History, typology, and functionality of ancient biographical narratives: an examination in light of the Euripidean case and the Socratic exemplum

Authors

  • Bruno D. Alfonzo Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15517/rfl.v51i1.63521

Keywords:

biography, antiquity, Euripides, Socrates, death

Abstract

The study of ancient biography has experienced growing interest in recent decades, establishing itself as an autonomous
research area. This article examines its methodologies, highlighting works that since the 20th century have explored
biographical literature from a historical-chronological perspective before shifting their approach towards a typological
inquiry. The article proposes a study applied to a particular case —that of the Greek playwright Euripides— aiming to
discuss the limits of the usual typological conception of biographical literature by pointing out a third avenue of analysis (the
functional), considered here as a superior synthesis of the previous ones whose hermeneutic benefits are demonstrated in the
proposed examination. In this sense, an interpretation of the story about the death of Euripides is postulated based on its
relationship with the process that led to the death of Socrates.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adler, A. (1971). Lexicographi Graeci. Suidae Lexicon. B. G. Teubner.

Arrighetti, G. (Ed.). (1964) Satiro. Vita di Euripide. (Studi Clasicci e Orientali, XIII). Libreria Goliardica.

Beck, M. (2016). “Lucian’s Life of Demonax: The Socratic paradigm, individuality, and personality”, en K. De Temmerman& K. Demoen. (Eds.). Writing Biography in Greece and Rome. Narrative Technique and Fictionalization (pp. 80-96). Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316422861.006

Beckby, H. (1965). Anthologia Graeca II (Vols. VII-VIII). Tusculum.

Bing, P. & Bruss, J. (Eds.). (2007). Brill's Companion to Hellenistic Epigram. Brill. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047419402

Blake Tyrrell, W. (2020). Life of Euripides. En A. Markantonatos (Ed.), Brill’s Companion to Euripides (pp. 11-28). Brill. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004435353_003

Bollansée, J. (1999). Hermippos of Smyrna and His Biographical Writing. A Reappraisal. Peeters.

Burridge, R. A. (2004). What are the Gospels?: A Comparison with Graeco-Roman Biography Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing.

Campos Daroca, F. J., García González, F. J., López Cruces, J. L. y Romero Mariscal, L. P. (Eds.). (2007). Las personas de Eurípides. Hakkert.

Chitwood, A. (2004). Death by Philosophy. The Biographical Tradition in the Life and Death of the Archaic Philosophers. Empedocles, Heraclitus, and Democritus. University of Michigan Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.17608

Cohn, D. (1999). The Distinction of Fiction. The John Hopkins University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.56021/9780801859427

Delcourt, M. (1933). Les biographies anciennes d'Euripide. L’antiquité classique, 2(2), 271-290. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3406/antiq.1933.3692

de Lacy, P. (1952). Biography and Tragedy in Plutarch. AJPh, 73(2), 159-171. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/291811

De Temmerman, K. & Demoen, K. (Eds.). (2016). Writing Biography in Greece and Rome. Narrative Technique and Fictionalization. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316422861

Dihle, A. (1956). Studien zur griechischen Biographie. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.

Dosse, F. (2007). El arte de la biografía. Entre historia y ficción. Univ. Iberoamericana.

Egli, F. (2003). Euripides im Kontext zeitgenössischer intellektueller Strömungen. Analyse der Funktion philosophischer Themen in den Tragödien und Fragmenten. Verlag. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110968200

Erler, M. y Schorn, S. (Eds.). (2007). Die griechische Biographie in hellenistischer Zeit. De Gruyter. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110901238

Esquilo (1982). Los persas. En B. Perea (Trad.), Tragedias (pp. 1-49). Gredos.

Fabre, P. (1965). La date de la redaction du Périple de Scylax. Les Études classiques, 33(4), 353-366.

Fantuzzi, M. (2007). Epigram and the Theater. En P. Bing y J. Bruss (Eds.), Brill’s Companion to Hellenistic Epigram (pp. 477-496). Brill. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047419402_025

Fantuzzi, M. & Hunter, R. (2002). Muse e modelli. La poesia ellenistica da Alessandro ad Augusto. Laterza.

Fairweather, J. (1973). The Death of Heraclitus. Greek, Roman & Byzantine Studies, 14(3), 233-239.

Fairweather, J. (1974). Fiction in the Biographies of Ancient Writers. Ancient Society, 5, 231-275.

Fernández Galiano, M. (1978). Antología Palatina. Epigramas helenísticos. Gredos.

García Moreno, L. A. y Gómez Espelosín, F. J. (Eds.). (1996). Relatos de viajes en la literatura griega antigua. Alianza.

Geiger, J. (1988). Nepos and Plutarch: From Latin to Greek Political Biography. ICS, XIII.2, 245-256.

Gentili, B. y Cerri, G. (1978). L'idea di biografia nel pensiero greco. Quaderni Urbaniti di Cultura Classica, 27, 7-27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/20537845

Gentili, B. y Cerri, G. (1988). History and Biography in Ancient Thought. J. C. Gieben. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004673120

Hägg, T. y Rousseau, Ph. (Eds.). (2000). Greek Biography and Panegyric in Late Antiquity. University of California Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520223882.001.0001

Hägg, T. (2012). The Art of Biography in Antiquity. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139061322

Hoffmann, P. y Pernot, L. (Eds.). (1993). L 'invention de l'autobiographie d'Hésiode a saint Augustin. Presses de l'École Normale Supérieure,

Homeyer, H. (1962). Zu den Anfägen der griechischen Biographie. Philologus, 106(1/2), 75-85. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1524/phil.1962.106.12.75

Hornblower, S. y Spawforth, A. (Eds.). (2012). The Oxford Classical Dictionary. Oxford University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780199545568.001.0001

Hunt., H. S. (Ed.). (1912). The Oxyrhynchus papyri IX. Egypt Exploration Society.

Ippolito, P. (1999). La Vita di Euripide. Università di Napoli.

Jacoby, F. (1957). Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) (Vol. 1). Brill.

Jacoby, F. (1986). Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) (Vol. 2). Brill.

Kannicht, R. (Ed.). (2004). Tragicorum Graecorum Fragmenta (TrGF) (Vol. 5 – Euripides). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13109/9783666257551

Kassel, R. y Austin, C. (Eds.). (1984). Poetae Comici Graeci III.2. Aristophanes testimonia et fragmenta. De Gruyter. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110858556

Kassel, R. y Austin, C. (Eds.). (1998). Poetae Comici Graeci VI.2. Menander. Testimonia et Fragmenta apud scriptores servata. De Gruyter. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110802825

Kassel, R. y Schröder, St. (Eds.). (2022). Poetae Comici Graeci VI.1 Menander. Dyscolus et fabulae quarum fragmenta in papyris membranisque servata sunt. De Gruyter. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110780369

Kechagia, E. (2016). Dying philosophers in ancient biography: Zeno the Stoic and Epicurus. En De K. Temmerman y K. Demoen, K. (Eds.). Writing Biography in Greece and Rome. Narrative Technique and Fictionalization.(pp. 181-199). Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316422861.011

Knöbl, R. (2018). Biographical representations of Euripides. Some examples of their development from classical antiquity to Byzantium [PhD Thesis]. Durham University.

Kovacs, D. (1994). Euripidea. Brill. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004329379

Larmour, D. (2005). Is Plutarch the Founder of Modern Biography. En P. A. Miller y C. Platter (Eds.), History in Dispute. Vol. 20. Classical Antiquity and Classical Studies (pp. 287-290). Woodbridge, St. James Press.

Lee, H. (2009). Biography. A Very Short Introduction. Clarendon Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199533541.001.0001

Lefkowitz, M. R. (1978). The Poet as Hero. Fifth-Century Autobiography and Subsequent Biographical Fiction. The Classical Quarterly, 28(2), 459-469. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0009838800034996

Lefkowitz, M. R. (2012). The Lives of the Greek Poets. The John Hopkins University Press. (Obra original publicada en 1981). DOI: https://doi.org/10.56021/9781421404639

Leo, F. (1901). Die griechisch-römische Biographie nach ihrer litterarischen Form. Druck und Verlag.

Leo, F. (1912). Satyros ΒΙΟΣ ΕΥΡΙΠΙΔΟΥ. Nachrichten von der Königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. Philologische-historische Klasse, 273-290.

Licona, M. R. (2017). Why Are There Differences in the Gospels? What We Can Learn from Ancient Biography. Oxford University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190264260.001.0001

Marcotte, D. (1986). Le Périple dit de Scylax. Esquisse d’un commentaire épigraphique et archéologique. Bolletino del Clasicci, 7, 166-182.

Misch, G. (1950). A History of Autobiography in Antiquity (Vols. I-II). Routledge.

Momigliano, A. (1990). The Classical Foundations of Modern Historiography. University of California Press.

Momigliano, A. (1993). The Development of Greek Biography. Harvard University Press.

Murray, G. (1913). Euripides and his Age. Williams & Norgate.

Page, D. L. (Ed.). (1981). Further Greek Epigrams. Epigrams before AD 50 from the Greek Anthology and other sources, not included in Hellenistic Epigrams or The Garland of Philip. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511719998

Palerm, R. V. (1991). Sobre tradición y originalidad en el modelo biográfico de Plutarco. En J. García López, J. y E. Calderón (Eds.), Actas del II Simposio español sobre Plutarco (pp. 107-113). Ediciones Clásicas.

Papaconstantinou, A. (Ed.). (2010). Writing ‘True Stories’. Historians and Hagiographers in the Late Antique and Medieval Near East. Brepols. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1484/M.CELAMA-EB.6.09070802050003050207080604

Pausch, D. (2004). Biographie und Bildungskultur. Personendarstellungen bei Plinius dem Jüngeren, Gellius und Sueton. De Gruyter. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110919844

Pelling, C. B. R. (2012). Biography, Greek. En S. Hornblower y A. Spawforth (Eds.), The Oxford Classical Dictionary, Fourth Edition (pp. 232-233). Oxford University Press.

Peretti, A. (1979). Il periplo di Scilace. Studio sul primo portolano del Mediterraneo. Giardini.

Peretti, A. (1988a). Dati storici e distanze marine nel Periplo di Scilace. Studi Classici e Orientali, 38, 13-137.

Peretti, A. (1988b). La tradizione del Periplo di Scilace. En S. Boldrini (Ed.), Filologia e forme litterarie. Studi offerti a F. della Corte (Vol. I) (pp. 261-285). Università degli studi di Urbino.

Powell, J. U. (1925). Collectanea Alexandrina. Reliquiae minores Poetarum Graecorum Aetatis Ptolemaicae 323-146 A.C. Epicorum, Elegiacorum, Lyricorum, Ethicorum. Oxford University Press.

Riginos, A. S. (1976). Platonica. The Anecdotes Concerning the Life and Writing of Plato. Brill. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004452640

Robiano, P. (2016). The Apologia as a mise-en-abyme in Philostratus’ Life of Apollonius of Tyana. En K. De Temmerman y K. Demoen (Eds.), Writing Biography in Greece and Rome. Narrative Technique and Fictionalization (pp. 97-116). Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316422861.007

Sapere, A. (2015). Sentidos y usos del mito en la obra biográfica de Plutarco. Myrtia, 30, 77-98.

Sapere, A. (2018). Ficción y verdad en las Vidas paralelas de Plutarco. Emerita. Revista de Lingüística y Filología Clásica, LXXXVI(1), 27-50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3989/emerita.2018.02.1703

Scharffenberger, E. W. (2015). The Life of Euripides. En R. Lauriola y K. N. Demetriou (Eds.), Brill’s Companion to the Reception of Euripides (pp. 1-14). Brill. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004299818_002

Schorn, S. (2004). Satyros aus Kallatis. Sammlung der Fragmente mit Kommentar. Schwabe-Verlag-Basel.

Schorn, S. (2018). Studien zur hellenistischen Biographie und Historiographie. De Gruyter. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110449006

Schwartz, E. (1966). Scholia in Euripidem (Vols. I-II). De Gruyter.

Scullion, S. (2003). Euripides and Macedon, or the Silence of the Frogs. The Classical Quarterly, 53(2), 389-400. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/cq/53.2.389

Steidle, W. (1951). Sueton und die Antike Biographie. Beck.

Stuart, R. D. (1967). Epochs of Greek and Roman Biography. Biblo & Tannen. (Obra original publicada en 1928). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520331488

Untersteiner, M. (1980). Problemi di Filologia Filosofica. Cisalpino-La Goliardica.

von Blumenthal, A. (1939). Ion von Chios, die Reste seiner Werke. Kohlhammer.

von Mess, A. (1915). Die Anfänge der Biographie und der psychologischen Geschichtsschreibung in der griechischen Literatur. Rheinisches Museum für Philologie, 70, 337-357.

von Wilamowitz-Möllendorff, U. (1903). Timotheos. Die Perser. J. C. Heinrich.

von Wilamowitz-Möllendorff, U. (1907). Die Autobiographie im Altertum. Internationale Wochenschrift für Wissenschaft, Kunst und Technik, 1, 1105-1114.

von Wilamowitz-Möllendorff, U. (1972). Kleine Schriften, VI, pp.120-127.

Wardman, A. E. (1971). Plutarch's Methods in the Lives. The Classical Quarterly, 21(1), 254-256. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0009838800028998

Downloads

Published

2025-01-27