Determination of the Impact Index of Covid19 in El Salvador through demographic, environmental and epidemiological relationship
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/psm.v18i2.42242Keywords:
Covid19, pandemic, municipalities, population density, Covid-19 Impact IndexAbstract
This study was carried out during the Covid19 pandemic that originated in the Republic of China at the end of 2019 and has spread throughout the world since then, taking official records of demographic, environmental and epidemiological information in El Salvador , with the aim of developing a quantitative and qualitative process that demonstrates the variations in cases of Covid19 contagion as a consequence of the pandemic, based on three factors, including the environmental variable; since this can be an agent that regulates the mobility of the pandemic vectors. In addition, the importance of the use of Geographic and Satellite Information Systems is demonstrated, which allow a more complete analysis of health problems at the national, regional and / or global level; above all in decision-making on public health policies, since the lack of knowledge for decision-making in the face of this new pandemic has been evidenced. The most substantial product of this research is a thematic map of the impact of the pandemic at the country level divided by municipalities, where it shows that the cities with the highest population density and the lowest environmental quality are those that have been most affected. Therefore, in the future it is necessary not to centralize all economic activity in a few places, in addition to the importance of the environments that exist in each municipality for the well-being of people. Finally, a statistical analysis is carried out through the decision tree that supports the aforementioned.
Downloads
References
Alcántara Moreno, G. (2008). La definición de salud de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y la Interdisciplinariedad. Revista Universitaria de Investigación, 9(1), 93-107.
Aránguez Ruíz, E., Soto Zabalgogeazcoa, M. J., Iriso Calle, A., Collantes, C. d., & García García, J. F. (2005). Sistemas de Información Geográfica y salud pública en la comunidad de Madrid. Serie geográfica, (12) 137-146.
Barrientos, M. R., Cruz, R. N., Acosta, M. H., Rabatte, S. I., Gogeascoechea, T. M., Pavón, L., & Blázquez, M. S. (2009). Arboles de decisión como herramienta en el diagnóstico médico. Revista Médica de la Universidad Veracruzana, 9(2), 19-24.
Berlanga Silvente, V., Rubio Hurtado, M. J., & Vilà Baños, R. (2013). Cómo aplicar árboles de decisión en SPSS. . REIRE Revista de Innovación e Investigación en Educación, 6(1), 65-79.
Cabieses, B., Bernales, M., Obach, A., & Pedrero, V. (2016). Vulnerabilidad social y su efecto en salud en Chile. Santiago, Chile: Universidad del Desarrollo.
Cardona Hernandez, P. A. (2004). Aplicación de árboles de decisión en modelos de riesgo crediticio. Revista Colombiana de Estadística, 27(2), 139-151.
Centro de Coordinación de Alertas y Emergencias Sanitarias. (2020). Enfermedad por coronavirus, COVID-19. Madrid, España: Minsiterio de Sanidad .
Díaz-Castrillón, F. J., & Toro-Montoya, A. I. (2020). SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: el virus, la enfermedad y la pandemia. Medicina y Laboratorio, 24(3), 183-205.
Dirección General de Estadística y Censos de El Salvador. (2008). VI CENSO DE POBLACIÓN Y VIVIENDA 2007. San Salvador, El Salvador: Ministerio de Economía.
Hernández, E. (18 de octubre de 2018). ¿Sabes cuál es el departamento de El Salvador con más bosques?. El diario de Hoy, Recuperado de https://www.elsalvador.com/noticias/nacional/sabes-cual-es-el-departamento-de-el-salvador-con-mas-bosques/530278/2018/
Mejía, R. (2019). Sistemas de información geográfica y su aporte a la salud pública en El Salvador. Alerta, 1(2), 71-74, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5377/alerta.v2i1.7533
Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales. (2014). Quinto Informe Nacional para el Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica. San Salvador, El Salvador: Quezada Díaz, J.E.
Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales. (2020). Inventario Nacional de Bosques de El Salvador. Recuperado de https://www.marn.gob.sv/inventario-nacional-bosques/
Ministerio de Salud. (22 de mayo de 2020). Situación Nacional COVID-19 [Sitio web]. Recuperado de https://covid19.gob.sv/
Oficina de la Coordinadora Residente y la Oficina para la Coordinación de Asuntos Humanitarios, Naciones Unidas El Salvador. (2020). El Salvador: Covid-19. San Salvador [Sitio web]. Recuperado de https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/El%20Salvador%20-%20COVID-19%20Informe%20de%20situaci%C3%B3n%20No.%207%20-%20Al%2011%20de%20mayo%202020.pdf
Oliva, J., Delgado, C., & Larrauri, A. (2019). Guía para la evaluación de la gravedad de las epidemias y pandemias de gripe en España. Madrid, España: Centro Nacional de Epidemiología & Instituto de Salud Carlos III.
Pita Fernández, S., Vila Alonso, M., & Carpente Montero, J. (2002). Determinación de factores de riesgo. Coruña, España: Complexo Hospitalario Juan Canalejo.
Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente. (2020). Trabajar con el medio ambiente para proteger a las personas [Sitio web]. Recuperado de https://www.unenvironment.org/es/resources/trabajar-con-el-medio-ambiente-para-proteger-las-personas-la-respuesta-del-pnuma-la-covid
Royo Bordonada, M. Á., & Moreno, J. D. (2009). Método epidemiológico. Madrid, España: Escuela Nacional de Sanidad.
Suárez Lastra, M., Valdés González, C., Galindo Pérez, M., Salvador Guzmán, L., Ruiz Rivera, N., Alcántara-Ayala, I., . . . Oropeza Orozco, O. (2020). Índice de vulnerabilidad ante el COVID-19 en México. Investigaciones Geográficas, 102(2), 1-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14350/rig.60140
Welle, T., Witting, M., Birkmann, J., & Brossmann, M. (2014). Valoración y Seguimiento de la Resiliencia Climática. Bonn, Alemania: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH.
Worl Healht Organization. (22 de Mayo de 2020). Preguntas y respuestas sobre la enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) [Sitio web]. Recuperado de https://www.who.int/es/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public/q-a coronaviruses?gclid=EAIaIQobChMImaaJ1cbe6QIVjonICh0gTAY6EAAYASAAEgLpj_D_BwE
World Healht Organization. (2009). Strengthening Response to Pandemics and other Public Health Emergencies. Paris, France: WHO Library cataloguing.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 César Armando Alvarado Batres, Leonel Ernesto Méndez Gutiérrez, Mr.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Population and Health in Mesoamerica informs its authors and readers that all publications must be submitted with the Letter of Acceptance of Copyright Conditions where the authors are asked for authorization to submit the article to the Journal for consideration so that it may carry out any of the following activities:
- The graphic and style editing of the work or part of it.
The publication and reproduction of the work or part of it, both in print and electronic media, including the Internet and any other known or unknown technology.
The translation of the work or part of it into any language or dialect.
The adaptation of the work to reading, sound, voice and any other available technical representation or mechanism, which makes possible its access for partially or totally blind people, or with any other form of special abilities that prevent their access to the conventional reading of the article.
The distribution and availability of the work to the public, in such a way that the public may have access to them from the time and place that each person chooses, through the physical or electronic mechanisms available to them.
Any other form of use, process or system known or to be known that is related to the activities and editorial purposes to which the Journal is linked.
You can access the Letter by clicking HERE. If you have a question, please write to revista.ccp@ucr.ac.cr
In addition, the content of this site is protected under the Attribution - Noncommercial - Share Alike (by-nc-sa) license which permits commercial use of the original work or derivative works and distribution of which must be made under the same license that governs the original work. The graphic design, images and texts generated by the e-Information Science magazine are property of the Universidad de Costa Rica and are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International.
Authors who publish in this journal accept the following conditions:
-The authors retain their moral rights over the publication and assign the patrimonial rights mentioned in the Letter of Assignment of Rights with the Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - Compatitr Equal 4.0 International license, which allows third parties to use what is published as long as they mention the authorship of the work and to the first publication in this journal.
-Authors may make other independent and additional contractual arrangements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the article published in this journal (e.g., inclusion in an institutional repository or publication in a book) as long as they clearly indicate that the work was first published in this journal.
This policy is established in accordance with Law 6638 on Copyright and Related Rights of the Republic of Costa Rica.
