Keywords
Odontología; Salud bucodental; Probióticos.
How to Cite
Abstract
To describe the scientific literature on the uses and application of probiotics in dentistry. An electronic search was carried out without date restriction in the PubMed and Scopus databases. The articles were compiled, and their characteristics, objectives and methods were studied using the following keywords: "probiotics", "S. mutans", "oral health", "biofilm", among others. For the present literature review, 10 studies were chosen that investigate the probiotic action of certain strains such as Lactobaccillus and Bifidobacterium in periodontal and orthodontic treatments, among others. These studies proved their efficacy in different types of presentations such as tablets and yogurt, in different types of populations such as infants, young people and older adults. Finally, a large part of these studies determined biofilm reduction. Based on the research articles, strains such as Lactobaccillus and Bifidobacterium showed positive effects in the reduction of bacterial plaque such as S. mutans in short- and long-term periods in different populations. There is a large production of studies concerning the application of probiotics in dentistry. However, it is necessary to carry out studies with other types of bacteria and different vehicles to determine more precisely which species help to maintain oral health.
References
Patro B.K., Ravi Kumar B., Goswami A., Mathur V.P., Nongkynrih B. Prevalence of dental caries among adults and elderly in an urban resettlement colony of New Delhi. Indian J Dent Res. 2008; 19 (2): 95-98.
Lin T.H., Lin C.H., Pan T.M. The implication of probiotics in the prevention of dental caries. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2018; 102: 577-586.
Chokshi A., Mahesh P., Sharada P., Chokshi K., Anupriya S., Ashwini B.K. A correlative study of the levels of salivary Streptococcus mutans, lactobacilli and Actinomyces with dental caries experience in subjects with mixed and permanent dentition. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2016; 20 (1): 25-28.
Manmontri C., Nirunsittirat A., Piwat S., Wattanarat O., Pahumunto N., Makeudom A., Sastraruji T., Krisanaprakornkit S., Teanpaisan R. Reduction of Streptococcus mutans by probiotic milk: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Clin Oral Investig. 2020; 24 (7): 2363-2374.
Laleman I., Teughels W. Probiotics in the dental practice: a review. Quintessence Int. 2015; 46 (3): 255-264.
Flichy-Fernández A.J., Ata-Ali J., Alegre-Domingo T., Candel-Martí E., Ata-Ali F., Palacio J.R., Peñarrocha-Diago M. The effect of orally administered probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri-containing tablets in peri-implant mucositis: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. J Periodontal Res. 2015; 50 (6): 775-785.
Costacurta M., Sicuro L., Margiotta S., Ingrasciotta I., Docimo R. Clinical Effects of Lactobacillus reuteri Probiotic in Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis. A Randomized, Controlled Trial. Oral Implantol. 2018; 11: 191-198.
Sánchez B., Delgado S., Blanco-Míguez A., Lourenço A., Gueimonde M., Margolles A. Probiotics, gut microbiota, and their influence on host health and disease. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2017; 61 (1): 1-15.
Detmade S.C. Probiotics: contributions to oral and dental health. Oral Health Dent Manage. 2015; 14: 345-347.
Shaalan O., Gad H.M.A., Riad M.I. Comparison of Antibacterial Effect of Probiotic Yogurt and Xylitol-Containing Chewing Gum in Geriatric Patients: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2021; 55 (4): 380-389.
Alhallak E., Kouchaje C., Hasan A., Makieh R. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Probiotic Mouthwashes in Reducing Dental Plaque in Primary and Permanent Teeth: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Cureus. 2022; 14 (8): 28125-28130.
Kang M.S., Lee D.S., Lee S.A., Kim M.S., Nam S.H. Effects of probiotic bacterium Weissella cibaria CMU on periodontal health and microbiota: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. BMC Oral Health. 2020; 20 (1): 243-255.
Staszczyk M., Jamka-Kasprzyk M., Kościelniak D., Cienkosz-Stepańczak B., Krzyściak W., Jurczak A. Effect of a Short-Term Intervention with Lactobacillus salivarius Probiotic on Early Childhood Caries-An Open Label Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19 (19): 12447-12466.
Morales A., Gandolfo A., Bravo J., Carvajal P., Silva N., Godoy C., Garcia-Sesnich J., Hoare A., Diaz P., Gamonal J. Microbiological and clinical effects of probiotics and antibiotics on nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized placebo- controlled trial with 9-month follow-up. J Appl Oral Sci. 2018; 26: 1-9.
Kamble A., Jabin Z., Agarwal N., Anand A. Effectiveness of Oral Probiotics in Reducing S. Mutans Count in Caries-active Children: A Comparison with Chlorhexidine and Herbal Mouthrinse (Hiora®). Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2022; 15 (2): 207-211.
Invernici M.M., Salvador S.L., Silva P.H.F., Soares M.S.M., Casarin R., Palioto D.B., Souza S.L.S., Taba M. Jr., Novaes A.B. Jr., Furlaneto F.A.C., Messora M.R. Effects of Bifidobacterium probiotic on the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2018; 45 (10): 1198-1210.
Alforaidi S., Bresin A., Almosa N., Lehrkinder A., Lingström P. Effect of drops containing Lactobacillus reuteri (DSM 17938 and ATCC PTA 5289) on plaque acidogenicity and other caries-related variables in orthodontic patients. BMC Microbiol. 2021; 21 (1): 271-281.
Bafna H.P., Ajithkrishnan C.G., Kalantharakath T., Singh R.P., Kalyan P., Vathar J.B., Patel H.R. Effect of Short-term Consumption of Amul Probiotic Yogurt Containing Lactobacillus acidophilus La5 and Bifidobacterium Lactis Bb12 on Salivary Streptococcus mutans Count in High Caries Risk Individuals. Int J Appl Basic Med Res. 2018; 8 (2):111-115.
Krupa N.C., Thippeswamy H.M., Chandrashekar B.R. Antimicrobial efficacy of Xylitol, Probiotic and Chlorhexidine mouth rinses among children and elderly population at high risk for dental caries - A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Prev Med Hyg. 2022; 63 (2): 282-287.
Kilian M., Chapple I.L., Hannig M., Marsh P.D., Meuric V., Pedersen A.M., Tonetti M.S., Wade W.G,. Zaura E. The oral microbiome - an update for oral healthcare professionals. Br Dent J. 2016; 221 (10): 657-666.
Eick S. Oral Biofilms. In: Lussi A., Buzalaf M.A.R., editors. Monographs in Oral Science. Karger Publishers; Basel, Switzerland: 2021.
Jiao Y., Tay F.R., Niu L.N., Chen J.H. Advancing antimicrobial strategies for managing oral biofilm infections. Int J Oral Sci. 2019; 11 (3): 28-30.
Shaalan O., Gad H.M.A., Riad M.I. Comparison of Antibacterial Effect of Probiotic Yogurt and Xylitol-Containing Chewing Gum in Geriatric Patients: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2021; 55 (4): 380-389.
Ghasemi E., Mazaheri R., Tahmourespour A. Effect of Probiotic Yogurt and Xylitol-Containing Chewing Gums on Salivary S Mutans Count. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2017; 41 (4): 257-263.
Odanaka H., Obama T., Sawada N., Sugano M., Itabe H., Yamamoto M. Comparison of protein profiles of the pellicle, gingival crevicular fluid, and saliva: possible origin of pellicle proteins. Biol Res. 2020; 53 (1): 2-10.
Ikram S., Hassan N., Baig S., Borges K.J.J., Raffat M.A., Akram Z. Effect of local probiotic (Lactobacillus reuteri) vs systemic antibiotic therapy as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment in chronic periodontitis. J Investig Clin Dent. 2019; 10 (2): 12393-12393.
Costacurta, M.; Sicuro, L.; Margiotta, S.; Ingrasciotta, I. Clinical Effects of Lactobacillus Reuteri Probiotic in Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis. A Randomized, Controlled Trial. Oral Implant. 2018, 11, 191-198.
Amato, M.; di Spirito, F.; D’Ambrosio, F.; Boccia, G.; Moccia, G.; de Caro, F. Probiotics in Periodontal and Peri-Implant Health Management: Biofilm Control, Dysbiosis Reversal, and Host Modulation. Microorganisms 2022; 10 (11): 2289-2292.
Jurić H., Škrinjarić I., Bošnjak A. Effectiveness of different preventive procedures in the control of some caries risk factors. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2007; 41: 39-48.
Ghasemi E., Mazaheri R., Tahmourespour A. Effect of probiotic yogurt and xylitol-containing chewing gums on salivary S mutans count. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2017; 41 (4): 257-263.
Wang J., Liu Y., Wang W., Ma J., Zhang M., Lu X., Liu J., Kou Y. The rationale and potential for using Lactobacillus in the management of periodontitis. J. Microbiol. 2022; 60: 355-363.
Wu F., Fang B., Wuri G., Zhao L., Liu F., Zhang M. Metagenomic Analysis Reveals a Mitigating Role for Lactobacillus paracasei and Bifidobacterium animalis in Experimental Periodontitis. Nutrients. 2022; 14 (10): 2125-2128
Kuru B.E., Laleman I., Yalnızoğlu T., Kuru L., Teughels W. The Influence of a Bifidobacterium animalis Probiotic on Gingival Health: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Periodontol. 2017; 88 (11): 1115-1123.
Jäsberg H., Tervahartiala T., Sorsa T., Söderling E., Haukioja A. Probiotic intervention influences the salivary levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and Tissue Inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 in healthy adults. Arch Oral Biol. 2018; 85: 58-63.
Schumacher M.G., Zurcher A., Filippi A. Evaluation of a halitosis clinic over a period of eleven years. Swiss Dent J. 2017; 127: 846-851.
Herman S., Lisowska G., Herman J., Wojtyna E., Misiolek M. Genuine halitosis in patients with dental and laryngological etiologies of mouth odor: severity and role of oral hygiene behaviors. Eur J Oral Sci. 2018; 126 (2): 101-109.
Patil S., Acharya S., Hathiwala S., Singhal D.K., Srinivasan S.R., Khatri S. Evaluation of the efficacy of G32 (commercially available ayurvedic preparation) in reducing halitosis -a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017; 11 (9): 79-83.
Penala S., Kalakonda B., Pathakota K. R., Jayakumar A., Koppolu P., Lakshmi B. V., et al. Efficacy of local use of probiotics as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis and halitosis: a randomized controlled trial. J. Res. Pharm. Pract. 2016; 5, 86-93.
Mummolo S., Nota A., Albani F., Marchetti E., Gatto R., Marzo G., Quinzi V., Tecco S. Salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli and other salivary indices in patients wearing clear aligners versus fixed orthodontic appliances: An observational study. 2020; 15: 2-10.
Dehghani M., Abtahi M., Hasanzadeh N., et al. Effect of Propolis mouthwash on plaque and gingival indices over fixed orthodontic patients. J Clin Exp Dent. 2019; 11 (3): 244-249.
Kilian M., Chapple I.L., Hannig M., Marsh P.D., Meuric V., Pedersen A.M., Tonetti M.S., Wade W.G., Zaura E. The oral microbiome - an update for oral healthcare professionals. Br Dent J. 2016; 221: 657-66.
Ishikawa K.H., Bueno M.R., Kawamoto D., Simionato M.R., Mayer M.P. Lactobacilli postbiotics reduce biofilm formation and alter transcription of virulence genes of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Mol Oral Microbiol. 2021; 36: 92-102.
Ricoldi M.S.T., Furlaneto F.A.C., Oliveira L.F.F., Teixeira G.C., Pischiotini J.P., Moreira A.L.G., et al. Effects of the probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis on the non-surgical treatment of periodontitis. A histomorphometric, microtomographic and immunohistochemical study in rats. PLoS One. 2017 ;12 (6): 2-15.
Yousuf A., Nagaraj A., Ganta S., Sidiq M., Pareek S., Vishnani P., Acharya S., Singh K. Comparative evaluation of commercially available freeze dried powdered probiotics on mutans streptococci count: A randomized, double blind, clinical study. J Dent 2015; 12: 729-738.
İnce G., Gürsoy H., İpçi Ş.D., Cakar G., Emekli-Alturfan E., Yılmaz S. Clinical and biochemical evaluation of lozenges containing Lactobacillus reuteri as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy in chronic periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2015; 86: 746-754.
Jäsberg H., Söderling E., Endo A., Beighton D., Haukioja A. Bifidobacteria inhibit the growth ofPorphyromonas gingivalisbut not ofStreptococcus mutansin an in vitro biofilm model. Eur J Oral Sci. 2016; 124 (3): 251-258.
Allaker R.P., Stephen A.S. Use of probiotics and oral health. Curr Oral Health Rep. 2017; 4 (4): 309-18.
Swanson K.S., Gibson G.R., Hutkins R., Reimer R.A., Reid G., Verbeke K., et al. The international scientific association for probiotics and prebiotics [ISAPP] consensus statement on the definition and scope of synbiotics. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020; 17: 687-701.
Faraz A., Arathi R., Vishwas S., Srikanth N., Karuna Y.M., Suprabha B.S. In vitro evaluation of probiotic strains for lactic acid production. J Clin Exp Dent. 2019; 11 (4): 340-345.
Bizzarro S., Loos B.G., Laine M.L., Crielaard W., Zaura E. Subgingival microbiome in smokers and non-smokers in periodontitis: an exploratory study using traditional targeted techniques and a next-generation sequencing. J Clin Periodontol. 2013; 40 (5): 483-492.
Keller M.K., Kressirer C.A., Belstrøm D., Twetman S., Tanner A.C.R. Oral microbial profiles of individuals with different levels of sugar intake. J Oral Microbiol. 2017; 9 (1): 1355207-1355211.
Belstrøm D., Sembler-Møller M.L., Grande M.A., Kirkby N., Cotton S.L., Paster B.J., Twetman S., Holmstrup P. Impact of Oral Hygiene Discontinuation on Supragingival and Salivary Microbiomes. JDR Clin Trans Res. 2018; 3 (1): 57-64.
Patil R.U., Daspoor P.P., Unde M.P. Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial effectiveness of probiotic milk and fluoride mouthrinse on salivary Streptococcus mutans conts and plaque scores in children. An in vivo experimental study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2019; 37 (4): 378-382.
Iwauchi M., Horigome A., Ishikawa K., Mikuni A., Nakano M., Xiao J.Z., Odamaki T., Hironaka S. Relationship between oral and gut microbiota in elderly people. Immun Inflamm Dis. 2019; 7 (3): 229-236.
Xu A.A., Hoffman K., Gurwara S., White D.L., Kanwal F., El-Serag H.B., Petrosino J.F., Jiao L. Oral Health and the Altered Colonic Mucosa-Associated Gut Microbiota. Dig Dis Sci. 2021; 66 (9): 2981-2991.
Lin Y.J., Chou C.C., Hsu C.S. Effects of Lactobacillus casei Shirota intake on caries risk in children. J Dent Sci. 2017;12 (2): 179-184.
Lee J.K., Kim S.J., Ko S.H., Ouwehand A.C., Ma D.S. Modulation of the host response by probiotic Lactobacillus brevis CD2 in experimental gingivitis. Oral Dis. 2015; 21 (6): 705-712.
Laleman I., Pauwels M., Quirynen M., Teughels W. A dual-strain Lactobacilli reuteri probiotic improves the treatment of residual pockets: A randomized controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol .2020; 47 (1): 43-53.
Schlagenhauf U., Jakob L., Eigenthaler M., Segerer S., Jockel-Schneider Y., Rehn M. Regular consumption of Lactobacillus reuteri-containing lozenges reduces pregnancy gingivitis: an RCT. J Clin Periodontol. 2016; 43 (11): 948-954.
Angarita-Díaz M.P., Forero-Escobar D., Cerón-Bastidas X.A., Cisneros-Hidalgo C.A., Dávila-Narvaez F., Bedoya-Correa C.M., Freitas S.C., Cabrera-Arango C.L., Melo-Colina R. Effects of a functional food supplemented with probiotics on biological factors related to dental caries in children: a pilot study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2020; 21 (1): 161-169.
Mahantesha T., Reddy K.M., Kumar N.H., Nara A., Ashwin D., Buddiga V. Comparative study of probiotic ice cream and probiotic drink on salivary streptococcus mutans levels in 6-12 years age group children. J Int Oral Health. 2015; 7 (9): 47-50.
Manoharan V., Fareed N., Battur H., Praveena J., Ishwar P. Probiotic potential of daily consumption of homemade curd on dental plaque among schoolchildren: A randomized controlled trial. J Indian Assoc Public Health Dent. 2020; 18 (3): 193-198.
Comments
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2024 CC-BY-NC-SA 4.0