Protein quality in lines and experimental hybrids of QPM. Central Highlands, Mexico

Opaque2 maize: essential amino acids and protein quality

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15517/am.v32i1.40439

Keywords:

essential amino acids, biofortification, protein quality, opaque 2

Abstract

Introduction. Currently, maize is the most cultivated grain in the world and it is feasible to improve the nutrition of its consumers through the development of quality protein maize (QPM), whose basis is the expression of the opaque2 gene, which increases the contents of lysine and tryptophan in the grain. Objective. To analyze chemically the protein of the grain of lines and experimental simple hybrids of QPM and to know the relationships between the genotype and the evaluated variables of protein quality. Materials and methods. The experiments were carried out during 2017 in the Interdisciplinary Professional Unit of Biotechnology of the Instituto Politecnico Nacional (Mexico City). Whole grains of parental lines (P1 to P6) and direct simple hybrids were used. Lysine, tryptophan, and protein quantity and quality were estimated. A completely randomized design with three replications was used. Analysis of variance, comparison of means, and principal component analysis were performed. Results. Lines P2, P3, and P6, and hybrids P2 x P4 and P2 x P6 were identified as significant (p ≤ 0.05) QPM. The protein quality index was correlated with tryptophan (r = 0.9 *) and with lysine (r = 0.7 *) but not with total protein. Conclusions. The fundamental factor for developing the QPM were the essential amino acids and the limiting factor for increasing their nutritional value was the quality of the protein.

 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Atlin, G. N., Palacios-Rojas, N., Babu, R., Twumasi-Afriye, S., De Groote, H., Vivek, B., Friesen, D., & Pixley, K. V. (2010). Quality protein maize: progress, impact, and prospects. In J. Janick (Ed.), Plant Breeding Reviews, (83-130, Vol 34). Wiley & Sons, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470880579.ch3

Bouis, H. E., Hotz, C., McClafferty, B., Meenakshi, J. V., & Pfeiffer, W. H. (2011). Biofortification: A new tool to reduce micronutrient malnutrition. Food & Nutrition Bulletin, 32(1 Suppl), 31S-40S. https://doi.org/10.1177/15648265110321S105.

De-Groote, H., Gunaratna, N. S., Okuro, J. O., Wondimu, A., Chege, C. K., & Tomlins, K. (2014). Consumer acceptance of quality protein maize (QPM) in East Africa. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 94(15), 3201-3212. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.6672

Fernández-Suárez, R., Morales-Chávez, L. A., & Gálvez-Mariscal, A. (2013). Importancia de los maíces nativos de México en la dieta nacional. Una revisión indispensable. Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana, 36(suplemento 3 A), 275-283.

Food and Agriculture Organization Statistics. (2020). Food and agriculture data. Retrieved May 19, 2020, from https://www.fao.org/faostat/es/#data/QC

Galicia, L., Nurit, E., Rosales, A., & Palacios-Rojas, N. (2009). Laboratory protocols: Maize nutrition quality and plant tissue analysis laboratory. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center.

López-Mazón, S. L., García-Navarrete, G., & Ibarra-Gutiérrez, B. N. (2012). El maíz (Zea mays L.) y la cultura Maya. BIOtecnia, 14(3), 3-8. https://doi.org/10.18633/bt.v14i3.123

Mageto, E. K., Lee, M., Dhliwayo, T., Palacios-Rojas, N., San-Vicente, F., Burgueño, J., & Hallauer, A. R. (2020). An evaluation of kernel zinc in hybrids of elite quality protein maize (QPM) and non-QPM inbred lines adapted to the tropics based on a mating design. Agronomy, 10(5), 695. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10050695

Mansilla, P. S., Nazar, M. C., & Pérez, G. T. (2019). Evaluación y comparación de la composición y calidad proteica de familias de medios hermanos de maíz opaco-2 (Zea mays L.) de Argentina. AgriScientia, 36(1), 39–53. https://doi.org/10.31047/1668.298x.v36.n1.22682

Mendoza-Elos, M., Andrio-Enríquez, E., Juárez-Goiz, J. M., Mosqueda-Villagómez, C., Latournerie-Moreno, L., Castañón-Nájera, G., López-Benítez, A., & Moreno-Martínez, E. (2006). Contenido de lisina y triptófano en genotipos de maíz de alta calidad proteica y normal. Revista Universidad y Ciencia, 22(2), 153-161.

Njeri, S. G., Makumbi, D., Warburton, M. L., Diallo, A., Jumbo, M. B., & Chemining’wa, G. (2017). Genetic analysis of tropical quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm. Euphytica, 213, 261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-017-2048-4

Palacios-Rojas, N., Twumasi-Afriyie, S., Friesen, D., Teklewold, A., Wegary, D., De Groote, H., Rosales, A., Narro-León, L., Chassaigne, A., Padilla, R., Vargas-Escobar, E. A., López, K., Bowen, C., & Prasanna, B. M. (2017). Lineamientos para el control de calidad de semilla y grano de maíz de alta calidad proteica (QPM): Experiencia en el desarrollo y promoción de QPM en Latinoamérica. CIMMYT.

Paredes-López, O., Guevara, L. F., & Bello Pérez, L. A. (2009). La nixtamalización y el valor nutritivo del maíz. Ciencias, 92-93, 60-70.

Peña, D. (2002). Análisis de datos multivariantes. McGraw-Hill Interamericana.

Salinas-Moreno, Y., & Vázquez-Carrillo, G. (2006). Metodologías de análisis de la calidad nixtamalera-tortillera en maíz. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias.

Serna-Saldívar, S. O., Amaya-Guerra, C. A., Herrera-Macías, P., Melesio-Cuéllar, J. L., Preciado-Ortiz, R. E., Terrón-Ibarra, A. D., & Vázquez-Carrillo, G. (2008). Evaluation of the time-cooking and tortilla making properties of quality protein maize hybrids grown in Mexico. Plant Food Human Nutrition, 63(3), 119-125. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-008-0080-1

Singh, D., Kumar, A., Kumar, R., Kushwaha, N., Mohanty, T. A., & Kumari, P. (2020). Genetic variability analysis of QPM (Zea mays L.) inbreds using morphological characters. International Journal Current Microbiology Applied Science, 9(2), 328-338. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.902.042

Sofi, P. A., Wani, S. A., Rather, A. G., & Wani, S. H. (2009). Review article: Quality protein maize (QPM): Genetic manipulation for the nutritional fortification of maize. Journal Plant Breeding Crop Science, 1(6), 244-253.

Ufaz, S., & Galili, G. (2008). Improving the content of essential amino acids in crop plants: Goals and opportunities. Plant Physiology, 147, 954-961. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.108.118091

Vargas-Escobar, E. A., Vargas-Sánchez, J. E., & Baena-García, D. (2016). Análisis de estabilidad y adaptabilidad de híbridos de maíz de alta calidad proteica en diferentes zonas agroecológicas de Colombia. Acta Agronomica, 65(1), 72-79. https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v65n1.43417

Vázquez-Carrillo, M. G., Mejía-Andrade, H., Tut-Couoch, C., & Gómez-Montiel, N. O. (2012). Características de granos y tortillas de maíces de alta calidad proteínica desarrollados para los Valles Altos Centrales de México. Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana, 35(1), 23-31.

Vivek, B. S., Krivanek, A. F., Palacios-Rojas, N., Twumasi-Afriyie, S., & Diallo, A. O. (2008). Breeding quality protein maize (QPM): Protocols for developing QPM cultivars. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center.

Wegary, D., Labuschagne, M. T., & Vivek, B. S. (2011). Protein quality and endosperm modification of quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) under two contrasting soil nitrogen environments. Field Crops Research, 121(3), 408-415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2011.01.010

Published

2021-01-01

How to Cite

Arellano-Vázquez, J. L., Gutiérrez-Hernández, G. F., Flores-Gómez, E., & López-Martínez, D. E. (2021). Protein quality in lines and experimental hybrids of QPM. Central Highlands, Mexico: Opaque2 maize: essential amino acids and protein quality. Agronomía Mesoamericana, 32(1), 107–119. https://doi.org/10.15517/am.v32i1.40439

Most read articles by the same author(s)