Palabras clave
Economic inequality
Individualism-collectivism
Independent and interdependent self-concept
Cómo citar
0
Resumen
Objetivo. Analizar la justicia distributiva en función del individualismo-colectivismo cultural y los autoconceptos independiente e interdependiente. Método. La muestra estuvo constituida por españoles y costarricenses (N = 859; M = 33.28; DT = 13.12 años; 37.9% eran hombres y el 62.1% mujeres). Se realizaron análisis de varianza con comparaciones post-hoc para determinar cómo la combinación del contexto cultural y el autoconcepto influyen sobre la justicia distributiva operativizada a partir del juego del ultimátum. Resultados. Las personas participantes que viven en un contexto cultural colectivista aceptan, en mayor medida, las propuestas desiguales, mientras quienes poseen un autoconcepto independiente rechazan las más injustas, y interdependientes y colectivistas (vs. independientes e individualistas) tienen una menor justicia distributiva.
Citas
Aguiar, F. (2019). Justicia distributiva. Eunomía Revista en Cultura de la Legalidad, (17), 207-219. https://doi.org/10.20318/eunomia.2019.5025
Banco Mundial. (2021). Gini index (World Bank estimates). World Bank Group. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI
Binder, C. C. (2019). Redistribution and the individualism–collectivism dimension of culture. Social Indicators Research, 142, 1175-1192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-1964-6
Chaverri, P., & Fernández, I. (2022). Desigualdad y estratificación socioeconómica en relación con el individualismo y el colectivismo cultural: una discusión teórica de su construcción desde la Psicología Social. Revista Virtual Universidad Católica del Norte, (67), 324-364. https://doi.org/10.35575/rvucn.n67a13
Chaverri, P., & Fernández, I. (2024). Análisis de la desigualdad económica desde una perspectiva psicosocial: la influencia del individualismo-colectivismo cultural. Revista Rupturas, 14(2), 145-171. https://revistas.uned.ac.cr/index.php/rupturas/article/view/5416
Cheek, N. N., & Cheek, J. M. (2020). Independent/interdependent self. In B. J. Carducci & C. S. Nave (Eds.), The Wiley encyclopedia of personality and individual differences: Models and theories (pp.257-261) John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Engelmann, J. M., & Tomasello, M. (2019). Children’s sense of fairness as equal respect. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 23(6), 454-463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2019.03.001
Ensminger, J., & Henrich, J. P. (2014). Experimenting with social norms: Fairness and punishment in cross-cultural perspective. Russell Sage Foundation.
Fernández, I., Carrera, P., Páez, D., & Sánchez, F. (2008). Interdependent self-construal, competitive attitudes, culture and emotional reactions on sadness. Psychologia. An International Journal of Psychological Sciences, 51(3), 214-234. http://dx.doi.org/10.2117/psysoc.2008.214
Gorodnichenko, Y., & Roland, G. (2012). Understanding the individualism-collectivism cleavage and its effects: Lessons from cultural psychology. In M. Aoki, T. Kuran & G. Roland (Eds.), Institutions and Comparative Economic Development (pp. 213-236). Palgrave Macmillan UK. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137034014_12
Güth, W., Schmittberger, R., & Schwarze, B. (1982). An experimental analysis of ultimatum bargaining. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 3(4), 367-388. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0167268182900117
Hofstede, G. H. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
Hurley, E. A., Salvador, C. E., & English, K. A. (2021). Self-construal and communalism in Costa Rica: Subjective attitudes vs. implicit behavioral tendencies. Current Psychology, 40, 1711-1719. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-0096-0
Iacobucci, D., Posavac, S. S., Kardes, F. R., Schneider, M. J., & Popovich, D. L. (2015). The median split: Robust, refined, and revived. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 25(1), 690-704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2015.06.014
Inglehart, R., & Oyserman, D. (2004). Individualism, autonomy, self-expression: The human development syndrome. In H. Vinken, J. Soeters & P. Ester (Eds.), Comparing Cultures, Dimensions of Culture in a Comparative Perspective (pp. 73-96). Brill. https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/89924/inglehart__oyserman__2004.pdf;sequence=1
Inglehart, R. F. (2018). Cultural evolution: People’s motivations are changing and reshaping the world. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108613880
Jetten, J., Peters, K., Álvarez, B., Casara, B. G. S., Dare, M., Kirkland, K., Sánchez-Rodríguez, Á., Selvanathan, H. P., Sprong, S., Tanjitpiyanond, P., Wang, Z., & Mols, F. (2021). Consequences of economic inequality for the social and political vitality of society: A social identity analysis. Political Psychology, 42(51), 241-266. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12800
Jost, J. T., & Banaji, M. R. (1994). The role of stereotyping in system-justification and the production of false consciousness. British Journal of Social Psychology, 33(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.1994.tb01008.x
Jost, J. T., Banaji, M. R., & Nosek, B. A. (2004). A decade of system justification theory: Accumulated evidence of conscious and unconscious bolstering of the status quo. Political Psychology, 25(6), 881-919. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9221.2004.00402.x
Krys, K., Vignoles, V. L., de Almeida, I., & Uchida, Y. (2022). Outside the “Cultural Binary”: Understanding why latin american collectivist societies foster independent selves. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 17(4), 1166-1187. https://doi.org/10.1177/17456916211029632
Laczniak, G. R., & Murphy, P. E. (2008). Distributive justice: Pressing questions, emerging directions, and the promise of rawlsian analysis. Journal of Macromarketing, 28(1), 5-11. https://doi.org/10.1177/0276146707312214
Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98(2), 224-253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.98.2.224
Mussweiler, T., Rueter, K., & Epstude, K. (2006). The why, who and how of social comparison: A social-cognition perspective. In S. Guimond (Ed.), Social comparison processes and social psychology (pp. 33-54). Cambridge University Press.
Nikolaev, B., Boudreaux, C., & Salahodjaev, R. (2017). Are individualistic societies less equal? Evidence from the parasite stress theory of values. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 138, 30-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2017.04.001
Oyserman, D. (2006). High power, low power, and equality: Culture beyond individualism and collectivism. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 16(4), 352-356. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327663jcp1604_6
Páez, D., Fernández, I., Ubillos, S., & Zubieta, E. (2003). Psicología Social, Cultura y Educación. Pearson/Prentice-Hall. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/libro?codigo=5082
Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo. (2021). Human development report. https://hdr.undp.org/content/human-development-report-2021-22
Rawls, J. (1999). A theory of Justice. Harvard University Press.
Sbardella, A., Pugliese, E., Pietronero, L. (2017). Economic development and wage inequality: A complex system analysis. PLoS ONE, 12(9), e0182774. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0182774
Schäfer, M., Haun, D. B., & Tomasello, M. (2015). Fair is not fair everywhere. Psychological science, 26(8), 1252-1260. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797615586188
Schwartz, S. H. (2011). Studying values: Personal adventure, future directions. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42(2), 307-319. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022110396925
Sirgy, M. J. (2012). Effects of social comparisons on subjective QOL. In The Psychology of Quality of Life: Hedonic Well-Being, Life Satisfaction, and Eudaimonia (2nd ed., pp. 223-233). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4405-9_15
Soler-Martínez, F. M., García-Sánchez, E., & Willis, G. B. (2023). Concerns about inequality in health, education and income jointly predict collective actions. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 55, 99-108. https://doi.org/10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.12
Vignoles V. L, Owe E, Becker M, Smith P.B, Easterbrook M.J, et al. (2016). Beyond the “east-west” dichotomy: Global variation in cultural models of selfhood. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 145(8), 966-1000. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000175
Wang, Z., Jetten, J., & Steffens, N. K. (2022). Restless in an unequal world: economic inequality fuels the desire for wealth and status. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 014616722210837.49(6), 871-890. https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672221083747
Yang, S., & Vignoles, V. L. (2020). Self-construal priming reconsidered: Comparing effects of two commonly used primes in the UK and China. Open Science Journal, 5(3), 1-32. https://doi.org/10.23954/osj.v5i3.2418
##plugins.facebook.comentarios##
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Derechos de autor 2025 Pablo Chaverri Chaves, Itziar Fernández