Reflections on the impact of the September 11, 2001, attacks in New York and Washington on Costa Rica and Central America: Islamphobia or anti-Arab sentiments?

Abstract

The following article (unpublished, by Dr. Roberto Marín Guzmán) explores how the attacks that took place in the United States in 2001 had repercussions in Central America in terms of the perception that emerged in the region regarding Islam and its association with terrorism. Similarly, it discusses how Islamophobia is conflated in this case with anti-Arab sentiments that have arose in the media, based on the premise that Islam and its practitioners pose a threat to modern societies.