Adenoma pleomórfico ectópico de la región cervical: Reporte de caso con información clínica, radiológica y embriológica integrada
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/xh5dce40Palabras clave:
Adenoma pleomórfico; Masa cervical lateral; Patología de cabeza y cuello.Resumen
El adenoma pleomórfico (AP) es la neoplasia benigna de glándulas salivales más común. Su desarrollo en tejido salival ectópico de la región lateral del cuello es excepcionalmente infrecuente, clínicamente engañoso y conlleva un bajo, aunque documentado, potencial de transformación maligna. Comprender la base embriológica de la heterotopia salival cervical es esencial para un diagnóstico preciso. Un hombre de 54 años presentó una masa cervical lateral izquierda indolora y de lento crecimiento. Las imágenes y la citología por aspiración con aguja fina preoperatoria sugirieron una neoplasia benigna de tipo salival. Se realizó una escisión quirúrgica completa de la masa con la cápsula intacta. La histopatología final y la inmunohistoquímica confirmaron el diagnóstico de adenoma pleomórfico que surge en tejido salival heterotópico, sin continuidad con las glándulas salivales mayores. No se detectó recurrencia a los 12 meses de seguimiento. El AP ectópico debe considerarse en el diagnóstico diferencial de las masas cervicales laterales izquierdas. Se recomienda la escisión completa y la vigilancia a largo plazo debido al riesgo de recurrencia tardía y transformación maligna. También se proporcionan conocimientos embriológicos y moleculares sobre su patogénesis.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Ernesto Bruno, Fabio Luciani, Pietro Tatangelo, Bora Kerpi, Carla Sgroi, Ermal Pashaj, Filadelfo Coniglione, Tommaso Perretta, Erina Alushi.
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