Atención dental durante 14 meses en un centro de asistencia social en México: serie de casos de niñas, niños y adolescentes en resguardo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/bfmb5h19Palabras clave:
Adolescentes; Atención dental; Niños en resguardo; Salud oral; Servicio social.Resumen
Todas las niñas, niños y adolescentes tienen el derecho de recibir una serie de medidas especiales de protección y asistencia por parte de sus respectivos países. Los Estados deben proteger a los menores contra toda forma de daño, maltrato, negligencia o abuso. Para los casos que se presenten, es prioritaria la restitución de derechos y el acogimiento residencial que brinden servicios integrales incluyendo la salud. El artículo reporta un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo durante un periodo de 14 meses desarrollado como una serie de casos de 54 niñas, niños y adolescentes que recibieron atención dental en un Centro de Asistencia Social en México, donde estaban alojados temporalmente. A partir de las evaluaciones clínicas iniciales, se identificó que el 100% de los pacientes presentaron al menos una lesión de caries cavitada sin atender, y que aparentemente el 64.8% no había recibido atención dental previa. Se realizaron un total de 418 procedimientos dentales y se dieron de alta a 19 pacientes con los planes de tratamiento terminados. Existe la necesidad de buscar enfoques más colaborativos y de lograr contribuciones positivas para mejorar la salud oral de la población pediátrica en situaciones de vulnerabilidad y resguardo.
Descargas
Referencias
United Nations. Convention on the Rights of the Child. 1989. [consulted February 2026]. Available from: https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/crc.pdf
UNICEF. Putting the Best Interest of Children, Women and their Communities at the Centre of Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response. 2023. [consulted February 2026]. Available from: https://www.unicef.org/reports/putting-best-interest-children-women-and-their-communities-centre
UNICEF. Child Protection Strategy 2021-2030. [consulted February 2026]. Available from: https://www.unicef.org/media/104416/file/Child-Protection-Strategy-2021.pdf
Goddard A. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Trauma-Informed Care. J Pediatr Health Care. 2021; 35 (2): 145-155.
Szilagyi M.A., Rosen D.S., Rubin D., et al. Health Care Issues for Children and Adolescents in Foster Care and Kinship Care. Pediatrics. 2015; 136 (4): e1142-e1166.
American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Management of dental patients with special health care needs. The Reference Manual of Pediatric Dentistry. Chicago, Ill.: American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry; 2025: 364-71.
Tate A.R., Fisher-Owens S.A., Spiller L., et al. Oral and Dental Aspects of Child Abuse and Neglect: Clinical Report. Pediatrics. 2024; 154 (3): e2024068024.
Sistema Nacional para el Desarrollo Integral de la Familia (SNDIF, México). Reglamento General para los Centros de Asistencia Social y establecimientos asistenciales habilitados del Sistema Nacional para el Desarrollo Integral de la Familia. (General Regulations for Social Assistance Centers and authorized healthcare facilities of the National System for the Comprehensive Development of the Family). 2022. [consulted February 2026]. Available from: http://sitios.dif.gob.mx/normateca/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/ReglamentoGeneralCAS.pdf
Petersen P.E., Baez R.J., World Health Organization. Oral health surveys: basic methods, 5th ed. 2013.
Bahanan L., Ayoub S. The association between adverse childhood experiences and oral health: A systematic review. J Public Health Dent. 2023; 83 (2): 169-176.
Marra J. Care of Diverse Families: Foster Care and Adoption. FP Essent. 2023; 524: 7-13.
Mytton O.T., Donaldson L., Goddings A.L., et al. Changing patterns of health risk in adolescence: implications for health policy. Lancet Public Health. 2024; 9 (8): e629-e634.
American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Policy on ethical responsibilities in the oral health care management of infants, children, adolescents, and individuals with special health care needs. The Reference Manual of Pediatric Dentistry. Chicago, Ill.: American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry; 2025: 26-7.
Erwin J., Horrell J., Wheat H., et al. Access to Dental Care for Children and Young People in Care and Care Leavers: A Global Scoping Review. Dent J (Basel). 2024; 12 (2): 37.
Flaherty E., Legano L., Idzerda S., AAP COUNCIL ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT. Ongoing Pediatric Health Care for the Child Who Has Been Maltreated. Pediatrics. 2019; 143 (4): e20190284.
Valpreda L., Carcieri P., Cabras M., Vecchiati G., Arduino P.G., Bassi F. Frequency and severity of dental caries in foster care children of Turin, Italy: a retrospective cohort study. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2020; 21 (4): 299-302.
Morón E.M., Tomar S.L., Souza R., Balzer J., Savioli C., Shawkat S. Dental Status and Treatment Needs of Children in Foster Care. Pediatr Dent. 2019; 41 (3): 206-210.
Solis-Riggioni A., Gallardo-Barquero C., Chavarria-Bolaños D. Prevalence and Severity of Dental Caries in Foster-Care Children and Adolescents. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2018; 42 (4): 269-272.
Camacho G.A., Camacho E., Rodríguez R.A., et al. Predisposing factors for dental caries in girls at an orphanage of Mexico City. Acta Pediatr Mex. 2009; 30 (2): 71-76.
Raja S., Hoersch M., Rajagopalan C.F., Chang P. Treating patients with traumatic life experiences: providing trauma-informed care. J Am Dent Assoc. 2014; 145 (3): 238-245.
Soleimanpour S., Geierstanger S., Brindis C.D. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Resilience: Addressing the Unique Needs of Adolescents. Acad Pediatr. 2017; 17 (7S): S108-S114.
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Guillermina Preciado-Meza, Jaasiel Ramírez-Rangel, Hiram Daniel López-Santacruz.
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
ODOVTOS - Int. J. Dent. Sc. endorses CC BY-NC-SA
This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. If you remix, adapt, or build upon the material, you must license the modified material under identical terms. CC BY-NC-SA includes the following elements:
BY: credit must be given to the creator.
NC: Only noncommercial uses of the work are permitted.
SA: Adaptations must be shared under the same terms.
