Abstract
The study was made to determine the bond strength to enamel of the self-etching bonding system Transbond Plus SE Primer (TBSEP) limited 3M ESPE, when applied at different time intervals after mixing its components, and before bonding the orthodontic brackets. A collection of 30 recently extracted premolars, caries and restoration free, were placed over acrylic resin for support. They were divided into three groups: CG: where brackets were bonded over the enamel surface using Transbond Plus Self-etching Primer ( limited 3M ESPE, St Paul, MN) as recommended by the manufacturer. In group EG1; 4 minutes after mixing the bonding agent components before bonding the brackets to the enamel. In group EG2; 4 hours after mixing TBSEP components, before bonding the brackets to the enamel. The adhesion strength may be affected by the time lapsed at the moment of placing the brackets. Specimens were stored in water at 37° C for 30 days before being tested for shear in a universal testing machine (Tinius Olsen H10KS) at a 0.1 cm/min crosshead speed. Data were recorded in MPa and analyzed using a one-way ANOVA calculated at a 0.05 significance level.
Results: No statistical differences were found among groups. Bond strength of EG2 was less than 1 MPa different from the control group. The highest bond strength was from group EG1 which used the bonding system to bond the brackets 4 minutes after it was mixed.
Conclusions: Waiting up to 4 hours after mixing TBSEP components does not affects the bond strength of the orthodontic bracket to enamel.
References
Abdelnabya, Y; Essam, S.A. (2010). “Effect of early orthodontic forcé on shear bond strenght of orthodontic brackets with different adhesive systems.” American Journal of Orthodontics and DentofacialOrthopedics. Vol 138, núm. 2.
Aguilera, Anibal; Guachalla, J; Urbina, G; Sierra, M; Valenzuela, V. (2001). “Sistema adhesivo de autograbado.” Revista dental de Chile. Vol92, núm 2, 23- 28.
Berasategi, L. A. (2011). “Sistemas Adhesivos Autograbantes.”
Bishara, S. (2010). “Bonding and debonding from metal to ceramic: reserch and its clínicaaplication.” Seminars in orthodontics. Vol 16, 24-36.
Camejo, D. G; De Haro, F; Menéndez, M; González, S. (2004). “Comparación de la resistencia adhesiva al cizallamiento de dos adhesivos utilizados para la cementación directa de brackets.” Ortodoncia Clínica. Vol 7(2), 98-104.
Can Saya, E; Masatoshi, N; Pisol, S; Mubin, S; Fusun, O; Miwako, O; Junji, T. (2006). “Microtensile bond strenght of a filled vs unfilled adhesive to dentin using self-etch and total-etch technique.” Journal of Dentistry. Vol 34, 283-291.
Cehreli; Zafer, C; Derfne; Kecik and IlkenKocaderelic. (2003). “Effect of self-etching primer and adehsive formulations on the shear bond strenght of orthodontic brackets.” The American Association of Orthodontists.Vol 10 12.027.
Chan, J; Ferreto , I. (2010). “Comparación de la fuerza de adhesión de brackets a esmalte dental con un sistema exclusivo para ortodoncia y un sistema restaurativo.” Trabajo Final de Graduación, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.
Chu C.H et al (2010) “Orthodontic bonding with self- etchingprimerandself-adhesivesystems”.European Journal of Orthodontics 33 (2011) 276–281.
Eliades, T. (2010). “Polymerization lamps and photocuring in orthodontics.” Seminarsinorthodontics.Vol 16,83-90.
Erickson Robert L; Wayne, W; Barkmeier, Mark A; Latta. (2009). “The role of etching in bonding to enamel: a comparison of self etching and etch – and-rinse adhesive systems.” Dental Materials. Vol 25, 1459-1467.
Frankenbergera, R; Franklin, R; Tay. (2005). “Self-etch vrs etch-and-rinse adhesives: effect of thermo mechanical fatigue loading on marginal quality of bonded resin composite restorations.” Dental Material. Vol 21, 397.
Giachetti, L; Daniele, S; Bertini, F; Pierloni, F; Nieri, M. (2007) “Effect of operator skill in relation to microleakeage of total-etch and self-etch bonding systems.” Journal of Dentistry. Vol 35, 289-293.
Gibas, M; Tanasiewicz, M; Raczkowska, A; and Malec, W. (2009). “Quantitative Analysis of Fractured Surfaces in PMnEDM-Based Dental Adhesive Bonds by Use of Optical Microscopy.” The Journal of Adhesion. Vol85, 932–940.
Godinho, J; Oliveira, S. A.S; Jardim, L. (2007). “Comparison of Two Self-Etching Primers and Effect o Saliva Contamination on Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets.” Revista Portuguesa de Estomatologia, Medicina Dentária e Cirurgia Maxilofacial. Vol 48, N°4.
Hernández, V;Bravo-González, L.A. (2005). “Resistencia a las fuerzas de cizalla del sistema APC Plus. Estudio in vitro.” RCOE. Vol 10 núm. (1), 61-65.
Hueb, M; Assuncao, T; Hueb, F; Borges, A; Silveira, B.A; Correa, A. D. (2011) “Influencia de la orientación de los túbulos dentinarios en la resistencia de unión utilizando dos tipos de sistemas adhesivos.” Acta Odontológica Venezolana.Vol 49 No 1.
LamperT. et al (2011). ”Doesareductionofpolymerization time and bonding steps affect the bond strenghtof brackets”. Clin oral invest 16: 665-671
López, S; Palma, J; Guerrero, J; Ballesteros, M; Elorza, H. (2004). “Fuerza de retención al esmalte con adhesivos usados en ortodoncia, utilizando dos tipos de base de brackets (estudio comparativo in vitro).” Revista odontológica Mexicana.Vol. 8, Núm. 4, 122-126.
Luque, H. (2008). “Fuerza de adhesión de brackets reacondicionados con diferentes técnicas adheridas repetidas veces en la misma superficie del esmalte.” Odontología Sanmarquina. Vol 11, núm 2, 60-65.
Manterola, C. (2008). “El valor de “p” y la “significación estadística”. Aspectos generales y su valor en la práctica clínica.” Interpretation of medical statistics. Rev. Chilena de Cirugía. Vol 60, No 1.
Melek D.T, Nuray A., Yonca K. and Aylin Gokcelik (2011).”Comparison of shear bond strengths of orthodontic brackets bonded with flowable composites”. Dental Materials Journal30(1): 66–71
Melo, P. M; De Oliveira R. A C; Franzotti, S. E. “Effect of bleaching with hydrogen peroxide into different concentrations on shear strength of brackets bonded with a resin-modified glass ionomer.” Braz J Oral Sci.Vol 7 núm 24, 1483-1488.
Ogaard, Bjorn. (2010) “The enamel surface and bonding in orthodontics.” Seminars in orthodontics. Vol 16, núm 1, 37-48.
Pelossi, P. L; Kwin, A. L. (2007). “Resistencia adhesiva de brackets cementados con un sistema autoacondicionante de bajo ph.” Trabajo de investigación. Vol 70 No 1 41.
Reicheneder, C. (2009). “Shear and tensile bond strench comparison of various contemporany orthondontic andhesive system: an in-vitro study.” American Journal of Orthodontic and dentofacialorthopedics.
Reyes, J. (2001). “Estudio del esmalte dental humano por microscopia electrónica y técnicas afines.”Revista Latinoamericana de Metalurgia y Materiales. Vol. 21 N° 2, 81-85.
Rossouw, E. (2010). “A historical overview of the development of the acid-etch bonding systems in orthodontics.” Seminars in orthodontics. Vol 16. N 1, 2-23.
Senawongse, P; Sattabanasuk, V; Shimada, Y; Otsuki, M; Tagami, J. (2004) “Bond Strengths of Current adhesive Systems on intact and ground enamel.” Journal of esthetic and restaurativedentistry. Vol 16, núm 2.
Scougall, R; Zàrate, C; Hotta, M; Yamamoto, K. (2008) “Efectos de un nuevo agente de autograbado en la resistencia al descementado de las bracketsortodonticas.” Rev EspOrtod. Vol 38, 207-12.
Scougall-Vilchis, Ohashi, and Yamamoto (2009).”Effects of 6 self-etching primers on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets”American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. Vol 135, Num4.
Scougall, V.R.J; Mimura, S; Yamamoto, K. (2007). “Propiedades de un adhesivo ortodóntico liberador de fluoruro que contiene partículas de relleno tipo s-Prg.” RevEspOrtod. Vol 37.
Scougall V.R.J. (2010). “Evidencia científica para la aplicación de los agentes de autograbado en ortodoncia clínica.” Revista ADM. Vol 67 (1), 8- 12.
Türkkahraman, P. (2007). “Bleaching and Desensitizer Application Effects on Shear Bond Strengths of Orthodontic Brackets.” The Angle Orthodontist. Vol 7, No. 3, 489–493.
Wiltshire, W. (2010). “The clinical and laboratory prespectives of improved aorthodontic bonding to normal, hypoplasic and fluorosed enamel.” Seminars in orthodontics.Vol 16. N 1, 55-65.
Yousef M, A; Drummond L, J; Evans C.A; Bakhsh Z.(2011).”In vitro evaluation of seld etch bonding in orthodontics using cyclic fatigue Part I, Shear testing methods”. Angle orthodontist. Vol 81, Num 5.