Revista de Ciencias Sociales

The duty of memory of the armed conflict: moving from the “I” to the “we” in Colombian society

Solanyer López Álvarez — 2025-03-04

This article presents the results of a research aimed at analyzing the meanings assigned to the events that occurred during the Colombian armed conflict, according to the accounts of victims, ex-combatants, and civil society, from their human experience. The study was based on hermeneutics with a narrative approach, which takes up Ricoeur’s triple mimesis; prefiguration, configuration and refiguration of the narrative plot. The results reveal that there are uncomfortable and disputed memories that require transcending the subjective and private realm of memory and truth, towards shared and collective memories and truths, which imply moving from an “I” to a “we”.

Illusionism, sleight of hand, ventriloquism and circus in Costa Rica (1941-1971)

Chester Urbina Gaitán — 2025-03-04

This article studies the importance of illusionism, sleight of hand, ventriloquism and circus shows in Costa Rica during the years from 1941 to 1971, in free time and in the process of cultural interaction of national social groups, mainly capitalians. For this purpose, a compilation was made from journalistic sources of the time of publications relating to the names of the artistic companies and artistic acts or numbers, places of presentation, names of artists and animals that were exhibited. The aforementioned shows were exhibited mainly in San José, so they were not witnessed in much of the country. Likewise, they had to compete with other amusements and entertainment that attracted the attention of the vallecentralino public such as soccer, theater and cinema.
The time period analyzed goes from 1941 to the founding of the Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports in 1971.

Two women and one destiny: Mexico

Ana María Fernández Poncela — 2025-03-04

The objective of this text is to provide a general account of figures and information about women presidents in the world and Latin America. It focuses on the candidates in the history of Mexico and the 2024 elections. To achieve this, a bibliographic and documentary review is conducted. The findings indicate that there are few women presidents in general and that the candidacies in Mexico have been reduced, also presented by political forces with little chance of victory. For the year 2024, two women have emerged with a real chance of triumph, so the destiny of one will be to preside over the country, and the destiny of Mexico to be governed by a woman.

Collective Action and the New Normal: Social Movements and the Post-Pandemic Future

Enrique Fernández-Vilas — 2025-03-04

This paper offers a review of Pedro Ibarra Güell’s work, focusing on social movements in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The book under review, ¿Tienen -otrofuturo los movimientos sociales? published in 2021, reflects on how the global health crisis has reconfigured social movements and their strategies. Ibarra examines how uncertainty and changing circumstances have impacted social mobilization, highlighting the emergence of new social cultures seeking broader demands, ranging from global issues to everyday life. The author suggests that as social movements face new challenges, they adapt their strategies to respond to changing conflict scenarios.

Agroecology and social sciences: challenges for a paradigmatic transition in agri-food production

Gerardo Enrique Cerdas Vega — 2025-03-04

The essay argues for the need to reconsider the role and contribution of social sciences in the transition towards a new paradigm for agri-food production, which implies a shift from the model of industrial agriculture towards agroecology. In order to provide a contextual perspective of the required change, a systemic perspective is adopted, highlighting the potential of agroecology as a transdisciplinary approach to drive this transformation. It concludes by highlighting various areas where the social sciences can contribute to a necessary change in the way food is produced, exchanged, and consumed, which is fundamental to our collective existence.

Narratives of sexuality and acquired brain injury (ABI): changes in emotional ties, double invisibility and resignifications

Daniella Víquez Sancho — 2025-03-04

The experience of sexuality of people with ABI (acquired brain damage) usually remains secondary and is sometimes made invisible in rehabilitation and treatment. In this qualitative-exploratory research with thematic analysis from interviews, the disruption of emotional ties is delved into, it’s also found the resignification of pleasure in new ways.

Benevolent Sexism and Hostile Sexism in risky eating behaviors: the mediating role of body dissatisfaction

Marcela León-Madrigal — 2025-03-04

The mediating role of Body Image (BI) dissatisfaction in the effect of Benevolent Sexism (BS) and Hostile Sexism (HS) on Disordered Eating Behaviors (DEB) in
women was studied. Data were collected between August 2021 and April 2022 in a public technical education institution located in the city of Cartago, Costa Rica. Four hundred, questionnaires were administered to female students at the institution through a Google Forms link sent to the participants’ institutional email addresses. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used. It was found that BI dissatisfaction mediated the entire effect of BS on REB. HS showed no direct or indirect effects.

Individual-society dialectic

Roberto Ayala Saavedra — 2025-03-04

The article addresses a theoretical issue: the relationship ‘individual/society’ in sociological theory, from a dialectical perspective. It reviews some of the main conceptual approaches and critically addresses their arguments. It focuses on a critique of ‘holism’ and especially of methodological individualism, presenting a proposal for an adequate articulation.

History and memory: political and identity constructions

María Fernanda Arguedas Abarca — 2025-03-04

In the central theme of this issue, “History and memory: political and identity constructions,” we have the collaboration of López, who analyzes narratives that reflect a reconstruction of memories associated with the Colombian armed conflict, highlighting the diversity of experiences among victims, ex-combatants and human rights defenders. These individual narratives are intertwined with collective and ethical dynamics, challenging dichotomous divisions and promoting the construction of shared truths. Emphasis is placed on memory as a dynamic and subjective process that connects the past with the present and projects possible futures. It raises the need to transcend individual narratives towards a collective “we,” recognizing shared responsibilities and wounds. Reconciliation requires collective mourning for the losses of the armed conflict, integrating new generations into a common memory. Urbina's article examines the relevance of illusionism, sleight of hand, ventriloquism, and circus shows in Costa Rica between 1941 and 1971, pointing out their impact on the entertainment and cultural interaction of the urban population, especially in San José, with the support of journalistic sources that document companies, artists, and acts that were part of this cultural scene. During this period, these forms of entertainment competed with popular activities such as soccer, theater, and cinema, limiting their diffusion to other regions of the country. The lack of state support for these companies is evident, as well as the economic challenges they faced due to high operating costs and low public attendance. These shows, through national and foreign artists, contributed to the cultural interaction and leisure of Costa Rican society. The foundation of the Ministry of Culture in 1971 marked an end point for this entertainment period, reflecting a change in the country's cultural policies. Furthermore, Fernández addresses the role of women presidents in Latin America, with a specific focus on the presidential candidates in Mexico and the context of the 2024 elections. A historical review of Latin American women leaders is resented, outlining the trajectories, challenges, and sociopolitical contexts they faced. In the case of Mexico, the study analyzes the six women who ran in previous elections and details the profile of the two main candidates for 2024: Claudia Sheinbaum and Xóchitl Gálvez, who represent antagonistic political options. The study examines historical figures that reveal the low female representation in executive positions, despite growth in other political areas, such as the legislative ones. It is highlighted that many female candidates in Mexico have competed with little chance of success due to the political forces that nominated them. The fact that a woman presides over Mexico has a profound symbolic meaning for gender equality and the social imaginary, consolidating another step in female participation in the executive branch.

Collaborators 185

Revista Ciencias Sociales — 2025-03-04

Collaborators 185