Molecular and morphological identification of Fusarium spp., associated with black pepper (Piper nigrum) cultivation in Sarapiquí and Guatuso in Costa Rica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/rac.v44i2.43087Abstract
Introduction. Pepper is one of the Piperaceae family, native to the Malabar Coast, located in Kerala in Southern India. In Costa Rica, main pepper plantations are located from Upala to Talamanca including the entire coastal and lower strip of Sarapiquí. According to feasibility studies, Costa Rica has the potential to produce pepper with high quality parameters; however, vascular diseases are one of the main crop limitations. Objective. To isolatate, and molecularly and morphologically identify species of Fusarium associated with the cultivation of pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in 2 of the main productive areas of the country. Materials and methods. Thirty samples from diseased plants were collected from different farms located in Sarapiqui and Guatuso, symptoms observed in the adical system and/or the stem base were described in detail for each plant. The twenty one isolates of Fusarium spp. obtained were identified with the partial sequence of the molecular marker Elongation Factor 1α (EF-1α) gene and for the morphogical identification using the PDA and Carnation Leaf Agar (CLA) culture media were used. Results and conclusions. The presence of Fusarium oxysporum was confirmed in the samples from Sarapiquí, and the presence of Fusarium solani was confirmed in the samples from both areas. The presence of the species Fusarium concentricum and Fusarium proliferatum associated with vascular wilt is reported for the first time.
Keywords: Fusarium spp; Piper nigrum; black pepper; soil diseases; symptomatology; molecular markers.
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