Revisión integrativa del efecto del tratamiento con alineadores transparentes en pacientes con bruxismo relacionado con dolor de los músculos masticatorios
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/735pvp51Palabras clave:
Medicina; Dolor de los músculos masticatorios; Bruxismo; Alineadores transparentes; Trastornos temporomandibulares.Resumen
El bruxismo puede provocar fracturas dentales, abrasión, movilidad dental, complicaciones protésicas, trastornos temporomandibulares, dolor de los músculos masticatorios, fatiga e hipertrofia muscular. Los alineadores transparentes pueden inducir apretamiento dental o bruxismo, lo que incrementa la actividad de los músculos masticatorios y puede agravar los síntomas relacionados con los trastornos temporomandibulares. Esta revisión tuvo como objetivo evaluar el impacto de la terapia con alineadores transparentes sobre el dolor de los músculos masticatorios en pacientes con bruxismo. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en tres bases de datos electrónicas: PubMed, SCOPUS y Cochrane Library, incluyendo artículos publicados entre 2019 y 2024. La selección de los estudios siguió los criterios PICO, y se incluyeron aquellos que abordaban la relación entre el uso de alineadores transparentes y la actividad muscular en pacientes con bruxismo. De un total inicial de 4.836 registros, 13 estudios cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Los hallazgos indican que, aunque los alineadores transparentes pueden causar molestias generales en todos los pacientes, su uso en individuos con bruxismo se asocia con una reducción del dolor de los músculos masticatorios, respaldada por una disminución de la actividad electromiográfica de superficie. En conclusión, la terapia con alineadores transparentes parece reducir el dolor de los músculos masticatorios y la actividad muscular en pacientes con bruxismo.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Amelia Diah Pratiwi, Syarafina Dipta Putranti, Chairul Muhtadin Dwi Burhani, Yonas Aditya Hendarto, Ananda Nan Fitrah, Diana Cahyo Fitri Utami, Angga Nugraha, Paramita Noviasari, Francisco José Vázquez-Santos, Ananto Ali Alhasyimi.
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