Efecto del precalentamiento, la barrera de glicerina y los protocolos de pulido sobre las características superficiales de resinas compuestas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/m20fwq39Palabras clave:
Resina compuesta; Precalentamiento; Barrera de glicerina; Capa inhibida por oxígeno; Rugosidad superficial; Pulido.Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la influencia del precalentamiento, la aplicación de una barrera de glicerina y los protocolos de pulido sobre la rugosidad superficial de resinas compuestas microhíbridas y con relleno submicrométrico. Ochenta terceros molares humanos extraídos fueron preparados con cavidades Clase I estandarizadas y restaurados con Enamel Plus HRi (microhíbrida) o Estelite Sigma Quick (relleno submicrométrico). Los especímenes se dividieron en grupos precalentados (55 °C) y no precalentados; posteriormente se asignaron a cuatro subgrupos: (1) solo pulido, (2) pulido + glicerina, (3) solo glicerina y (4) control. Todas las restauraciones fueron fotopolimerizadas con una unidad LED. La morfología superficial se analizó mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB) y se determinaron los valores de Ra. Los datos se analizaron mediante ANOVA de una vía y prueba post hoc de Tukey (p<0,05). La MEB mostró que los especímenes protegidos con glicerina presentaron superficies más limpias, con reducción de detritos asociados a la capa inhibida por oxígeno (OIL, oxygen-inhibited layer). El precalentamiento produjo de manera consistente superficies más lisas y menos porosas en todos los protocolos. El pulido redujo significativamente los valores de Ra en todos los grupos, observándose los valores más bajos en el grupo "pulido + glicerina" (0,83±0,01 µm en Enamel Plus HRi precalentado; 1,09±0,02 µm en Estelite Sigma Quick no precalentado). La aplicación de glicerina sin pulido mejoró la polimerización, pero no redujo significativamente los valores de Ra. Los controles presentaron la mayor rugosidad superficial (hasta 5,20±0,61 µm). En conjunto, la combinación de precalentamiento, aplicación de barrera de glicerina y pulido produjo las superficies de resina compuesta más lisas. La glicerina mejoró la química superficial al reducir la capa inhibida por oxígeno, mientras que el pulido fue esencial para nivelar las protrusiones del relleno y las irregularidades superficiales.
Descargas
Referencias
Alharbi G., Al Nahedh H.N., Al-Saud L.M., Shono N., Maawadh A. Effect of different finishing and polishing systems on surface properties of universal single shade resin-based composites. BMC Oral Health. 2024 Feb 7; 24 (1): 197.
Erturk-Avunduk A.T., Atılan-Yavuz S., Filiz H., Cengiz-Yanardag E. A comparative study of polishing systems on optical properties and surface roughness of additively manufactured and conventional resin based composites. Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 27; 14 (1): 25658.
Pawar P., Gulve M., Aher G., Kolhe S., Pramaod J. Spectrophotometric evaluation of staining of different types of light-cure composite resins after exposure with different light-cure intensities: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent. 2022; 25 (5): 510.
Lopes L.C.P., Terada R.S.S., Tsuzuki F.M., Giannini M, Hirata R. Heating and preheating of dental restorative materials—a systematic review. Clin Oral Invest. 2020 Dec; 24 (12): 4225-35.
Bhopatkar J., Ikhar A., Nikhade P., Chandak M., Agrawal P. An In-depth Analysis of the Effects of Preheating Three Different Composite Resin Systems at Two Different Temperatures on Their Microhardness. Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University. 2023 Oct; 18 (4): 727-32.
Elkaffass A., Eltoukhy R., Elnegoly S., Mahmoud S. Influence of preheating on mechanical and surface properties of nanofilled resin composites. J Clin Exp Dent. 2020; e494-500.
Marigo L., Nocca G., Fiorenzano G., Callà C., Castagnola R., Cordaro M., et al. Influences of Different Air-Inhibition Coatings on Monomer Release, Microhardness, and Color Stability of Two Composite Materials. BioMed Research International. 2019 May 9; 2019: 1-8.
Lim J.H., Lee S.Y., Gu H., Jin G., Kim J.E. Evaluating oxygen shielding effect using glycerin or vacuum with varying temperature on 3D printed photopolymer in post-polymerization. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials. 2022 June; 130: 105170.
Gaviria-Martinez A., Castro-Ramirez L., Ladera-Castañeda M., Cervantes-Ganoza L., Cachay-Criado H., Alvino-Vales M., et al. Surface roughness and oxygen inhibited layer control in bulk-fill and conventional nanohybrid resin composites with and without polishing: in vitro study. BMC Oral Health. 2022 Dec; 22 (1): 258.
Jaramillo-Cartagena R., López-Galeano E.J., Latorre-Correa F., Agudelo-Suárez A.A. Effect of Polishing Systems on the Surface Roughness of Nano-Hybrid and Nano-Filling Composite Resins: A Systematic Review. Dentistry Journal. 2021 Aug 12; 9 (8): 95.
Chowdhury D., Mukherjee S., Maity I., Mazumdar P. Surface roughness and microhardness evaluation of composite resin restorations subjected to three different polishing systems immediately and after 24 h: An in vitro study. Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics. 2023 Nov; 26 (6): 639-45.
Altınışık H., Özyurt E. Effect of different polishing systems on surface roughness and gloss values of single-shade resin composites. BMC Oral Health. 2024 Nov 15; 24 (1): 1391.
Aktu A., Ulusoy N. Effect of Polishing Systems on the Surface Roughness and Color Stability of Aged and Stained Bulk-Fill Resin Composites. Materials. 2024 July 19; 17 (14): 3576.
Augusto M.G., De Andrade G.S., Mathias-Santamaria I.F., Dal Piva A.M.D.O., Tribst J.P.M. Comparison of Polishing Systems on the Surface Roughness of Resin Based Composites Containing Different Monomers. J Compos Sci. 2022 May 17; 6 (5): 146.
Kaminedi R., Penumatsa N., Priya T., Baroudi K. The influence of finishing/polishing time and cooling system on surface roughness and microhardness of two different types of composite resin restorations. J Int Soc Prevent Communit Dent. 2014; 4 (5): 99.
Poubel D.L.D.N., Da Silva R.C., Ribeiro A.P.D., Garcia F.C.P. Effect of preheating on the viscosity of composite resins. Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics. 2024 Apr; 27 (4): 360-5.
Daronch M., Rueggeberg F.A., De Goes M.F. Monomer Conversion of Pre-heated Composite. J Dent Res. 2005 July; 84 (7): 663-7.
Lucey S., Lynch C.D., Ray N.J., Burke F.M., Hannigan A. Effect of pre-heating on the viscosity and microhardness of a resin composite. J of Oral Rehabilitation. 2010 Apr; 37 (4): 278-82.
Ayub KV, Santos GC, Rizkalla AS, Bohay R, Pegoraro LF, Rubo JH, et al. Effect of preheating on microhardness and viscosity of 4 resin composites. J Can Dent Assoc. 2014; 80: e12.
Patussi A.F.C., Ramacciato J.C., Da Silva J.G.R., Nascimento V.R.P., Campos D.E.S., De Araújo Ferreira Munizz I., et al. Preheating of dental composite resins: A scoping review. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2023 June; 35 (4): 646-56.
Mitra A., Sharma S., Bhattacharyya A., Majumder G., Bhattacharyya S., Mazumdar R. Comparative evaluation of interfacial adaptation of the fiber posts using different adhesive systems: An scanning electron microscope study. Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics. 2025 Oct; 28 (10): 1045-9.
Bollenl C.M.L., Lambrechts P., Quirynen M. Comparison of surface roughness of oral hard materials to the threshold surface roughness for bacterial plaque retention: A review of the literature. Dental Materials. 1997 July;13 (4): 258-69.
Erdemir U., Sancakli H.S., Yildiz E. The effect of one-step and multi-step polishing systems on the surface roughness and microhardness of novel resin composites. Eur J Dent. 2012 Apr; 6 (2): 198-205.
Hassan A., Nabih S., Mossa H., Baroudi K. The effect of three polishing systems on surface roughness of flowable, microhybrid, and packable resin composites. J Int Soc Prevent Communit Dent. 2015; 5 (3): 242.
Park H.H., Lee I.B. Effect of glycerin on the surface hardness of composites after curing. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2011; 36 (6): 483.
Carrillo-Marcos A., Salazar-Correa G., Castro-Ramirez L., Ladera-Castañeda M., López-Gurreonero C., Cachay-Criado H., et al. The Microhardness and Surface Roughness Assessment of Bulk-Fill Resin Composites Treated with and without the Application of an Oxygen-Inhibited Layer and a Polishing System: An In Vitro Study. Polymers. 2022 July 28; 14 (15): 3053.
Ciocan L.T., Biru E.I., Vasilescu V.G., Ghitman J., Stefan A.R., Iovu H., et al. Influence of Air-Barrier and Curing Light Distance on Conversion and Micro-Hardness of Dental Polymeric Materials. Polymers. 2022 Dec 7; 14 (24): 5346.
Khabadze Z.S., Abdulkerimova S.M., Drobyshev S.V., Borlakova M.M., Magomedova KhM. Investigation of the surface of light-curing dental materials after pre-polymerization heating. Èndodontiâ today. 2024 Jan 17; 21 (4): 252-62.
Kameyama A., Nakazawa T., Haruyama A., Haruyama C., Hosaka M., Hirai Y. Influence of Finishing/Polishing Procedures on the Surface Texture of Two Resin Composites. TODENTJ. 2008 Mar 12; 02 (1): 56-60.
Tepe H., Erdılek A., Sahın M., Efes B., Yaman B. Effect of different polishing systems and speeds on the surface roughness of resin composites. J Conserv Dent. 2023; 26 (1): 36.
Lippert VF, Bresciani E, Mota EG, Bittencourt HR, Kramer PF, Spohr AM. In vitro comparison of one-step, two-step, and three-step polishing systems on the surface roughness and gloss of different resin composites. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2024 May; 36 (5): 785-95.
Khabadze Z.S., Dashtieva M.Y., Borlakova M.M., Urazgulov A.K., Smirnov D.P., Kozlova Z.V., et al. Comparison of the clinical parameters of restorations performed with total-etch and self-etch adhesive techniques. Èndodontiâ today. 2024 Apr 4; 22 (1): 39-50.
Ruivo M.A., Pacheco R.R., Sebold M., Giannini M. Surface roughness and filler particles characterization of resin-based composites. Microscopy Res & Technique. 2019 Oct; 82 (10): 1756-67.
Mandal P., Laha A., Roy P.K. Effect of different concentrations of community water fluoride on composite resin: Field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics. 2025 Oct; 28 (10): 1027-33.
Oliveira G.U.D., Mondelli R.F.L., Charantola Rodrigues M., Franco E.B., Ishikiriama S.K., Wang L. Impact of filler size and distribution on roughness and wear of composite resin after simulated toothbrushing. J Appl Oral Sci. 2012 Oct; 20 (5): 510-6.
Marghalani H.Y. Effect of filler particles on surface roughness of experimental composite series. J Appl Oral Sci. 2010 Feb; 18 (1): 59-67.
Karaaslan G., Fidan M., Ayar M.K. Effect of Caps Warmer and VisCalor Dispenser preheating on the color stability and surface roughness of resin composites after coffee immersion: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health. 2025 July 5; 25 (1): 1110.
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Zurab Khabadze, Oleg Mordanov, Vini Mehta.
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
ODOVTOS - Int. J. Dent. Sc. endorses CC BY-NC-SA
This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. If you remix, adapt, or build upon the material, you must license the modified material under identical terms. CC BY-NC-SA includes the following elements:
BY: credit must be given to the creator.
NC: Only noncommercial uses of the work are permitted.
SA: Adaptations must be shared under the same terms.
