Explorando el potencial de los probióticos en odontología: una revisión de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/ijds.2024.59138Palabras clave:
Odontología; Salud bucodental; Probióticos.Resumen
Describir la literatura científica sobre los usos y la aplicación de los probióticos en odontología. Se realizó una búsqueda electrónica sin restricción de fechas en las bases de datos PubMed y Scopus. Se recopilaron los artículos y se estudiaron sus características, objetivos y métodos utilizando las siguientes palabras clave: "probióticos", "S. mutans", "salud oral", "biofilm", entre otras. Para la presente revisión bibliográfica se escogieron 10 estudios que investigan la acción probiótica de determinadas cepas como Lactobaccillus y Bifidobacterium en tratamientos periodontales y ortodóncicos, entre otros. Estos estudios demostraron su eficacia en diferentes tipos de presentaciones como comprimidos y yogur, en diferentes tipos de poblaciones como lactantes, jóvenes y adultos mayores. Por último, gran parte de estos estudios determinaron la reducción del biofilm. Con base en los artículos de investigación, cepas como Lactobaccillus y Bifidobacterium mostraron efectos positivos en la reducción de placa bacteriana como S. mutans en periodos de corto y largo plazo en diferentes poblaciones. Existe una gran producción de estudios relativos a la aplicación de probióticos en odontología. Sin embargo, es necesario realizar estudios con otros tipos de bacterias y diferentes vehículos para determinar con mayor precisión qué especies ayudan a mantener la salud bucodental.
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