Journal of Philosophy of the University of Costa Rica
type: channel
description: The Journal of Philosophy of the University of Costa Rica is the publication of the Costa Rican philosophical community and is produced under the auspices of the Department of Philosophy and the Institute of Philosophical Research of the University of Costa Rica. It was founded in 1957, making it one of the oldest periodicals devoted to philosophy in the Americas. Since its founding, it has published philosophical contributions from all philosophical traditions without interruption, and its pages have featured articles and studies by thinkers of the stature of Roderick Chisholm, George Santayana, Gerhard Funke, Ernest Lepore, Anna Teresa Tymieniecka, Dieter Wyss, Bob Hale, Peter Asquith, Herbert Csef, Bernhard Waldenfels, Rodolfo Mondolfo, and Angel Cappelletti, among many others. In addition, it has published previously unpublished translations of important documents such as Richard Wisser's interview with Heidegger and part of the correspondence between Dilthey and Husserl. The philosophical breadth of the journal reflects a tradition of the Costa Rican philosophical community, which has historically cultivated a wide range of philosophical perspectives, including European, Anglo-Saxon, and Latin American. In general terms, the journal publishes high-quality articles and book reviews from any area of philosophy that contribute to contemporary philosophical debates, and therefore targets the national and international philosophical community. Its language of publication is Spanish, although it also accepts articles in English and has published (by invitation) contributions in French and German. It publishes three issues annually (January-April, May-August, September-December) and accepts unpublished manuscripts throughout the year. All manuscripts submitted for consideration will undergo a double-blind peer review process. The editorial team guarantees absolute confidentiality for both authors and reviewers throughout the review process. The journal practices an ed…
publisher: Universidad de Costa Rica
language: es
publication name: Journal of Philosophy of the University of Costa Rica
issn: 0034-8252
items: Towards a Political Philosophy of the Environmental Crisis and Climate Change
items: The Turing Test and the Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence
items: A philosophy of the ordinary?
items: Differences Between The Kantian Reflective Judgment And The Arendtian Reflective Judgment, And Its Rescue Through Understanding
items: An Impossible Encounter in the New intellectual History
items: Silence as a bridge of communication between the Sacred and the profane from the thought of Giles Lipovesky and Raimon Panikkar
items: Complexity as indetermination
items: The resurgence of sovereign power in the face of the pandemic
items: Life and death in The Seventh Seal. Reflections from a hermeneutical perspective
items: The place of art
items: An Analysis of Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection from Leibniz’s Perspective
items: Gradual and categorical separation in the Phaedo
items: The way of sensation: Notes on the aesthetics of painting in Merleau-Ponty
items: Mediation and Totality: Jameson and the Linguistic Turn
items: The Platonizing allegorization
items: Readings of Kant's "Anticipations of Perception": The Origin of the Philosophies of Intensity
items: Apocatastasis of the Mind
items: The Fundamental Kantian Aporia
items: On the Unfinished and Uncertain Paths of Logic
items: The Sensibility of the Subject as a Condition of Its Freedom: A Counterpoint Between Kant and Schiller
items: Undergraduate and graduate philosophy theses defended at the University of Costa Rica (1944–2024)
items: Racial Justice and Social Justice in The Indian Revolution
items: Moishe Postone’s Theory of the Value-Form versus the Expanded Theory of Production/Reproduction of Life under Capitalism
items: The Legal Discourse of the State of Emergency
items: Artificial neural networks as regulatory devices in digital capitalism
items: Post-Darwinian Kantians and Post-Kantian Darwinians
items: Historical Jesus
items: The concept of the person in the philosophy of Robert Spaemann
items: An Approach to Schoenberg's Twelve-Tone Method from Schopenhauer's Musical Metaphysics
items: Kuhn and Feyerabend

Towards a Political Philosophy of the Environmental Crisis and Climate Change
type: item
description: This article integrates ecology and environmental ethics to find a new political philosophy that addresses the challenge of the environmental crisis. Although ecology as a science allows us to understand the state of the environment, ethics and politics must be integrated into a new environmental democracy that systematically responds to the challenge of climate change. The epistemological demarcation of science, philosophy and politics based on the ecological question, presented by environmental thinkers, helps organize democracy so that citizens can actively participate in political decision-makingabout the environment.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: ecology
  topic: keywords
subject: ethics
  topic: keywords
subject: politics
  topic: keywords
subject: enviromental democracy
  topic: keywords
subject: ecosophy
  topic: keywords
creator: Francisco Quesada Rodríguez
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-22
publication date: 2025-08-22
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2024.56650

The Turing Test and the Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence
type: item
description: This article, in general terms, is an answer to the question posed by Alan Turing in a famous article from 1950 about whether digital machines think. This adds, within the framework of what has been called “dataism”, to one of the central debates in the philosophy of artificial intelligence. Hence, he summarily reviews the history of the latter, in which the moment of cybernetics acquires a certain milestone value, as well as Turing's contributions in the conception of the computable and the relationship of the test that he proposed with algorithmic reasoning.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: technique philosophy
  topic: keywords
subject: intelligent machines
  topic: keywords
subject: recursion
  topic: keywords
subject: virtuality
  topic: keywords
subject: simulacrum
  topic: keywords
creator: Rubén H. Ríos
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-23
publication date: 2025-08-23
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2023.54439

A philosophy of the ordinary?
type: item
description: Is it possible and what sense does a philosophy of the ordinary have? Stanley Cavell's thought, one of the most original todays, allows us to approach this question, from the perspective of the analysis of ordinary language, but going further, to understand it as an approach to philosophizing, a skeptical anthropology, and a formative method. The question that remains open, relating it to Foucault and Hadot, is the importance that the question of the reality of their work and the concrete effectiveness of their discourse has, for philosophy and for those who practice it. From Cavell, it follows that today's philosophers should rediscover the “extraordinary” of what we consider ordinary and the “ordinary” of what we see as extraordinary.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Stanley Cavell
  topic: keywords
subject: Wittgenstein
  topic: keywords
subject: Analysis of ordinary language
  topic: keywords
subject: Philosophizing from the everyday
  topic: keywords
subject: Skepticism
  topic: keywords
creator: Carlos Germán Juliao Vargas
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-22
publication date: 2025-08-22
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2024.56243

Differences Between The Kantian Reflective Judgment And The Arendtian Reflective Judgment, And Its Rescue Through Understanding
type: item
description: Kantian teleological reflective judgment was one of the unfinished concepts of the Königsberg philosopher, but it served as a basis, within the construction of Hannah Arendt's political thought, especially in the analysis of the contemplative life that the life of the spirit recorded in her work, and where he not only delves into judgment but also about will and thinking. However, this article seeks to rescue the reflective judgment coined by Hannah Arendt and appreciate the conceptual advance that she made in this regard compared to the reflective judgment given by Immanuel Kant; Likewise, the relevance of this faculty for ourtimes, being rescued from another human faculty such as understanding.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Reflective judgment
  topic: keywords
subject: exemplary
  topic: keywords
subject: validity
  topic: keywords
subject: sociability
  topic: keywords
subject: understanding
  topic: keywords
creator: Hector Fabián ¨Pérez Boada
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-22
publication date: 2025-08-22
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2024.54624

An Impossible Encounter in the New intellectual History
type: item
description: The new intellectual history is the result of the impact of the linguistic turn in historiography, which has been particularly welcomed in England, France and Germany. This turn conceals a barrier that prevents dialogue: while political language relies on speech acts as the key tool, for the history of concepts the long duration is situated in a complicated methodological framework, and both abandon the history of ideas. Thus, in this article I will expose the unbridgeable difference between the history of ideas of the Cambridge and Bielefeld schools.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Individualism
  topic: keywords
subject: Holism
  topic: keywords
subject: Speech Acts
  topic: keywords
subject: Longe duree
  topic: keywords
subject: Social History
  topic: keywords
creator: Alfredo Pizano
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/m20q3e06

Silence as a bridge of communication between the Sacred and the profane from the thought of Giles Lipovesky and Raimon Panikkar
type: item
description: This text aims to expose the meaning of Silence and its connection with the Sacred as a constitutive part of the human being, as a human need to cross the borders of speech that fixes and delimits reality. For this, the ideas and postulates of Gilles Lipovestsky and Raimon Panikkar are presented. These authors, accompanied by the secondary voices of other thinkers of the 20th century, were defenders of the need for Silence and its connection with something Transcendent in the contemporary world, characterized by its noisy everyday life, attachment to the ephemeral and desacralized experiences.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sacred
  topic: keywords
subject: Silence
  topic: keywords
subject: Lipovetsky
  topic: keywords
subject: Panikkar
  topic: keywords
subject: Contemporary Philosophy
  topic: keywords
subject: Hypermodernity
  topic: keywords
creator: Roberto Gerardo Flores Olague
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/mv874y11

Complexity as indetermination
type: item
description: This paper claims that complexity consists in a process by which the world and the universe can be indetermined. Now, thinking about indeterminism consists, in other words, in reenchanting the world, a core idea in the center of complexity theory. Consequently, a brief state-of-the-art about indeterminism is sketched out, while point out that indeterminism is an extremely rare position both in science and philosophy. This paper explores the dimensions and reach of indeterminism, and highlights two, namely indetermination as ecology, and indetermination as the absence of time. The outcome is a counterintuitive picture of the world and the universe that allows understanding exactly what the complexity of life and nature consist of.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Indeterminism
  topic: keywords
subject: nature
  topic: keywords
subject: a timeless world
  topic: keywords
subject: reenchanting the world
  topic: keywords
subject: life
  topic: keywords
subject: an emerging new civilization
  topic: keywords
creator: Carlos Eduardo Maldonado
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/awk8xs17

The resurgence of sovereign power in the face of the pandemic
type: item
description: This article focuses on analyzing how the sovereign power of life and death was exercised during the COVID-19 pandemic in Costa Rica in 2020. The article tries to question the Foucauldian approach that sovereign power represents a attenuated power since it can be observed on the restrictions on mobility and the delegation of the decision on life and death in the medical power how the sovereign power continues in modern legal systems operating beyond the limits of the state of emergency.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: State of exception
  topic: keywords
subject: sovereign power
  topic: keywords
subject: medicine
  topic: keywords
subject: Biopolitics
  topic: keywords
subject: COVID-19
  topic: keywords
creator: Stuart Daniel Chavarría
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-22
publication date: 2025-08-22
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2024.55814

Life and death in The Seventh Seal. Reflections from a hermeneutical perspective
type: item
description: The essay below is a hermeneutical reflection that seeks to reach interpretations about the symbolic meaning manifest in the film “The Seventh Seal” by filmmaker Ingmar Bergman. There is no intention to impose a single interpretation, but rather a way of seeing cinema as a piece of art that provides aesthetic and philosophical references. The intention as well is to recognize the point of awareness in which we immerse ourselves when watching this film in relation to the experience of our own realities.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hermeneutics
  topic: keywords
subject: Being
  topic: keywords
subject: life
  topic: keywords
subject: death
  topic: keywords
subject: Aesthetics
  topic: keywords
creator: Arantza Monserra García Durán
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-22
publication date: 2025-08-22
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2024.56671

The place of art
type: item
description: This article deals simultaneously with a historical and a textual gap. The first corresponds to the moment between the dissolution of the Greek world and the establishment of the Christian world. The second corresponds to the moment between «art-religion» and the «manifested religion» in Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit (1807). Both gaps are thought of in close connection with the problem of the autonomy of art; which, in order to exist, prefigures a place. Following Jean-Luc Nancy, it is concluded that this place corresponds to the periods of immanence, of which there are above all two: Late Antiquity and Modernity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hegel
  topic: keywords
subject: aesthetics
  topic: keywords
subject: art autonomy
  topic: keywords
subject: inmanence
  topic: keywords
subject: Jean-Luc Nancy
  topic: keywords
creator: Daniel Fallas Fernández
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-22
publication date: 2025-08-22
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2024.58192

An Analysis of Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection from Leibniz’s Perspective
type: item
description: Charles Darwin published seven editions of The Origin of Species during his lifetime. Starting from the premise that said book is philosophical, Chapter IV of the work was analyzed here to find the elements underlying the explanation of natural selection throughout the seven editions. Using the criteria established by Leibniz in his Dissertation on the Philosophical Style of Nizolio, it was determined that the philosophical quality in the first edition is intermediate and increased in the following editions, mainly in the third compared to the second.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Leibniz
  topic: keywords
subject: Darwin
  topic: keywords
subject: Philosophical quality
  topic: keywords
subject: Biological evolution
  topic: keywords
subject: Natural selection
  topic: keywords
creator: Jorge Granados Zúñiga
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.64170

Gradual and categorical separation in the Phaedo
type: item
description: One of the problems for Plato's theory of Ideas is “separation.” And that this has a unique meaning. I propose that Plato saw “separation” non-univocally, believing that it occurs in two important ways. One that I will call “gradual” and another stronger that I will call “categorical”, and that the Phaedo shows these two different types of separation when talking about the soul. This leaves the door open to a moral interpretation of separation and contributes to diluting the mind-body problem. Also, it could support a non-univocal interpretation of the separation of the Forms.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Forms
  topic: keywords
subject: Separation
  topic: keywords
subject: Modality
  topic: keywords
subject: Soul
  topic: keywords
subject: Platón
  topic: keywords
creator: Jesús Alfonso Peña Raigoza
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-13
publication date: 2025-08-13
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.59671

The way of sensation: Notes on the aesthetics of painting in Merleau-Ponty
type: item
description: In this writing, we delve into some of Merleau-Ponty’s considerations regarding painting. The exploration will be guided by the notion of sensation, a concept that the philosopher adopts from the French painter Paul Cézanne. The aim is to elucidate how the author finds, in Cézanne and in modernist painting in general, a pathway to construct a new conception of sensory experience. This conception will be central to the philosopher’s later reflections, particularly those in which the ontological aspect of his philosophy is emphasized, mainly developed in The Visible and the Invisible.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sensation
  topic: keywords
subject: Experience
  topic: keywords
subject: Merleau-Ponty
  topic: keywords
subject: Cézanne
  topic: keywords
subject: Nature
  topic: keywords
creator: Nicolás Fagioli
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-13
publication date: 2025-08-13
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.59970

Mediation and Totality: Jameson and the Linguistic Turn
type: item
description: Although Fredric Jameson's work usually refers us to cultural objects of a literary or artistic nature, the scope of his theorization has reached other important contemporary discussions. Such is the case of the linguistic turn predominant in the field of the Philosophy of history in the last 50 years. His theory of narrative as a socially symbolic act, which adopts structuralist approaches in a dialectical matrix, distanced him from the rising narrativist positions, as well as from positions that do not sufficiently problematize narrative in historical knowledge. This article, in homage to the fundamental North American Marxist theorist, examines this problem in his conception of historiographical narrative, primarily considering his approaches in The Political Unconscious (1981) and The Valences of History (2009).
subject: Dossier I
  topic: section
subject: Fredric Jameson
  topic: keywords
subject: History
  topic: keywords
subject: Historiography
  topic: keywords
subject: Narrative
  topic: keywords
subject: Epistemological realism
  topic: keywords
subject: Temporality
  topic: keywords
creator: George García Quesada
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.65001

The Platonizing allegorization
type: item
description: This study investigates Christian (Valentinian) gnosis through Platonizing allegorization. This category serv:s as a key to Gnostic metaphysics (Judeo-Christian content), both for interpreting the Gnostic fragment of Oxyrhynchus no. 1081 and for examining Valentinian gnosis, the largest Gnostic corpus that has survived. To achieve this, the study provides the background, translation, and exegesis of the fragment. It is then interpreted and ultimately situated within the broader context of Valentinian gnosis, revealing this path as a particular alternative stemming from Plato's philosophy.
subject: Monograph
  topic: section
creator: Luis Diego Cascante Fallas
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-13
publication date: 2025-08-13
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.63452

Readings of Kant's "Anticipations of Perception": The Origin of the Philosophies of Intensity
type: item
description: The Kantian table of categories in the Critique of Pure Reason, which posits the a priori conditions of possible experience, has been subject to recurrent criticism regarding its perceived inability to account for the dynamic and contingent nature of empirical experience. This paper undertakes an analysis of the category of quality, as articulated in the «Anticipations of Perception» section, to demonstrate how Kant, by integrating the advancements of infinitesimal calculus and its treatment of variable magnitudes, provides a framework for reevaluating the transcendental apparatus. It is argued that this opening within the transcendental system informed the philosophies of Maimon, Cohen, and Deleuze, who aimed to modify the initial categorial rigidity and enable the transcendental to function as an «intensive spatium». Through a critical examination of the «Anticipations», it is shown that transcendental schematism, rather than being a rigid mechanism of object constitution, can accommodate elements of a «logic of emergence», wherein contingency, non-linear temporality, and intensity play constitutive roles. Consequently, the analysis of the category of quality reveals the hitherto underappreciated plasticity of the Kantian categorial system.
subject: Dossier II
  topic: section
subject: Kant
  topic: keywords
subject: Categories
  topic: keywords
subject: Trascendental
  topic: keywords
subject: Quality
  topic: keywords
subject: Intensity
  topic: keywords
creator: Alejandra Merino Mora
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.65006

Apocatastasis of the Mind
type: item
description: The objective is to assess whether Kant, by grounding the Critique of Pure Reason in the principle of significance, that is, the principle according to which there is no legitimate use of concepts unless they are related to the empirical conditions of their application, returns to an Aristotelian position on the mind. To this end, the cognitive architecture of transcendental dialectic is analyzed, with particular attention to the paralogisms and the consequent dismantling of the Cartesian rational doctrine of the soul. The central question is to determine whether, by overcoming the split between rationalism and empiricism, critical philosophy leans toward idealism or realism. Adopting the second path, the development will be explicitly based on the key postulates of Peter Strawson's classic essay (1975) on the limits of meaning and implicitly on the theoretical framework of Konstantin Pollok's recent work (2017) on the space of normativity—both dedicated to Kant's work. After outlining the elements of the logic of illusion in dogmatic metaphysics, the paper concludes by refuting the hypothesis of an Aristotelian return, as for Kant, the mind is never a substance.
subject: Dossier II
  topic: section
subject: understanding
  topic: keywords
subject: sensibility
  topic: keywords
subject: rationalism
  topic: keywords
subject: empiricism
  topic: keywords
subject: realism
  topic: keywords
creator: Jason Andrey Bonilla
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.65007

The Fundamental Kantian Aporia
type: item
description: My paper regards a Kantian dilemma: either we omit the claim that (p) there are things in itself, because we must omit every assertion without epistemic justification, or we omit the claim, essential from the point of view of the Kantian theory of categories, that (q) categories only have cognitive significance if they inform phenomena (at least one phenomenon). P places Immanuel Kant outside from ontological realism; q places Kant, outside from empiricism. But Kantian epistemology is a realistic empiricism. Therefore, this dilemma poses Immanuel Kant out of Kantianism, that is, it compels Kant to give up Kantian epistemology.
subject: Dossier II
  topic: section
subject: Category
  topic: keywords
subject: Consistency
  topic: keywords
subject: Thing in itself
  topic: keywords
subject: Form
  topic: keywords
subject: kantian
  topic: keywords
subject: trascendental
  topic: keywords
creator: Juan Diego Moya Bedoya
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.65008

On the Unfinished and Uncertain Paths of Logic
type: item
description: In the prologue of the second edition of the Critique of Pure Reason, Immanuel Kant offers a vision of logic as a science completely finished. Nevertheless, further advances have proven this Kantian idea wrong. The current work offers a discussion of non-monotonic logics and some of the philosophical presuppositions as an example of a formal system of very recent development with an interdisciplinary background that allows us to understand a particular class of inferences of human reasoning. In this sense, non-monotonic logics are a paradigmatic case which shows how distant is logic from being a perfect and finished science.
subject: Dossier II
  topic: section
subject: Kant
  topic: keywords
subject: Logic
  topic: keywords
subject: Reasoning
  topic: keywords
subject: no-monotonicity
  topic: keywords
subject: defeasibility
  topic: keywords
creator: Jorge Morales Delgado
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.65009

The Sensibility of the Subject as a Condition of Its Freedom: A Counterpoint Between Kant and Schiller
type: item
description: The philosophy of German idealism is influenced by the French Revolution, not only in its political dimension but also in the epistemological one. This article addresses the latter aspect, focusing on Friedrich Schiller´s aesthetics, highlighting how it becomes the former, as they are dialectically related. Consequently, the debate centers on how aesthetics constitutes an enlightened subjectivity. Schillerian subjectivity is studied through the role of autonomy, as it is fundamental to human freedom. Such a role implies a moral imperative, that is, an ethics aligns with the Enlightenment process marking the transition from the Medieval to the Moden era. Therefore, education becomes a central element in civic formation, based on Enlightenment aesthetics.
subject: Dossier II
  topic: section
subject: Sensitivity
  topic: keywords
subject: Freedom
  topic: keywords
subject: Subjectivity
  topic: keywords
subject: Enlightenment
  topic: keywords
subject: Aesthetics
  topic: keywords
creator: Darío Fragomeno González
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.65012

Undergraduate and graduate philosophy theses defended at the University of Costa Rica (1944–2024)
type: item
description: This paper aims to examine the dissertations presented in the field of philosophy at the University of Costa Rica during the years comprehended between1944 and 2024 in order to contribute with evidence that will broaden the proposal in the book Crítica de los guardianes del reino (Arlekín, 2018) wich argues that the seventies, in the twentieth century, had a significant impact as a new way to produce philosophy in Costa Rica.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Philosophy in Costa Rica
  topic: keywords
subject: Intellectual History
  topic: keywords
subject: Scientometrics
  topic: keywords
subject: Bibliometrics
  topic: keywords
creator: Ricardo J. Herrera Luna
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.64144

Racial Justice and Social Justice in The Indian Revolution
type: item
description: This article explores the relationship between racial justice and social justice in the context of Fausto Reinaga’s work, The Indian Revolution (1970). Reinaga’s critique underlines the need for a radical transformation of social structures to achieve true justice. This article uses a Latin American historicist perspective to argue that social justice cannot be fully achieved without racial justice, which would recognize and value the contributions of Indian subjects, in this particular case. Also, the figure of Túpac Amaru is considered as a precursor of social justice, offering a model to address the structural inequalities of Latin American societies.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Racial Justice
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Justice
  topic: keywords
subject: Fausto Reinaga
  topic: keywords
subject: Túpac Amaru
  topic: keywords
creator: Octavio Marino Pedoni
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.61794

Moishe Postone’s Theory of the Value-Form versus the Expanded Theory of Production/Reproduction of Life under Capitalism
type: item
description: The article approaches two contemporary critical perspectives, partially aligned with the philosophical-social legacy of the Frankfurt School, such as the theory of the value form of Moishe Postone and the theory of dynamic stabilization of Hartmut Rosa. Specifically, he argues that while the first is based on a conceptualization of historically specific social forms that models the structural foundations of the production/reproduction of life in capitalism, the second incorporates materialist concerns that collaborate with the updating of the Marxian critique of political economy based on the main challenges that currently dictates the planetarian condition.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: dynamic stabilization
  topic: keywords
subject: value-form
  topic: keywords
subject: Hartmut Rosa
  topic: keywords
subject: modernity
  topic: keywords
subject: Moishe Postone
  topic: keywords
creator: Agustín Aranco
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.63901

The Legal Discourse of the State of Emergency
type: item
description: In this research, the paradigm of the atomic bomb is used as an example to understand the changes in sociopolitical and economic dynamics caused by the emergence of imperceptible, self-threatening, and universal risks. This paradigm is utilized to demonstrate the foundation and operationalization of the state of exception under a legal discourse that employs scientific criteria as a mechanism of truth in governmental practice during exceptions. This relationship shows how risk serves as a paradigm to understand the attenuations and changes of the state of exception in Costa Rica, with respect to its scope of application and the exceptional powers of the Executive.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Risk
  topic: keywords
subject: State of emergency
  topic: keywords
subject: Costa Rica
  topic: keywords
subject: Police State
  topic: keywords
subject: Legal discourse
  topic: keywords
creator: Stuart Daniel Chavarría
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.61194

Artificial neural networks as regulatory devices in digital capitalism
type: item
description: This paper aims to analyze the role of artificial neural networks in contemporary surveillance and control dynamics, with a particular focus on the epistemic opacity that characterizes them. It argues that, although these technologies have been developed to optimize data extraction in digital capitalism, their opaque and decentralized nature has transformed surveillance into a more subtle and imperceptible phenomenon. Based on this analysis, it is suggested that ANNs can be interpreted within the Foucauldian framework as an update to disciplinary and biopolitical dispositives, expanding the ways in which power is exercised over individuals and populations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Artificial neural networks
  topic: keywords
subject: regulatory devices
  topic: keywords
subject: digital capitalism
  topic: keywords
subject: epistemic opacity
  topic: keywords
subject: hyperparameters
  topic: keywords
subject: Artificial neural netwoks
  topic: keywords
creator: Sara Alarcón
creator: Leandro Giri
creator: Erick Rubio
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.63199

Post-Darwinian Kantians and Post-Kantian Darwinians
type: item
description: In this article, I argue that Kant's work influenced the epistemology and science of the 19th and 20th centuries. This influence can be understood in both positive and negative ways. To address this, I consider two paradigmatic cases. The first is Thomas Kuhn, who defined himself as a «post-Darwinian Kantian» in his text, The Road since Structure. Kuhn is interesting in addressing the question of the meaning of this statement. The second case is Ernst Haeckel, who begins by criticizing Kant's dualist philosophy. The influence here is negative if we consider his monistic approach.
subject: Dossier II
  topic: section
subject: Kant
  topic: keywords
subject: Kuhn
  topic: keywords
subject: Haeckel
  topic: keywords
subject: Epistemology
  topic: keywords
subject: Metaphysics
  topic: keywords
subject: Science
  topic: keywords
creator: Adrián Josué Ramírez Jiménez
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.65011

Historical Jesus
type: item
description: This article examines the discrepancy between the historical Jesus and his representations in Western art, aesthetically transformed to reflect European features. Drawing on the analyses of John P. Meier and historical-critical studies by Antonio Piñero, Fernando Bermejo Rubio, and others, we discuss the ideological role of these images in reinforcing Eurocentric hegemony. Supported by philosophical aesthetics, we argue for the need to reassess these representations within a religious context as well, promoting an inclusive and historically accurate aesthetic that better reflects cultural diversity and provides a meaningful image of Jesus for marginalized communities.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Historical Jesus
  topic: keywords
subject: Aesthetics
  topic: keywords
subject: Cultural hegemony
  topic: keywords
subject: Eurocentrism
  topic: keywords
subject: Artistic representation
  topic: keywords
creator: Hudson Silva Lourenço
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.60818

The concept of the person in the philosophy of Robert Spaemann
type: item
description: The question about the meaning of being a person has been present throughout the history of humanity, with great concern arising in investigating the origin of the human being, the qualities that make it different from other living beings, among other concerns. For this reason, the present work aims to construct a general review of the concept of person, a central theme in the philosophy of Robert Spaemann. To do this, it is important to review his thought on topics about the nature of being, the reasons why he considers every man as a person and the exclusive qualities of this same one.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Person
  topic: keywords
subject: Dignity
  topic: keywords
subject: Man
  topic: keywords
subject: Moral
  topic: keywords
subject: Quality
  topic: keywords
subject: Humanity
  topic: keywords
creator: Julia Isabel Figueroa Gonzalez
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.60995

An Approach to Schoenberg's Twelve-Tone Method from Schopenhauer's Musical Metaphysics
type: item
description: This article arises from a fundamental question: How could twelve-tone music be conceived within Schopenhauer's philosophical system? To answer this, the article begins by describing the metaphysical and aesthetic foundation of Schopenhauer's musical conception. Next, some key points of Schoenberg's twelve-tone method are presented, along with its representation in a musical work. Finally, this compositional method is introduced into that philosophical system, leading to two mutually exclusive interpretations: 1- Twelve-tone music as music that produces suffering (related to the minor key). 2- Twelve-tone music as noise.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Manuel Mora Calvo
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-14
publication date: 2025-08-14
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2025.64262

Kuhn and Feyerabend
type: item
description: We explore the revolutionary ideas of Thomas Kuhn and Paul Feyerabend in the context of the philosophy of science. Both challenged traditional conceptions of science, advocating for a more human, critical and pluralistic vision of the discipline and interrogating its epistemological, metaphysical and ontological foundations from a historiographic, sociological and cultural perspective, agreeing that science is a complex and human enterprise diverse that benefits from the plurality of approaches and openness to new perspectives, so only plural openness can contribute to a richer social understanding of scientific activity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: revolt epistemological anarchism
  topic: keywords
subject: Science historicist
  topic: keywords
subject: incompatibility
  topic: keywords
subject: scientific method
  topic: keywords
subject: Science
  topic: keywords
creator: Carlos Alberto Navarro Fuentes
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/
date: 2025-08-22
publication date: 2025-08-22
doi: 10.15517/revfil.2024.57200