it is important to take care of the emotional state of cancer patients since it was observed that half of the patients presented anxiety and a quarter with depression. It is necessary to analyze the context because depression and anxiety are different regarding the unit of attention.
Copyright (c) 2020 Eva Magdalena García-Hernández, San Juana López-Guevara, Luz Elena Cano-Fajardo, Maribel Avila-Medina, Tirso Duran-Badillo, Delia Ponce-Martínez http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Methodological Aspects of Dream Intervention Modes Referred to in Pass Testimonies from Lacanian Schools Affiliated with the WAP and the SPFLF
Objective. This paper presents a study of dream intervention modes referred to in pass testimonies from Lacanian Schools affiliated with the World Association of Psychoanalysis and the School of Psychoanalysis of the Forums of the Lacanian Fields. Method. The intentional sample consists of 80 testimonies, obtained from the publications of each school. From that point, we analyzed qualitatively 14 examples, in which the intervention of the analyst over a dream story was explicit. Results. We could find varied interventions and gather them into four main ideas: (a) interrogation or invitation to associate; (b) interpretation; (c) cut; (d) other analytic act variations. As a conclusion, the Freudian approach with dreams is still in effect, but we also observe some others ways to intervene that aim beyond sense: to letter and to cut, as the foundations of psychoanalytic interpretation.
Copyright (c) 2020 Ma. Celeste Labaronnie, Maximiliano Azcona http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Personal Adjustment and Disruptive Behaviors in Primary School Students
Objective. This study analyses the relationships between personal adjustment and disruptive behaviors in a group of 136 primary school students between the ages of 9 and 12. Method. This field observation study used a non-experimental, cross-sectional methodology. Several questionnaires were used to measure students’ selfesteem, personality, stress, and emotional competencies. Moreover, an ad hoc questionnaire was created to record disruptive behaviors. Results. The results indicate significant positive relationships between disruptive behaviors and school stress, as well as negative ones with self-esteem, stability, competence, and emotional understanding. The differences are significant according to gender, with inappropriate behaviors manifesting to a lesser extent in the case of girls.
Copyright (c) 2020 Marta Martínez-Vicente, Carlos Valiente-Barroso http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
A Systematic Literature Review on Suicide: Risk and Protection Factors in Latin American Youth 1995-2017
Objective. To determine the state of research on protective and risk factors of suicide in young people in several Latin American countries. Method. The study was conducted following a Systematic Literature Review with a qualitative approach. Results. Most studies analyzed for this article have been conducted from within the health sciences with a predominance of quantitative approaches, focusing mainly on risk factors and, to a lesser extent, on protective factors. However, there is a need to study the latter in greater depth, as well as prevention measures that may be useful in future interventions and research. In addition, it has been found that the family, as the first space of social interaction, represents a determining element in the development of both protective and risk factors in young people. Furthermore, for this population, the combination of different risk factors could considerably aggravate the occurrence of a suicide attempt or consummation.
Teachers’ Social Representations of Learning Shared by Private School: a Comparative Study
Objective. The aim was to understand private school teachers’ social representations of learning in the current technological landscape. Method. Forty teachers participated in the study; twenty of whom had Educational Robotic Technology embedded in their school curriculum; and twenty of whom did not. Data collection was carried out via a socio-demographic questionnaire, TALP and semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed using Bardin’s technique of semantic networks and thematic content analysis. Results. Teachers with educational robotics in their curriculum-linked learning showed the construction of knowledge associated with a constructionist approach. Those who did not, conversely, elucidated learning with an instructional vision aimed at transmitting the knowledge that occurs through the search.
Dispositional Optimism, Anxiety, Depression and Stress in a Sample of Ecuador. Inter-gender and Prediction Analysis
Objective. To determine the inter-gender differences in dispositional optimism, depression, anxiety, and stress; as well as the predictive role of optimism on pathological features in a sample of Ecuadorian university students. Method. This is a descriptive, comparative, predictive and cross-sectional study using the Life Orientation (LOT-R) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) tests with 288 university students belonging to one university of Ambato; 63.9% women, 31% men aged between 17 to 39 (M = 21.6 years, SD = 2.5). Results. Gender differences were found at the Anxiety and Stress level, with greater presence in women than in men. As regards dispositional optimism and depression, gender is invariant. There were both slight and significant correlations between dispositional optimism and the dimensions evaluated by the DASS 21 test. Dispositional optimism also explains changes in variance in depression (15.2%), anxiety (9.7%) and stress (5.5%). As a conclusion, dispositional optimism is a relevant predictor of depression, as well as anxiety and stress in university students.
Copyright (c) 2020 Ismael Gaibor-González, Rodrigo Moreta-Herrera, Sr. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Impact of Mental Lexicon on Reading Comprehension in Children Growing up in Poverty
Objetive. This study analyses the impact that lexical representations of Spanish-speaking children in contexts of poverty have on the reading comprehension skills. Method. To this end, an assessment was made of the reading comprehension of 61 children. The results helped identify two groups within the sample: one with a high level of comprehension, and a second with a low level of comprehension. Each group’s vocabulary (semantic representations of the mental lexicon) and reading level (orthographic representations of the mental lexicon) was then assessed. Other important skills related to comprehension were likewise explored, such as working memory, inference-making ability, and morphosyntactic processing of spoken language. Results. The results provide evidence regarding the substantial impact of mental lexicon representations on reading comprehension.
Copyright (c) 2020 Marina Ferroni http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Cognitive Training on the Solving of Mathematical Problems: An EEG Study in Young Men
Objective. This study characterized the electroencephalographic correlation (rEEG) between prefrontal and parietal cortices in young men while solving logical-mathematical problems after 18 sessions of cognitive training. Method. Two training groups were formed: one trained with gradually increased complexity (CT), the other with no increase in complexity (ST). Results. CT had a greater number of correct responses in the post-training evaluation than ST and showed a higher correlation between the left frontopolar-parietal cortices in almost all EEG bands, and between the dorsolateral-parietal cortices in the alpha1 band while solving math problems post-training. Results suggest that major functional synchronization between the left prefrontal and parietal cortices plays an important role in improving mathematical problem-solving after cognitive training.
Copyright (c) 2021 Jahaziel Molina, Miguel Angel Guevara, Marisela Hernández-González, Rosa María Hidalgo-Aguirre, Manuel Alejandro Cruz-Aguilar, Jorge Carlos Hevia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Psychosocial Factors in Workers of an Educational Organization and their Relationship with Psychic Exhaustion
Objective. To evaluate the psychosocial factors perceived by workers in a higher education public organization and their relationship with the psychic exhaustion. Method. Research was cross-sectional, 292 workers participated and it was used a test battery to evaluate the dimensions: Work Context, Work Content and individual Factors, as independent variables and Psychic Exhaustion as a dependent variable. Results. Perception of the participants was favorable by more than 80%. Psychosocial dimensions indicated a medium, positive and statistically significant correlation with the Psychic Exhaustion, consistent with Odds Ratio analysis. Individual Factors was the dimension with the greatest influence according to the multiple linear regression model, followed by Work Content.
Copyright (c) 2021 Ana Anaya-Velasco, Estibalis Anaís Luna Chávez, Claudia Saldaña Orozco, M. Ángeles Carrión-García http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Quality of Life in Young Adults with ADHD Diagnosed in Adulthood: Systematic Review
Objective. Describe current studies on quality of life of young adults with ADHD diagnosed for the first time in adulthood, or who did not receive any type of treatment for this disorder. Method. a meta-synthesis was carried out investigations that report theoretical, methodological, and conclusive evidence of the object of study, following the recommendations on the Cochrane and PRISMA. Results. Six documents selected and analyzed out of 418 found showed that ADHD negatively affects the personal, emotional, physical, and material well-being of the young adult without diagnosis or treatment during the infantadolescent stage. The vast majority of young adults with ADHD, mainly those with comorbid disorders, have a poor perception of their quality of life.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults
Copyright (c) 2021 Héctor José Mazurkiewicz Rodríguez, Beatriz Marcano http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The Psychoanalytic Listening and the Psychodramatic Techniques in a Group of Men Who Experienced Childhood Violence in Costa Rica
Abstract. Objective. Systematize the contributions of the psychoanalytic clinic with psychodramatic and body techniques in a group of men who experienced violence in their childhood. Method. Systematization and analysis by theme categories, based on participant observation, written and audio recording, from the verbal and body speech of nine men in psychoanalytic group therapy by using psychodramatic techniques. Results. In conclusion, violence promotes an abusive relationship with the person himself, and the experience of pain is inscribed in the body as a possibility of expression. The group approach facilitated the reworking of psychic suffering through the body to recognize and verbalize emotions from the traumatic scene in an encounter of subjectivities.
Copyright (c) 2021 Rodrigo Zúñiga Araya y María Laura Ortiz Arias http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Evolution of the Study on the Effect of Parenting on Prosocial Behaviours in Childhood and Adolescence: Systematic Review
Objective. To conduct a systematic review of the evolution and documented empirical evidence on the effect of parenting on the development of prosocial behaviors in childhood and adolescence. Method. A bibliometric and citation network analysis was performed using bibliometrix and Tree of Science (ToS) tools. The bibliographic search was carried out in Scopus and Web of Science. Results. Scientific production between 2000 and 2020 increased between 10% and 13%. The studies were segmented into classic, structural, and recent. Classical studies analyzed the direct effect of parental discipline on prosocial behaviors. The structural ones analyzed the emotional factors that mediate the association between parenting and prosocial behaviors. The recent ones provide additional evidence on the mediating role of empathy and the incorporation of a crosscultural and ethnic perspective in the study of parenting styles and prosocial behaviors.
Copyright (c) 2021 Anyerson Stiths Gómez Tabares, Maria Cristina Correa Duque, Jorge Hernán González Cortés http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Happiness, Positive Emotions, Cognitive Appraisal, and Coping in University Students of Metropolitan Lima
Objective. The main objective of this study was to examine the influence of happiness by cognitive appraisal and positive emotions on stress coping in university students. Method. 352 people participated in the study, 70.2% were women, with an age range of between 19 and 35 years. Structural Equation Models (SEM) were tested to estimate the influence of happiness in the stress process and coping. Results. The results showed expected correlations between the variables and a good fit of the proposed models. Happiness influences the use of adaptive coping strategies, through the cognitive appraisal of challenge (β = .220; p < .001) and the experience of positive emotions (β = .159; p = .001). In conclusion, happiness plays an important role in the stress and coping process.
Copyright (c) 2021 José David Loayza-Rivas http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Psychoanalytic Contributions to the Understanding of Mental Health Care in Brazil: A Literature Review
Objective. The objective is to identify the contributions of psychoanalysis in the formulation of mental health care practices in Brazil. Method. The method of integrative literature review with meta-synthesis was used in the PubMed, BVS, LILACS, SciELO databases, with searches from 2008 to 2018. Results. The results indicate that psychoanalysis contributed to the notion of structural diagnosis, a new perspective of healing, work with delirium and art, “practice made by many” construction of the clinical case, expanded clinic, and unique listening. In conclusion, psychoanalysis is part of the restructuring and creation of care practices in mental health institutions within the scope of theoretical and technical devices, so the patient specificities guide the treatment.
Copyright (c) 2021 João Paulo Nogueira da Silva, Carolina Ventura Silva, Janari da Silva Pedroso http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Psychometric Properties of the Mobile Phone Dependency Test (TDMB) in Argentina and its Relationship with Impulsivity
The use of cell phones has increased exponentially in most countries of the world. From a psychological perspective, different techniques have been developed to assess the level of dependence towards the use of the mobile phone, the TDMB test being one of the most used. Objective. The aim of the research was to adapt and validate the TDMB and its relations with impulsivity. Method. 339 adults residing in Argentina participated in the study, with ages between 18 and 65 years (M = 37.66; SD = 12.87), of which 74.3% were women. The evaluation included the TDMD, the UPPS-P to evaluate impulsivity and ad-hoc variables related to cell phone use. Results. Adequate psychometric properties were observed for the Argentine version of the TDMB. Likewise, relationships were observed between all dimensions of the questionnaire and impulsivity, as well as differences according to the age and gender of the participants. The scope and limits of the test are discussed, as well as its relationships with the impulsivity and daily use of the mobile phone.
Copyright (c) 2021 Marian Durao, Edgardo Etchezahar, Joaquín Ungaretti y Carolina Calligaro http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Construction and Validation of Attraction for Morbid Events Multifactor Scale
Objective. This study aimed to construct and validate the Attraction for Morbid Events Multifactor Scale (EMAEM). Method. Two empiric studies were conducted. 252 people from the general population participated in the first study, in which a main component analysis was conducted to attest the factor structure of EMAEM. In this study, the five-factor model was most suitable. In the second study, the participants were 609 people from the general population that answered personality and antisocial behavior scales, besides EMAEM. Results. Confirmatory Factor Analysis shows the suitability of the five-factor model. Moreover, the EMAEM scale can provide aids to a better understanding of personality traits associated with engaging in risky behavior.
Copyright (c) 2021 Lia Wagner Plutarco, Marília Mendes Moreira de Sousa, Walberto Silva dos Santos, Sophia Lóren de Holanda Sousa, Matheus Gomes Lins Alves http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The Relationship Between the Big Five Personality Factors and the Intention of Corruption
Corruption must be investigated from different levels of analysis. At the intra-individual level, personality is a relevant variable for its understanding. Objective. In the present research, we sought to analyze the influence of personality traits on the intention of corrupt behavior based on the Big Five model of personality. Method. This study included 286 individuals between the ages of 18 and 76. A Reduced Scale of the Big Five personality factors, and a Corruption Intention Measurement scale, along general sociodemographic data were part of the data collection process. Results. Data showed positive correlations between corruption intention and the dimensions of agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness. However, using multiple linear regression, only conscientiousness had a significant effect. Implications are discussed.
Copyright (c) 2021 João Gabriel Modesto, Karine Pereira, Rafaella Carvalho http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
What Motivates You to Exercise? Phenomenology of Long-Term Physical Activity Practice
Objective. To know the experience of long-term active people to understand their relationship with physical practice in three stages: beginning of active life, current motivation, and facing barriers. Method. A phenomenological analysis was done on in-depth interviews. N = 11 adults have been active at a sufficient level for, at least, the last 10 years. Results. Four categories were found: the autonomous experience, the decision making, the preference for an active life acquired since childhood, and the habit through which they regulate their emotions. As a conclusion, the characteristics of the experience of active people with physical activity confirmed aspects about self-determined motivation. Useful elements are suggested in the intervention aimed at long-term activation. ivation.
Copyright (c) 2021 Maria Eugenia Tavernier Morga, Bernardo Turnbull Plaza, Félix Guillén http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The Family Support Network and Intra-family Relationships as Predictors of Life Satisfaction
Objective. The main objective of this paper was to determine the relationship between the elements of family support network and intra-family relationships with life satisfaction. Method. A correlational, cross-sectional, and non-experimental study was carried out with a sample of 314 students from two higher education institutions: 70 men (22.3%) and 244 women (77.7%), with an average age of 27.55 years (SD = 9.57). Results. Results showed that the model constituted by the members of the family support network, the closeness or intimacy among those members, the support shown in intra-family relationships, and the communication excel to predict the vital satisfaction of the individual.
Copyright (c) 2021 Arturo Barraza Macías http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Subjective Theories on Parental Discipline: A Perspective of Social Workers and Psychologists
Objective. To reconstruct the subjective theories of social workers and psychologists regarding parental discipline. Method. The following research is qualitative, and it was carried out through a descriptive type of design. Individual interviews were conducted to seven social workers and seven psychologists from the fourth region of Chile. The analysis of the collected data was performed through the grounded theory using encodings from the ATLAS.ti. software. Results. It is shown that the pieces of advice regarding parental discipline are strongly influenced by the professional training, the working experience, and some personal elements and conceptions of the interviewed professionals. Some differences are observed regarding the pieces of advice provided from both professional perspectives.
Copyright (c) 2021 Francisco Herrera-Durán, Pablo J. Castro-Carrasco http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0