Lesión verrucosa del paladar que simuló candidiasis y reveló un carcinoma escamoso oral bien diferenciado: Reporte de caso
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/akbfw433Palabras clave:
Carcinoma de células escamosas; Cavidad oral; Biopsia; Tomografía computarizada; Adulto mayor.Resumen
El carcinoma de células escamosas oral (CIE 10 C05.0) es la neoplasia maligna más frecuente de la cavidad oral, con elevada mortalidad y pronóstico reservado. Su diagnóstico temprano es fundamental para mejorar la supervivencia, especialmente en adultos mayores. Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 90 años que acudió a consulta por un “bulto en el paladar”. La evaluación clínica reveló una lesión ulcerada y verrucosa en el maxilar superior izquierdo, inicialmente tratada como candidiasis sin mejoría, lo que retrasó el diagnóstico definitivo y motivó la suspensión del uso de prótesis total. Se realizó una biopsia incisional, cuyo estudio histopatológico confirmó un carcinoma de células escamosas bien diferenciado, considerando como diagnóstico diferencial una hiperplasia pseudoepiteliomatosa reactiva. La tomografía mostró rebordes irregulares y compromiso óseo, hallazgos compatibles con la invasividad local del tumor. La evolución postoperatoria fue favorable y la paciente fue derivada a tratamiento oncológico mediante su seguro de salud. Este caso enfatiza la importancia de la correlación clínica, radiográfica e histopatológica en el diagnóstico de lesiones orales sospechosas, así como la necesidad de realizar biopsias tempranas en lesiones persistentes o progresivas, particularmente en adultos mayores portadores de prótesis dentales.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Willmer José Baldárrago Salas, Kenyo Sebastian Samayani Baldárrago, Gilberto Centeno San Román, Mauricio Postigo Mac Dowall, Wilfredo Gustavo Escalante Otárola.
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