Keywords
How to Cite
Abstract
To compare the effectiveness of distraction techniques in pain management during the administration of dental anesthesia in pediatric procedures. This observational, longitudinal, and descriptive study included a sample of 64 pediatric patients: 36 females (56.25%) and 28 males (43.75%), with an average age of 7.3±1.5 years. The participants were divided into two groups: one using audiovisual distraction (32 patients) and the other using audio distraction (32 patients). Pain levels were assessed using the Wong-Baker scale before and after the procedure, and the SEM scale during the procedure. Based on the SEM scale, no statistically significant differences were observed between the two techniques during the procedure (p>0.05), indicating equal effectiveness. Similarly, the Wong-Baker scale showed no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) in pain perception after the procedure between the two techniques. Both audiovisual and audio distraction techniques are effective for pain management during the administration of dental anesthesia in pediatric patients.
References
Valenzuela A., Valenzuela M.R., Valenzuela R. Técnica de distracción audiovisual para el control de la ansiedad en niño. Av Odontoestomatol. 2019; 35 (1): 27-31. doi:10.4321/s0213-12852019000100004
Sadeghi M., Sarlak H., Nakhostin A., Almasi-Hashiani A. Which audio distraction technique is more effective for reduction the pain and anxiety of pediatric dental patients; “music” or “kids-story”? A randomized split-mouth crossover clinical trial. J Psychosom Res. 2023; 168 (111218): 111218. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111218
Lima K.M., Maia A.H., Bezerra M. Psicologia e odontopediatria: possibilidade de atuação em uma clínica - escola. Rev expr catól saúde. 2016; 1 (1): 133-137. doi: 10.25191/recs.v1i1.1394
Felemban O.M., Alshamrani R.M., Aljeddawi D.H., Bagher S.M. Effect of virtual reality distraction on pain and anxiety during infiltration anesthesia in pediatric patients: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Oral Health. 2021; 21 (1): 321. doi:10.1186/s12903-021-01678-x
Cuya R.A., Campos K.J. Técnicas de distracción utilizadas en Odontopediatría para la atención de niños de 5 a 10 años. Revisión de la literatura. spor. 2023; 22 (1): 48-57. doi:10.33738/spo.v22i1.238
Khan S.Y., Jamil F., Jindal M.K. Effectiveness of audiovisual distraction technique and filmed modeling on anxiety and fear in pediatric dental patients. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2023; 16 (4): 598-602. doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2627
Gupta N., Rajan M., Burman A., Sharma N., Gupta P., Siddiqui A. Effectiveness of audio distraction technique in management of anxious of pediatric dental patients- A randomized control trial. Annals of RSCB. 2021; 25 (6): 2958-64. Available from: http://annalsofrscb.ro/index.php/journal/article/view/6011
Küchler E., Barreiros D., de Oliveira D.B., de Queiroz A., da Silva R.B., de Paula-Silva F.G. Audiovisual distraction methods for anxiety in children during dental treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2018; 36 (1): 2-8. doi: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_188_16
Aditya P.V., Prasad M.G., Nagaradhakrishna A., Raju N.S., Babu D.N. Comparison of effectiveness of three distraction techniques to allay dental anxiety during inferior alveolar nerve block in children: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Heliyon. 2021; 7 (9): 08092. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08092
Tran T.H., Konara S.P., Huang M.C. Effects of distraction on reducing pain during invasive procedures in children with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pain Manag Nurs. 2022; 23 (3): 281-92. doi:10.1016/j.pmn.2021.12.002
Chen Y.J., Cheng S.F., Lee P.C., Lai C.H., Hou I.C., Chen C.W. Distraction using virtual reality for children during intravenous injections in an emergency department: A randomised trial. J Clin Nurs. 2020; 29 (3-4): 503-10. doi:10.1111/jocn.15088
Navit S. Effectiveness and comparison of various audio distraction aids in management of anxious dental paediatric patients. J Clin Diagn Res. 2015; 9 (12): ZC05-9. doi:10.7860/jcdr/2015/15564.6910
Du Q., Ma X., Wang S., Zhou S., Luo C., Tian K. A digital intervention using virtual reality helmets to reduce dental anxiety of children under local anesthesia and primary teeth extraction: A randomized clinical trial. Brain Behav. 2022; 12 (6): 2600. doi:10.1002/brb3.2600
McAlpin E., Levine M., Brenner C., Opazo C., Bathini S., Choi S.J., Louisville M., Grandhi U. Evaluating the effectiveness of a virtual reality simulation for preclinical local anaesthesia dental education. Eur J Dent Educ. 2022; 84 (2): 166-175. doi:10.1111/eje.12854
Bradt J., Teague A. Music interventions for dental anxiety. Oral Dis. 2018; 24 (3): 300-6. doi:10.1111/odi.12615
Delgado A., Ok S.M., Ho D., Lynd T., Cheon K. Evaluation of children’s pain expression and behavior using audio visual distraction. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2021; 7 (5): 795-802. doi:10.1002/cre2.407
Padminee K., Hemalatha R., Shankar P., Senthil D, Jayakaran TG, Kabita S. Effectiveness of biofeedback relaxation and audio-visual distraction on dental anxiety among 7-to 12-year-old children while administering local anaesthesia: A randomized clinical trial. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2022; 32 (1): 31-40. doi:10.1111/ipd.12787
Alshatrat S.M., Sabarini J.M., Hammouri H.M., Al-Bakri I.A., Al-Omari W.M. Effect of immersive virtual reality on pain in different dental procedures in children: A pilot study. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2022; 32 (2): 264-72. doi:10.1111/ipd.12851
Zaidman L., Lusky G., Shmueli A., Halperson E., Moskovitz M., Ram D. Distraction with virtual reality goggles in paediatric dental treatment: A randomised controlled trial. Int Dent J. 2023; 73 (1): 108-13. doi:10.1016/j.identj.2022.06.003
Atak M., Özyazıcıoğlu N. The effect of different audio distraction methods on children's postoperative pain and anxiety. J Perianesth Nurs. 2021; 36 (1): 75-80. doi:10.1016/j.jopan.2020.06.028
Abdelmoniem S.A., Mahmoud S.A. Comparative evaluation of passive, active, and passive-active distraction techniques on pain perception during local anesthesia administration in children. J Adv Res. 2016; 7 (3): 551-556. doi:10.1016/j.jare.2015.10.001
Khandelwal M., Shetty R.M., Rath S. Effectiveness of distraction techniques in managing pediatric dental patients. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2019; 12 (1): 18-24. doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1582
Patil S., Doni B., Kashetty M., Patil S. Comparison of pain perception during the administration of local anaesthesia with computerized delivery system (WAND) and conventional technique in pediatric dental procedure using Visual Analogue scale – A randomised controlled trial. Clin Epidemiol Glob Health. 2020; 8 (3): 642-647. doi:10.1016/j.cegh.2019.11.005
Padminee K., Hemalatha R., Shankar P., Senthil D., Jayakaran T.G., Kabita S. Effectiveness of biofeedback relaxation and audio-visual distraction on dental anxiety among 7- to 12-year-old children while administering local anaesthesia: A randomized clinical trial. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2022; 32 (1): 31-40. doi:10.1111/ipd.12787
Rezende L., Daher C., Tolêdo R., Araujo de Oliveira A. Tratamiento restaurador atraumático para niños hospitalizados. Rev Odontopediatr Latinoam. 2011; 1 (2): 161-168. doi:10.47990/alop.v1i2.90
Gizani S., Seremidi K., Katsouli K., Markouli A., Kloukos D. Basic behavioral management techniques in pediatric dentistry: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent. 2022; 127: 104302. doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104302
Gurav K.M., Kulkarni N., Shetty V., Vinay V., Borade P., Ghadge S., Bhor K. Effectiveness of audio and audio-visual distraction aids for management of pain and anxiety in children and adults undergoing dental treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2022; 46 (2): 86-106. doi:10.17796/1053-4625-46.2.2
Prabhakar A.R., Marwah N., Raju O.S. A comparison between audio and audiovisual distraction techniques in managing anxious pediatric dental patients. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2007; 25 (4): 177-182. doi:10.4103/0970-4388.37014
Cunningham A., McPolin O., Fallis R., Coyle C., Best P., McKenna G. A systematic review of the use of virtual reality or dental smartphone applications as interventions for management of paediatric dental anxiety. BMC Oral Health. 2021; 21 (1): 244. doi:10.1186/s12903-021-01602-3
Rafieinezhad R., Sahebalzam N., Shamsian S., Latifian B. Comparison of the efficacy of Jilo animation approach versus conventional Tell-Show-Do (TSD) technique on cooperation and anxiety levels of children during dental practice: a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Dent. 2020; 21 (4): 284-291. doi:10.30476/dentjods.2020.81897.1001
Serra-Negra J.M., Abreu M.H., Flores-Mendoza C.E., Brant M.O., Auad S.M. The reassuring role of music associated with the personality traits of children during dental care: a randomized clinical trial. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2019; 20 (5): 441-449. doi:10.1007/s40368-019-00422-y
Keeratisiroj O., Sin M., Dennis T. Music therapy and aromatherapy on dental anxiety and fear: A randomized controlled trial. J Dent Sci. 2023; 18 (1): 203-210. doi:10.1016/j.jdsci.2022.06.008
SG G., George S., SA, et al. Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Virtual Reality Distraction, Audio Distraction and Tell-show-do Techniques in Reducing the Anxiety Level of Pediatric Dental Patients: An In Vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2021; 14 (S-2): S173-S178. doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2004
Dixit U.B., Jasani R.R. Comparison of the effectiveness of Bach flower therapy and music therapy on dental anxiety in pediatric patients: A randomized controlled study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2020; 38 (1): 71-78. doi:10.4103/JISPPD.JISPPD_229_19
Kamalapuram N., Kamatham R. Effect of aromatherapy on dental anxiety and pain in children undergoing local anesthetic administrations: a randomized clinical trial. J Caring Sci. 2021; 10 (3): 111-120. doi:10.34172/jcs.2021.026
Ghaderi F, Solhjou N. The effects of lavender aromatherapy on stress and pain perception in children during dental treatment: a randomized clinical trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020;40:101182. doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101182
Loayza S., Azanza S. Eficacia de dos técnicas de acondicionamiento para la atención odontológica de niños de 6 a 10 años de edad de una escuela pública de Quito-Ecuador. Rev Latinoam Odontopediatr. 2017; 7 (2): 115-120. doi:10.47990/alop.v7i2.138
Kharouba J., Peretz B., Blumer S. The effect of television distraction versus Tell-Show-Do as behavioral management techniques in children undergoing dental treatments. Quintessence Int. 2020; 51 (6): 486-494. doi:10.3290/j.qi.a44366
Delgado A., Ok S.-M., Ho D., et al. Evaluation of children's pain expression and behavior using audio visual distraction. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2021; 7 (5): 795-802. doi:10.1002/cre2.407
Kumprasert P., Prapansilp W., Rirattanapong P. Video games, audiovisual, and conventional distractions for pediatric dental patients: A crossover randomized controlled clinical trial. Mahidol Dent J. 2021; 41 (3): 225-234. doi:10.14456/mdentjournal.2021.25
Lemeshow S., Hosmer D.W., Klar J., Lwanga S.K. Adequacy of sample size in health studies. World Health Organization; 1990.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2025 María José Bardales Martínez, Galadriel Avril Coronado Caycho, Rossmary Navarro-Betetta