Resistencia a la fractura de coronas provisionales CAD-CAM fabricadas mediante manufactura aditiva frente a manufactura sustractiva: estudio in vitro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/xs2z9z62Palabras clave:
Restauraciones provisionales; CAD-CAM; Impresión tridimensional; Resistencia a la fractura; Polimetilmetacrilato.Resumen
La manufactura aditiva ha adquirido creciente popularidad para la fabricación de restauraciones provisionales debido a su eficiencia, menor desperdicio de material y flexibilidad en el flujo de trabajo. Sin embargo, persisten preocupaciones respecto a la confiabilidad mecánica de los materiales fabricados mediante manufactura aditiva en comparación con las restauraciones fresadas mediante CAD-CAM. El presente estudio in vitro comparó la resistencia a la fractura de coronas provisionales fabricadas mediante manufactura aditiva y fresado CAD-CAM. Veinte coronas provisionales estandarizadas fueron diseñadas digitalmente y distribuidas en dos grupos según la técnica de fabricación (n=10): coronas fabricadas mediante manufactura aditiva con una resina nanohíbrida rellena de cerámica utilizando tecnología LCD y coronas fresadas mediante CAD-CAM a partir de bloques prepolimerizados de polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA). La resistencia a la fractura fue evaluada bajo carga compresiva utilizando una máquina universal de ensayos a una velocidad de desplazamiento de 1 mm/min hasta la fractura. Los datos fueron analizados mediante la prueba de Shapiro-Wilk y la prueba t de Student para muestras independientes (α=.05). Las coronas fresadas mediante CAD-CAM demostraron una resistencia a la fractura significativamente mayor que las coronas fabricadas mediante manufactura aditiva (P<.001), con valores promedio de 439.1±24.0 kgf y 244.7±34.9 kgf, respectivamente. Los hallazgos sugieren que la técnica de fabricación influye significativamente en el comportamiento mecánico de las restauraciones provisionales, mostrando las coronas de PMMA fresadas mediante CAD-CAM una mayor resistencia a la carga compresiva bajo las condiciones evaluadas.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Leonard Walter Huamani Diaz, Kelly Romero, Ricardo Fabian Reyes Mansilla, Iliana Linares, Consuelo Marroquín-Soto, César-Augusto Padilla-Avalos.
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