![](data:image/png;base64,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)
74
Rev. Biol. Trop. (Int. J. Trop. Biol.) • Vol. 69(1): 60-76, March 2021
Das Sarkar, S., Sahoo, A.K., Gogoi, P., Raman, R.K.,
Munivenkatappa, M.H., Kumari, K., … Das, B.K.
(2019b). Phytoplankton biomass in relation to flow
dynamics: the case of a tropical river Mahana-
di, India. Tropical Ecology, 60(4), 485-494. DOI:
10.1007/s42965-019-00048-7
Das Sarkar, S., Sarkar, U.K., Lianthuamluaia, L., Ghosh,
B.D., Roy, K., Mishal, P., & Das, B.K. (2020). Pattern
of the state of eutrophication in the floodplain wet-
lands of eastern India in context of climate change: a
comparative evaluation of 27 wetlands. Environmen-
tal Monitoring and Assessment, 192(3), 1-12.
DeNicola, D. (1996). Periphyton responses to temperature
at different ecological levels. In R.J. Stevenson,
M.L. Bothwell, & R.L. Lowe (Eds.), Algal Ecology
in Freshwater Benthic Ecosystems (pp. 57-68). New
York, USA: Academic Press.
Elliot, J.A., Thackeray, S.J., Huntingford, C., & Jones,
R.G. (2005). Combining a regional climate model
with a phytoplankton community model to predict
future changes in phytoplankton in lakes. Freshwater
Biology, 50, 1404-1411.
Field, C.B., Barros, V.R., Mach, K.J., & Mastrandrea,
M.D. (2014). Technical summary. In C.B. Field, V.R.
Barros, D.J. Dokken, K.J. Mach, & M.D. Mastran-
drea (Eds.), Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adapta-
tion, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral
Aspects (pp. 35-39). Cambridge, United Kingdom:
Cambridge University Press.
Friberg, N., Christensen, J.B., Olafsson, J.S., Gislason, G.M.,
Larsen, S.E., & Lauridsen, T.L. (2009). Relationship
between structure and function in streams contrasting
in temperature: possible impacts of climate change on
running water ecosystems. Freshwater Biology, 54,
2051-2206. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2427.2009.02234.x
Ghosal, S., Rogers, M., & Wray, A. (2000). The turbulent
life of phytoplankton. Center for Turbulence Research,
Proceedings of the Summer Program. Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sandip_Gho-
sal/publication/23831690_The_Turbulent_Life_of_
Phytoplankton/links/00b4951fa3e956d1b8000000/
The-Turbulent-Life-of-Phytoplankton.pdf
Gregor, J., & Marsalek, B. (2004). Freshwater phyto-
plankton quantification by chlorophyll a: a compa-
rative study of in vitro, in vivo and in situ methods.
Water Research, 38, 517-522. DOI: 10.1016/j.
watres.2003.10.033
Hartmann, D.L., Klein-Tank, A.M.G., Rusticucci, M.,
Alexander, L.V., Brönnimann, S., & Charabi, Y.
(2013). Observations: atmosphere and surface. In T.F.
Stocker, D. Qin, G.K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K Allen,
& J. Boschung (Eds.), Climate change 2013: the phy-
sical science basis (pp. 159-254). Cambridge, United
Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
Jeong, K.S., Kim, D.K., Whigham, P., & Joo, G.J. (2003).
Modelling Microcystis aeruginosa bloom dynamics
in the Nakdong River by means of evolutionary
computation and statistical approach. Ecological
Modelling, 161, 67-78.
Ji, Z.G. (2017). Water quality and eutrophication. In Z.G. Ji
(Ed.), Hydrodynamics and Water Quality: Modeling
Rivers, Lakes, and Estuaries (2
nd
Ed., pp. 161-270).
New Jersey, USA: John Wiley and Sons Inc.
Karnatak, G., Sarkar, U.K., Naskar, M., Roy, K., Gupta,
S., Nandy, S.K., … Verma, V.K. (2018). Understan-
ding role of climatic and environmental parameters
in gonadal maturation and spawning periodicity of
spotted snakehead, Channa punctata (Bloch, 1793)
in a tropical floodplain wetland, India. Environmen-
tal Biology of Fishes, 101, 595-607. DOI: 10.1007/
s10641-018-0722-6
Klapper, H. (1991). Control of eutrophication in Inland
waters. Sussex, United Kingdom: Ellis Horwood
Ltd. West.
Komatsu, E., Fukushima, T., & Shiraishi, H. (2006). Mode-
ling of P-dynamics and algal growth in a stratified
reservoir mechanisms of the P-cycle and interactions
between water and sediment. Ecological Modelling,
197, 331-349.
Lewandowska, A., & Sommer, U. (2010). Climate change
and the spring bloom: a mesocosm study on the
influence of light and temperature on phytoplankton
and mesozooplankton. Marine Ecology Progress
Series, 405, 101-111.
Lindeman, R.H., Merenda, P.F., & Gold, R.Z. (1980).
Introduction to Bivariate and Multivariate Analysis.
Illinois, USA: Glenview.
Manna, R.K., Satpathy, B.B., Roshith, C.M., Naskar,
M., Bhaumik, U., & Sharma, A.P. (2013). Spatio-
temporal changes of hydro-chemical parameters in
the estuarine part of the river Ganges under altered
hydrological regime and its impact on biotic com-
munities. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management,
16(4), 433-444.
Milly, P.C.D., Dunne, K.A., & Vecchia, A.V. (2006). Glo-
bal pattern of trends in stream flow and water avai-
lability in a changing climate. Nature, 438, 347-350.
DOI: 10.1038/nature04312
Mitra, A., Zaman, S., & Raha, A.K. (2014). Phytoplank-
ton cell volume and diversity in Indian Sundar-
bans. Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences, 43,
1914-1921.
Mooij, W.M., Janse, J.H., Domis, L.N., Hulsmann, S., &
Ibelings, B.W. (2007). Predicting the effect of climate
change on temperate shallow lakes with the ecosys-
tem model PC Lake. Hydrobiologia, 584, 443-454.