Biology of an introduced species of Pleco fish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) in a tropical freshwater ecosystem
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/mhtgnw19Keywords:
invasive species, Loricariidae, Nicaragua, Gonadosomatic index, fishingAbstract
Introduction: Loricariid species have been introduced in many countries in the world, causing negative ecosystem effects wherever they invade. Species from this family, also known as Pleco, have been recorded from Lake Nicaragua for several years. Objective: investigate basic aspects of the biology of Pleco in Lake Nicaragua, as an initial step to generating information to contribute to establishing management strategies for this species. Methods: We assessed relative abundance and relative weight, Gonadosomatic index (GSI), Capture optimization Index, Catch composition by Net type, and environmental variables. Results: 23 different species were captured, with the Pleco being the species represented in the greatest number of individuals and weight. Mature ovaries were observed throughout the year, except in July, GSI values were always high between September and June. High number of females were capture in September and October, as well as the period between March and May. The highest values of the capture optimization index were obtained in September and October. Additionally, the loricariids tended to prefer sites and times where water levels were deepest, potentially as a response to increased Río Frio’s flow. This aligns with the strategy of conserving energy by seeking areas of reduced water current. Conclusions: In the southeast of Lake Nicaragua, increases in Pleco (Hypostomus sp.) populations have been matched corresponding declines in the capture of species of commercial interest. As a result, switching to target the Pleco in the area could provide an opportunity for local fishers to extract an abundant resource and avoid the extraction of local species, as long as viable markets are developed for Pleco.
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