Bacteria associated with the alga Ulva lactuca (Ulvaceae) from the Colombian Caribbean and their laccase activity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/8pkmas90Keywords:
seaweed, culturable marine bacterial diversity, biological substance of interest, laccase screeningAbstract
Introduction: Marine macroalgae, their associated bacteria and the environment, interact to produce compounds that aid the holobiont in adapting to biotic and abiotic challenges. These compounds include several novel enzymes with industrial applications and with less environmental impact than industrial chemical reactions. Laccases are an example of enzymes that are of interest due to their wide range applications, and their versatility is a subject of research and exploration. Despite the abundance of macroalgal holobionts in the Caribbean region of Colombia, little is known about the microorganisms associated with these hosts and their potential for biotechnology. Objective: To evaluate the epibiont and endobiont bacteria associated with the macroalga Ulva lactuca present in Santa Marta, Colombian Caribbean, and to search for laccase producers among them. Methods: Culture techniques were used to isolate bacteria from U. lactuca collected on February 27, 2023. The 16S rRNA region was sequenced to determine the identity of the different isolates. Lacase production was screened by inoculating the isolates in guaiacol medium, which was later confirmed in nutrient agar with 0.2 % dimethoxyphenol. Results: 118 isolates were obtained, of which 64 were epibionts and 54 were endobionts. 75 % were identified to genus and species level. The predominant epibiont isolates were Proteobacteria, especially Vibrio, while Firmicutes, with Bacillus, had a higher representation in the endobiont isolates. Laccase activity was found in 42 isolates including Enterobacter, Halomonas, Paenibacillus, Priestia, Pseudomonas, Shewanella, and Vibrio. Among them, endobionts related to Bacillus had the highest number of isolates positive for laccase. Conclusions: Proteobacteria and Firmicutes dominated the culturable bacterial community of U. lactuca. This study indicates that several bacterial genera associated with U. lactuca in the Colombian Caribbean are positive for laccase activity. Further research is needed to explore the potential industrial applications of these enzymes.
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