Sexual Assertiveness Instruments: A Systematic Review of Psychometric Evidence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/2td2p333Keywords:
Sexual assertiveness, validity, reliabilityAbstract
Objective. To conduct a systematic review of instruments that assess sexual assertiveness (SA). Method. A search was conducted in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Scielo, and Renati; 15 psychometric studies published between 2005 and 2024 were analyzed. Three instruments assessing SA were identified: the Sexual Assertiveness Scale, the Hurlbert Index of Sexual Assertiveness, and the Sexual Assertiveness Questionnaire. Results. The reviewed evidence showed variability in dimensional structure, number of items, and reported sources of reliability. Most studies were conducted in general and university populations, with a predominance of research in Spain and Peru. Conclusion. The Sexual Assertiveness Scale has the most psychometric evidence, especially in the general adult population, while the Hurlbert Index of Sexual Assertiveness exhibits greater structural variability, and the Questionnaire on Assertiveness in Sexual Relationships requires further independent studies. It is recommended to expand research in culturally diverse populations and underrepresented groups.
Downloads
References
Alvarado, M., & Cardenas, Y. (2024). Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Asertividad Sexual (SAS) en estudiantes de una universidad nacional de Lima, 2023 [Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad César Vallejo]. https://repositorio.ucv.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12692/138210
American Educational Research, American Psychological Association, & National Council on Measurement in Education. (2014). Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing, Spanish Edition. https://www.aera.net/Standards14-Spanish
Ato, M., López, J., & Benavente, A. (2013). Un sistema de clasificación de los diseños de investigación en psicología. Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 29(3), 1038–1059. https://doi.org/10.6018/ANALESPS.29.3.178511
Behrang, K., Koraei, A., Shahbazi, M., & Abbaspour, Z. (2022). Effects of Emotionally Focused Therapy on Sexual Assertiveness, Marital Forgiveness, and Marital Harmony in Maladjusted Couples. Journal of Research and Health, 12(3), 177–184. https://doi.org/10.32598/JRH.12.3.1986.1
Bonifacio, S. (2018). Características de personalidad y asertividad sexual en agresores sexuales de cuatro centros penitenciarios del país [Tesis de Maestría, Universidad San Martín de Porres]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12727/4185
Centro Nacional de Epidemiología Prevención y Control de Enfermedades. (2024). Situación epidemiológica del VIH - Sida en el Perú: Boletín VIH, II Trimestre - 2024. https://epipublic.dge.gob.pe/uploads/vih-sida/vihsida_202512_31_161049.pdf
Contreras, C. (2018). Propiedades psicométricas de la escala de asertividad sexual: SAS de Morokoff en jóvenes de Lima Sur [Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Perú]. http://repositorio.autonoma.edu.pe/handle/20.500.13067/665
Cordova, H., & Yovera, A. (2023). Propiedades psicométricas de la escala de asertividad sexual en parejas universitarias de la ciudad de Piura, 2022 [Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad César Vallejo]. https://repositorio.ucv.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12692/121025
Couture, S., Hébert, M., & Fernet, M. (2022). Validation of a French-Canadian adaptation of the Hurlbert Index of Sexual Assertiveness for adolescents. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 39(4), 1106–1123. https://doi.org/10.1080/14681994.2022.2067981
Dai, F., Fongkaew, W., Lirtmunlikaporn, S., Viseskul, N., & Chaloumsuk, N. (2021). Predictors of the Sexual Assertiveness Among Chinese Female College Students: A Cross-sectional Study | Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research. Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research, 25(4), 626–638. https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/PRIJNR/article/view/253366
Doria, D. (2023). Asertividad sexual y dependencia emocional en jóvenes estudiantes de un instituto privado de Lima Metropolitana [Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal]. https://repositorio.unfv.edu.pe/handle/20.500.13084/7118
Ekholm, E., Blaker, H., Gottlander, L., Zhao, X., Linton, S., Dewitte, M., & Flink, I. (2023). Sexual communication patterns in couples with vulvodynia—a case-control behavioral observation study. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 20(8), 1103–1114. https://doi.org/10.1093/JSXMED/QDAD085
Elias, A., & Vargas, J. (2022). Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Asertividad Sexual (SAS) en universitarios de Chimbote, 2022 [Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad César Vallejo]. https://repositorio.ucv.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12692/106176
Falla, R. (2020). Asertividad sexual y satisfaccion con la vida en policias que se encuentran laborando en Lima [Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Perú]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13067/1968
Farro, C., & García, A. (2020). Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Asertividad Sexual: SAS en universitarios de Chimbote [Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad César Vallejo]. https://repositorio.ucv.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12692/48956
Gil-Llario, M., Fernández-García, O., Gil-Juliá, B., Estruch-García, V., & Ballester-Arnal, R. (2022). Development and Psychometric Properties of an Instrument for the Assessment of Assertiveness in Sexual Relations. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 19(3), 1255–1269. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-021-00630-6
Hurlbert, D. (1991). The role of assertiveness in female sexuality: a comparative study between sexually assertive and sexually nonassertive women. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 17(3), 183–190. https://doi.org/10.1080/00926239108404342
Jangi, S., Nourizadeh, R., Sattarzadeh-Jahdi, N., Farvareshi, M., & Mehrabi, E. (2023). The effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy and sexual health education on sexual assertiveness of newly married women. BMC Psychiatry, 23(201), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-04708-w
López, S., Van, H., Jerves, E., & Enzlin, P. (2020). Development of sexual assertiveness and its function for human sexuality: a literature review. Revista Interamericana de Psicología/ Interamerican Journal of Psychology, 54(2), e948. https://doi.org/10.30849/RIPIJP.V54I2.948
Mamani, O. (2018). Calidad metodológica y características de las tesis de pregrado de psicología de una universidad privada del Perú. Propósitos y Representaciones, 6(2), 301–319. https://doi.org/10.20511/PYR2018.V6N2.224
Morales, M. (2023). Asertividad sexual y género en estudiantes de una universidad privada de Arequipa, Perú [Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Católica de Santa María]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12920/13240
Morokoff, P., Quina, K., Harlow, L., Whitmire, L., Grimley, D., Gibson, P., & Burkholder, G. (1997). Sexual Assertiveness Scale (SAS) for women: development and validation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73(4), 790–804. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.73.4.790
NasrollahiMola, N., Bahrami, N., Ranjbaran, M., & Alimoradi, Z. (2023). Predictors of sexual assertiveness in a sample of Iranian married women of reproductive age. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 38(1), 74–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/14681994.2020.1740672
Osorio, A., Álvarez, A., Hernández, V., Sánchez, M., & Muñoz, L. (2017). Relación entre asertividad sexual y autoeficacia para prevenir el VIH/ SIDA en jóvenes universitarios del área de la salud. RIDE Revista Iberoamericana Para La Investigación y El Desarrollo Educativo, 7(14), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.23913/ride.v7i14.264
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., MayoWilson, E., McDonald, S., … Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372. https://doi.org/10.1136/BMJ.N71
Perdomo, B., & Morales, O. (2022). Errores y dificultades en la elaboración de las tesis de pre y postgrado del estudiantado peruano: Implicaciones pedagógicas. Revista Electrónica Educare, 26(1), 380–400. https://doi.org/10.15359/REE.26-1.21
Puente, I. (2017). Análisis psicométrico de la escala de asertividad sexual en estudiantes universitarios de Huancayo [Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Continental]. https://repositorio.continental.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12394/3824
Sánchez-Fuentes, M. del M., Santos-Iglesias, P., & Sierra, J. C. (2014). A systematic review of sexual satisfaction. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 14(1), 67–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1697-2600(14)70038-9
Santos-Iglesias, P., & Sierra, J. (2010a). Hurlbert Index of Sexual Assertiveness: A Study of Psychometric Properties in a Spanish Sample. Psychological Reports, 107(1), 39–57. https://doi.org/10.2466/02.03.07.17.21.PR0.107.4.39-57
Santos-Iglesias, P., & Sierra, J. C. (2010b). El papel de la asertividad sexual en la sexualidad humana: una revisión sistemática. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 10(3), 553–577. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/337/33714079010.pdf
Santos-Iglesias, P., Sierra, J., García, M., Martínez, A., Sánchez, A., & Tapia, M. (2009). Índice de Satisfacción Sexual (ISS): un estudio sobre su fiabilidad y validez. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 9(2), 259–273. https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/38161
Santos-Iglesias, P., Vallejo-Medina, P., & Sierra, J. C. (2014). Equivalencia y Baremos del Hurlbert Index of Sexual Assertiveness Entre Hombres y Mujeres Españoles. Anales de Psicología, 30(1), 232–237. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.30.1.143321
Sierra, J., Santos-Iglesias, P., & Vallejo-Medina, P. (2012). Evaluation of the factorial and metric equivalence of the Sexual Assertiveness Scale (SAS) by sex. Psicothema, 24(2), 316–322. https://www.psicothema.com/pdf/4017.pdf
Sierra, J., Santos, P., Gutiérrez-Quintanilla, J., Gómez, P., & Maeso, M. (2008). Un Estudio Psicométrico del Hurlbert Index of Sexual Assertiveness en Mujeres Hispanas. Terapia Psicológica, 26(1), 117–123. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48082008000100010
Sierra, J., Vallejo-Medina, P., & Santos-Iglesias, P. (2011). Propiedades psicométricas de la versión española de la Sexual Assertiveness Scale (SAS). Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 27(1), 17–26. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/167/16717018003.pdf
Obregon, R., Onofre-Rodríguez, D., Sierra, J., Benavides-Torres, R., & Garza-Elizondo, M. (2017). Validación de la Sexual Assertiveness Scale en mujeres mexicanas. Suma Psicológica, 24(1), 34–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SUMPSI.2017.01.001
Vallejo-Medina, P., & Sierra, J. (2015). Adaptation and Validation of the Sexual Assertiveness Scale (SAS) in a Sample of Male Drug Users. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 18. https://doi.org/10.1017/SJP.2015.25
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivativeWorks 4.0 Unported license




