Seed production of Moringa oleifera Lam varieties according to planting density and successive harvests
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/am.v34i1.50528Keywords:
Moringaceae, varieties, wet season, dry season, CubaAbstract
Introduction. Moringa oleifera Lam. . it is a deciduous tree with perennial growth ontogeneric to the growth of shrubs. Moringa is the only genus of the Moringaceae family. The main studies of the species olerifera focus on forage production, and very few on seed production. Objective. To evaluate sowing densities and successive harvests for seed production of M. oleifera Lam varieties, in an ecosystem degraded by the seasonal drought in Cauto Valley, Granma province, Cuba. Materials and methods. The study was carried out from 2016 to 2018 in seed banks of the Pastures and Forages Experimental Station (20º 27’ 52.1” N 76º 40’47” W) of the “Jorge Dimitrov” Agricultural Research Institute, Cuba, through a randomized block design in factorial arrangement with four replications, for a total of 64 treatments resulting from the combination of sowing density (4), varieties of M. oleifera (4), and number of harvests (4). The variables considered were: number of seeds per fruit, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, 100-seeds weight, and seed yield. Results. The Criolla and Supergenius varieties had the highest seed yield (p≤0.01) (0.67 and 0.71 t ha-1, respectively), in the second harvest in July 2017, compared to the rest of the harvests and varieties under study. The Supergenius variety provided the highest values in the number of seeds/fruit, number of fruits/plant, and fruits length/plant with 18,23, 32,08, and 49,18 cm, respectively. Conclusion. The varieties of M. oleifera under study had no differences in seed production potential, sowing density had not effect, only successive harvests every six months conditioned a differentiation in seed production.
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