Factores clínicos, epidemiológicos y orales relacionados en pacientes con mucormicosis post-COVID-19: una revisión sistemática de reportes de casos

Autores/as

  • Guillermo Cano-Verdugo Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición. Calle Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño No. 905, Col. Mitras Centro, CP. 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México. Universidad Científica del Sur, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y Salud, Carrera de Estomatología. Ctra. Panamericana Sur Km. 19, Villa El Salvador, CP. 15067, Lima, Perú. Autor/a https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4905-1939
  • Manuel López Cabanillas-Lomelí Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición. Calle Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño No. 905, Col. Mitras Centro, CP. 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México. Autor/a https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6033-3654
  • Myriam Angélica De la Garza-Ramos Universidad Científica del Sur, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y Salud, Carrera de Estomatología. Ctra. Panamericana Sur Km. 19, Villa El Salvador, CP. 15067, Lima, Perú. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Odontología. Calle Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño y Silao, Col. Mitras Centro, CP. 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México. Autor/a https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0792-3695
  • Georgina Mayela Núñez-Rocha Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición. Calle Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño No. 905, Col. Mitras Centro, CP. 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México. Autor/a https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5789-774X
  • José Ángel Hernández-Mariano Hospital Juárez de México, División de Investigación. Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 5160, Col. Magdalena de las Salinas, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, CP. 07760, Ciudad de México, México. Autor/a https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0339-5610
  • María Natividad Ávila-Ortíz Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición. Calle Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño No. 905, Col. Mitras Centro, CP. 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México. Autor/a https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6164-4000

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15517/avtefb51

Palabras clave:

Mucormicosis; Reportes de casos; COVID-19; Medicina oral; Revisión sistemática; Salud bucal.

Resumen

La mucormicosis oral se ha convertido en un problema relevante debido al aumento de casos durante la pandemia de COVID-19, posiblemente asociado a la inmunosupresión inducida por corticosteroides. Este estudio revisa reportes de casos con el objetivo de identificar y describir los factores clínicos y epidemiológicos asociados a la mucormicosis post-COVID-19 desde una perspectiva odontológica. Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en las bases de datos PubMed, Google Scholar, DOAJ y NIH Library, obteniéndose 32 reportes de casos relevantes a partir de un total inicial de 180. La edad promedio de los pacientes fue de 53 años, y el 21.9% presentó un diagnóstico confirmado de COVID-19 un mes antes de la detección de mucormicosis. El uso de corticosteroides se reportó en el 65.6% de los casos. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron dolor (65.6%), tumefacción (21.9%) y dolor ocular (12.5%), siendo la anfotericina B el tratamiento más utilizado (59.4%). Se observaron manifestaciones orales como exposición del hueso maxilar (21.9%) y abscesos dentales (31.3%). Este estudio resalta una posible relación entre el uso de corticosteroides y la mucormicosis, a pesar de las limitaciones en la consistencia de los reportes y la escasa información de seguimiento, proporcionando información valiosa para el manejo clínico de la mucormicosis post-COVID-19.

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Publicado

2025-09-05