Morfología y anatomía del desarrollo larvario del pez tetra neón negro Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi (Characiformes: Characidae)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/2q40h220Palabras clave:
pez tetra, Characidae, larvas, crecimiento, acuarioResumen
Introducción: El tetra negro (Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi) es un pez ornamental popular y entender su desarrollo larval es crucial para las prácticas de acuicultura. Objetivo: Examinar las etapas de desarrollo durante el período larval del tetra negro producido en condiciones de laboratorio.
Métodos: Se tomaron muestras de larvas diariamente desde la eclosión hasta alcanzar la etapa juvenil. Cada ejemplar fue fotografiado y preparado para observaciones anatómicas. Resultados: Las observaciones morfológicas indicaron que la longitud total media (LT) de las larvas era de 2.77 ± 0.08 mm el primer día después de la eclosión (DAE) y aumentó a 12.26 ± 0.96 mm para los días 29-30º DAE, cuando alcanzaron la etapa juvenil. Inicialmente, las aletas estaban en una forma primordial, con la boca y el ano abriéndose en el 4to y 6to DAE, respectivamente. Las aletas anal y dorsal comenzaron a diferenciarse en el 10º y 14º DAE, coincidiendo con la finalización de la flexión del notocordio en el 12-13º DAE. La segunda vejiga natatoria se desarrolló en el 14º y 15º DAE, y la bifurcación de la aleta caudal se observó en el día 18. Las observaciones anatómicas indicaron cambios significativos en el proceso de desarrollo de las larvas de tetra negro. En el 1er DAE, el sistema digestivo de la larva del saco vitelino tenía la forma de un tubo largo y plano. A inicios del 3er día, la boca se había abierto y la vejiga natatoria aumentó notablemente, tomando forma de tubo dentro del canal digestivo. En el 5to día, el saco vitelino se había reabsorbido y comenzaron a desarrollarse el estómago y el intestino. Para el 10º día, el hígado reemplazó el saco vitelino, aumentando los pliegues del estómago y el intestino. La etapa juvenil comenzó en los días 29-30º DAE, marcando el final del proceso larval. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos proporcionan información esencial sobre los hitos morfológicos y desarrollo de las larvas de tetra negro, que son vitales para mejorar las técnicas de acuicultura y los protocolos de cría.
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