Uso de protector tiroideo en tomografía computarizada de haz cónico: revisión narrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/ijds.2025.65020Palabras clave:
Protección radiológica; Tomografía computarizada de haz cónico; Guía; Radiación ionizante; Glándula tiroides; Radiografía dental; Dosis de radiación.Resumen
El objetivo de la presente revisión narrativa fue analizar la evidencia y recomendaciones internacionales sobre el uso de protector tiroideo (PT) en exámenes con tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (TCHC). La búsqueda se realizó en tres bases de datos electrónicas (PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science) en idioma inglés desde el año 2010 en adelante. Esta búsqueda incluyó artículos que contuvieran recomendaciones o beneficios del uso de PT en TCHC, así como aquellos que desaconsejaran su uso. La búsqueda complementaria se basó en la revisión de guías, recomendaciones o artículos de organismos internacionales y de revistas de referencia mundial, publicados en su página oficial de internet. De los 23 artículos revisados, 19 indican que el uso del PT en TCHC reduce las dosis de radiación ionizante en los pacientes o recomiendan su uso en estos exámenes, ya que proporciona un beneficio al paciente. Sin embargo, algunos artículos señalan casos específicos en los que no se aconseja su uso. Por otro lado, dos artículos, del Instituto Británico de Radiología y la Agencia de Seguridad Sanitaria del Reino Unido no recomiendan el uso del PT en exámenes con TCHC, excepto en casos específicos. Finalmente, dos artículos, ambos de la Asociación Dental Americana, se oponen al uso de PT en todos los exámenes radiográficos maxilofaciales, incluyendo TCHC. No existe consenso entre los artículos revisados con respecto a las recomendaciones o beneficios del uso de PT en exámenes con TCHC. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los artículos reportan una reducción en las dosis de radiación o bien recomiendan su uso. En algunos casos, el uso de PT puede disminuir la calidad de la imagen, lo que representa un desafío para el operador al momento de decidir su aplicación en estos exámenes.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Andrea Carrasco M, Lucía Barba R., Alejandro Hidalgo R.
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