Effects of landscape structure on bird diversity in the Upper Magdalena Valley, Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/gkgt8m41Keywords:
avian biodiversity, fragmentation, land-use change, landscape metrics, species richnessAbstract
Introduction: Understanding the effects of landscape structure and composition on bird diversity is essential to identify distribution drivers and evaluate potential impacts of land use changes. Landscape structure refers to the spatial arrangement and organization of elements within a landscape and can be described using metrics such as the number and size of patches, their connectivity, and the degree of landscape heterogeneity. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the effects of landscape structure on the taxonomic diversity of bird assemblages in the Upper Magdalena Valley, Colombia. Methods: The study was conducted in 15 localities between June and November 2018, 2019, and 2022. We used mist nets and visual and audio surveys to evaluate bird community structure. This data was complemented with records from the eBird platform. A total de 17 565 individuals representing 401 species were recorded. We measured alpha and beta taxonomic diversity. Landscape structure was characterized by using a variety of metrics at patch, class, and landscape level using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Results: We found a negative effect of landscape heterogeneity on taxonomic diversity. Our results indicate that landscape transformation leads to a reduction in bird diversity. In contrast, non-fragmented landscapes may have the potential to support taxonomically diverse bird assemblages, characterized by the presence of specialist species with a more restricted distribution. Conclusions: These findings highlight the susceptibility of specialist bird species to landscape change and highlight the importance of protecting and conserving natural areas to maintain taxonomic diversity of bird communities. Bird taxonomic diversity was influenced by landscape components such as landscape heterogeneity and patch perimeter, which had a negative effect on species abundance and richness.
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A Miguel Moreno Palacios, Yair Guillermo Molina, Juan Felipe Castillo Téllez y Marlon Díaz Varón por proporcionar parte de la información para poder llevar a cabo la presente investigación.
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