Abstract
Surface ultrastructures of the digestive tracts of Taeniopoda and Schistocerca were studied by scanning electron microscopy and the surface of the pharynx, esophagus, crop, cardiac valve, stomach, ileum, colon and rectum are described. Clear structural differences were observed in each part of the digestive tracts in the two genera. The epithelial cell of the pharynx and esophagus showed well developed infolding and conical projections in both genera, however, the epithelial cell structure of Schistocerca is much more convex. In Schistocerca the overall structure is more mosaic-like, with three conical projections for each unit. In both genera the transitional zone between the crop and the stomach is formed by well developed triangles and the stomach and caecum have abundant infoldings and microvilli. The ileum shows abundant cone-shaped projections; the colon and rectal sac are smooth.
References
A ubry, R. 1979. Incidence du jeune et de la presence de microorganismes dans le tube digestif sur l' activite osidasique digestive de Schistocerca gregaria F. Acridia, 8: 35-46.
Baccetti, B. 1961. Ricerche sull' ultrastruttura dell' intestino degli insetti. II. L a celula epiteliale del mesentero di un ortottero, un coleottero e un dittero adulti. Redia, 46: 157-165.
Balshin , H.W., & I.E. Phillips. 1971. Active absorption of amino acids in the rectum of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria. Nature, 233: 53-55.
Beams, H.W., & E. Anderson. 1957. Light and electron microscope studies on the striated border of the intestinal epithelial cells of insects. J. Morph., 100: 601-619.
Beirne, B. P. 1972. Pest insects of animal crop plants in Canada. V. Orthoptera. Mem. Ent. Soc. Can., 85: 38-57.
Blackith, R.E., & R. Blackith. 1966. The anatomy and physiology of the morabine grasshoppers. I. Digestive and reproductive system. Aust. J. Zool., 14: 31-48.
Bords, L. 1898. L' appareil digestif des Orthopteres. Etudes morphologiques, histologiques et physiologiques de cet organe et son importance pour la classification des Orthopheres. Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool., 8: 1-208.
Bryantseva, I.B. 1951. Peculiarities of structure of the foregut in Acridoidea. Sborn. Inst. Prikl. Zool. Phytopat., 1: 23-31.
Bryantseva, I.B. 1953. Peculiarities in the structure of the foregut in acridids of the subfamily Egnatiinae (Orthoptera, Acrididae). Rev. Ent. U.R.S.S., 33: 194-197.
Chauvin, R. 1941. Contribution a l' étude physiologique du criquet pélerin et du déterminisme des phénomenes grégaires. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., 110: 133-272.
Dadd, R.H. 1963. Feeding behaviour and nutrition in grasshoppers and locusts. Advan. Insect Physiol., 1: 47-109.
Droste, IU., & E. Zebe. 1974. Resorption und stoffwerhsel von glucose im da rmtrak der wanderheuscheuschrecke, Locusta migratoria J. Insect Physiol., 20912: 2385-2394.
Dufour, L. 1841. Recherches anatomiques et physiologiques sur les Orthopteres les Hymenopteres et Neuropteres. Mém. Acad. Sci. Paris, 7: 265-647.
Evans, W.A.L., & D.W. Payne. 1964. Carbohydrases of the alimentary tract of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria. I. Insect Physiol., 10: 657-674.
Goodwe, D. 1962. The effects of stomach poisons on the desert locust. Ph.D. Thesis, London.
Gupta, A.P. 1979. Arthropod Phylogeny. Van Nostrand Reinhold. New York. 762p.
Hafez, M., & M.M. Ibrahim. 1959. Histology of the alimentary canal of Acridia pellucida K. (Orthoptera, Acrididae). Bull. Soc. Ent. Egypte, 43: 115-131.
Henrich, D., & E. Zebe. 1973. On the fine structure of the midgut cells of Locusta migratoria in different stages of digestion. (Orthoptera, Acrididae). Cytobiologie, 7: 315-326.
Howell, V.D., J.T. Doyen & P.R. Ehrlich. 1978. Introduction to insect biology and diversity. McGraw Hill. New York. 564p.
Khan, M.A. 1961. Studies on the secretion of sorne digestive enzymes in certain insects with special reference to feeding. Ph.D. Thesis, Londen.
Khan, M.A. 1963a. The distribution of proteinase, invertase and arnylase activity in various parts of alimentary canal of Locusta migratoria. L. Indian J. Ent., 25: 200-203.
Khan, M.A. 1963b. The secretory cycle of invertase in the midgut and caeca tissue of Locusta migratoria L. in relation to moulting. Current Sci. (India), 32: 169.
Klein, K., & S .W. Applebaum. 1975. The surface morphology of locust hindgut cuticle (Orthoptera) I. Ent. Aust., 50: 31-36.
Malavasi, Jollyanna. 1980. Estudio ultraestructural del tracto digestivo de Taeniopoda, Schistocerca, Idiarthron,Stilpnochlora y Gryllus, (Orden Saltatoria) en Costa Rica. Tesis de grado.
Malavasi, Jollyanna, F. Ureña, & Y. Kozuka. 1981. Microscopía electrónica de barrido del epitelio digestivo del grillo (Gryllus sp.), Rev. Biol. Trop. (En prensa).
Mitchell, J.E. 1975. Variation in food preference of three grasshopper species (Acrididae: Orthoptera), as function of food availability. Amer. Midl. Nat., 94: 267-283.
Morgan, M.R.J. 1975a. A qualitative survey of the carbohydrase of the alimentary tract of the migratory locust Langosta migratoria (Orthoptera, A crididae). I. Insect Physiol., 21: 1045-1053.
Morgan, M.RJ. 1975b. Initial characterisation of the gut cellobiase of the African migratory locust, Locusta migratoria. Insect Biochem., 5: 251-264.
Morgan, M.RJ. 1975c. Initial characteris ation of the gut lactase of the African migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, migratorioides, (Orthoptera, Acrididae). Insect Biochem., 5: 479-487.
Morgan, M.RJ. 1975d. Relationship between gut cellobiase, lactase, aryl-B-glucosidase, and aryl-B-galactosidase activities of Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera, A crididae). Insect Biochem., 5: 609-617.
Morgan, M.R.J. 1976. Gut carbohydrases in locust and grasshopper (Orthoptera) . Acridia, 5: 45-58.
Novikoff, M.M. 1972. Fundamentos de morfología comparada de los invertebrados. EUDEBA. Argentina. 465p.
Powning, R.F., M.F. Day, & H. Irzy Riewicz. 1951. Studies on the digestion of wool by insects. II. The properties of some insect proteinases. Aust. J. Sci. Res. B., 4: 49-63.
Rao, G.S. 1971. The physiology of digestion in the midgut of Poecilocerus pictus. Fabr. (Orthoptera, A crididae). I. pH and digestive enzyms J. Zool. Soc. India, 2: 67-74.
Robinson, D., J.N. Srnith, & R.T. Williams 1953. Studies in detoxication. 45B glucuronidase and ary lsulphatase in the crop fluid of locust. Bio chem. J., 53: 125-129.
Roonwal, M.L. 1953. Food preference experiments on the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (Forsk al), in its permanent breeding grounds in Mekran. J. Zool. Soc. India, 5: 44-58.
Saenger, K. 1978. The relations between grasshoppers (Orth., Saltatoria) and the spatial structure of their habitats. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere, 104: 433-488.
Schuster, J.C. 1974. Saltatorial Orthoptera as commo n visitators of tropical flowers. Biotropica, 6: 138-140.
Smith, D.S. 1968. Insect cells, their structure and function. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh. 372 p.
Strebler, G. 1977. Osidasic activity of the digestive enzymes o f Schistocerca gregaria: new quantitative data. Ann. Zool. Ecol. Anim., 10: 85-96.
Tiwari, Y.C., F.s. Poonia, & P.P. Bidyasar. 1975. Utilization of free aminoacids of food in the digestive tract o f the AK grasshopper Poecilocerus pictus, (Fabr.). I. Studies on Vth instar nymphs. Folia Biol. (Cracow), 23: 33-38.
Treheme, J.E. 1958. The absorption of glucose from the alimentary canal of the locust Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal). J. Exptl. Biol., 35: 297-306.
Treheme, J .E. 1967. Gut Absorption. Annu. Rev. Ent., 12: 43-58.
Uvarov, B. 1966. Grasshoppers and locusts. A handbook of general Scridology. Cambridge. 481 p.
Verma, P.S., & M. Prasad 1977. The digestive physiology of Gryllodes sigillatus W. (Orth. Gryllidae). Indian J. Ent., 37: 19-23.
Weintraub, H., & A. Tietz. 1973. Triglyceride digestion and absorption in the locust, Locusta migratoria. Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 306: 31-41.
Weintraub, H., & A. Tietz. 1978. Lipid absorption by insulated intestinal preparation. Insect Biochem., 4: 267-274.
Woodruff, B.H. 1933. Studies of the epithelium lining the caeca and mid-gut in the grasshopper. J. Morph., 55: 53-79.
Comments
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 1981 Revista de Biología Tropical