Análisis del comportamiento mecánico y efecto de la fatiga cíclica en la interface implante-pilar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/ijds.2021.45011Palabras clave:
Pilar; Implante; Microgap; Fatiga cíclica; Esfuerzo de compresión.Resumen
Propósito: El sellado de la interface de la conexión implante-pilar es esencial para el éxito a largo plazo de la restauración implantosoportada. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el comportamiento mecánico y el efecto de la fatiga cíclica antes y después en el sellado de la conexión implante-pilar de acuerdo a la ténica de fabricación del pilar. Materiales y Métodos: Pilares mecanizados de titanio (DENTIS), pilares calcinables colados con aleación Niquel-Cromo (VeraBond II) y pilares fresados de Zirconia (Zirkonzahn) fueron evaluados. Los implantes y pilares atornillados se sometieron a una carga de 133 N a una frecuencia de 19.1 Hz durante 200 000 ciclos. El microgap fue medido con el Microscopio Electrónico de Barrido y la distribución del esfuerzo de compresión por el método tridimensional de Elemento Finito (EF). Los valores del microgap de los pilares mecanizados fueron de 1.62 μm y 1.92 μm, en los pilares calcinables fue de 14.14 μm y 20.15 μm, y los pilares fresados fue de 14.18 μm y 28.44 μm antes y después de la fatiga cíclica, respectivamente. Los pilares calcinables y lo mecanizados mostraron diferencia estadísticamente significativa antes y después de la fatiga cíclica (p ≤ 0.05). El análisis por EF mostró que las áreas críticas del esfuerzo de compresión estaban localizadas en la conexión implante-pilar, aumentando en los pilares calcinables y disminuyendo en los pilares fresados y en los mecanizados. Conclusión: La fatiga cíclica ejerce un efecto sobre las dimensiones del microgap en la interface implante-pilar antes y después de la carga cíclica; este microgap depende del tipo de material y de la técnica de fabricación del pilar.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Ramón Germán Sandoval, Marine Ortiz Magdaleno, Paula Sánchez Robles, Norma Zavala Alonso, Gabriel Fernando Romo Ramírez (Author)
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