Alta prevalencia de hipersensibilidad dentinaria autorreportada y sus factores asociados en estudiantes universitarios peruanos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/evntr522Palabras clave:
Hipersensibilidad dentinaria; Estudiantes; Factores de riesgo; Prevalencia; Estudios transversales.Resumen
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la prevalencia de hipersensibilidad dentinaria autorreportada y su asociación con factores sociodemográficos, clínicos, odontológicos, dietéticos y de estilo de vida en estudiantes universitarios peruanos. Se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal y analítico en una muestra de 600 estudiantes que completaron un cuestionario digital autoadministrado y validado, compuesto por 37 ítems distribuidos en cinco dimensiones, además de una sección específica sobre hipersensibilidad dentinaria. La variable de desenlace fue la sensibilidad dentaria autorreportada, definida como la presencia de dolor frente a estímulos térmicos, mecánicos o químicos, reconociendo las limitaciones inherentes al uso de medidas autorreportadas. La prevalencia global fue del 68,5 %, y el 39,4 % de los participantes reportó sensibilidad frente a dos o más estímulos. En los análisis bivariados, la hipersensibilidad se asoció significativamente con la acidez estomacal, la boca seca y el consumo frecuente de alimentos ácidos, mientras que el ronquido y el antecedente de tratamiento ortodóntico mostraron tendencias marginales. En el modelo multivariado de regresión logística, la acidez estomacal (OR=1,86; IC95 %: 1,26-2,73), la boca seca (OR=2,16; IC95 %: 1,37-3,42) y el ronquido (OR=1,65; IC95 %: 1,02-2,68) se mantuvieron como factores asociados independientes. El modelo final mostró un buen ajuste global y alta sensibilidad, aunque baja especificidad, con una capacidad discriminativa moderada (AUC=0,668). En conclusión, la hipersensibilidad dentinaria autorreportada en estudiantes universitarios presentó una alta prevalencia y se asoció principalmente con acidez estomacal, boca seca y ronquido, además de mostrar tendencias relacionadas con el uso de brackets y el consumo frecuente de alimentos ácidos, y los resultados deben interpretarse considerando las limitaciones propias de los datos autorreportados.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Carolina Corrales-Mattos-Simão, Gabriela M. Castro-Núñez, Serey D. Portilla-Miranda, Zaida Moya-de-Calderón, Milton C. Kuga, Wilfredo G. Escalante-Otárola.
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