Keywords
sarcopenia
malnutrition
anthropometry
personas adultas mayores
sarcopenia
malnutrición
antropometría
How to Cite
Abstract
Objective: to evaluate the nutritional status, level of sarcopenia and associated sociodemographic, comorbidity and functional risk factors in adults over 65 years of age who attend primary health care facilities on the Azuero Peninsula in Panama. Methodology: Analytical and transversal study with 160 elderly of 65 years of age and over in primary health care center in the Azuero Peninsula, Panama. Study conducted between July to August 2019. Subjects from primary health care centers in Monagrillo, La Palma, Santa María and Pocrí are included. Anthropometric measurements of tricipital fold, waist circumference, calf circumference, weight and carving were performed, the force of pressure and gait speed were measured, in addition 3 screening forms (mini nutritional assessment [MNA], Charlson and Barthel index) were applied. Sociodemographic variables such as sex, age, location of the health center, among others, were evaluated. With the anthropometric data, the nutritional status and the level of sarcopenia were determined. Multivariate logistic regression adjusted by sex, age, fixed effects of its geographic location (district) and robust standard errors was used. The final model was obtained by applying stepwise procedure, including in the model those independent variables with a probability of up to 0.2, presenting OR and 95% CI. Results: 160 subjects evaluated with mean age (standard deviation) 75.5 (7.0) years (52.5% women). According to the MNA, the proportion of older adults at risk of malnutrition and with malnutrition is 23.8% and 1.2% respectively; 23% are underweight, 18% are overweight, and 16% are obese. The proportion of pre-sarcopenia is 59.4%, sarcopenia 25.0%, and severe sarcopenia 10.6%. The associated factors (OR and 95% CI) to the presence of sarcopenia are female sex [2.59 (1.20 to 5.61)]; age [1.12 (1.05 to 1.16)]; waist circumference [0.96 (0.93 to 0.99)]; and, the geographical location, comparing Monagrillo versus La Palma [0.20 (0.06 to 0.70)], for the other localities no significant association was observed. Conclusion: High prevalence of malnutrition and sarcopenia among adults over 65 years of age in primary health care centers of the Azuero Peninsula in Panama. Sarcopenia was associated with female gender, older age, smaller waist circumference, and geographic location.
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