Composition of oil palm byproducts used as feedstuff in Costa Rica

Abstract

Palm kernel meal solvent-extracted (PKMSE), palm kernel meal expeller extracted (PKMEE), full-fat palm kernel (ffPK), crude palm oil (CPO) and palm oil free fatty acids (POFFA) nutritional quality and variability were analyzed. Results showed that PKMSE and PKMEE produced in Costa Rica have a similar nutritional composition than the ones reported in international literature, except for a higher residual fat content. PKMSE and PKMEE produced in Costa Rica have 3.3 and 13.2% residual fat, respectively; compared with 1.75 and 10.94% for the same feedstuffs produced in other countries. Likewise, fiber and fat contents in local products have a higher variability than the ones reported in literature. High contents of fat (46-49%), crude protein (8-9%) and fiber (10-12%), make ffPK a feedstuff with a high nutritional potential. Digestible energy levels for swine are 3000, 3215 and 4780 Kcal kg^-1 of DM in PKMSE, PKMEE and ffPK, respectively. For poultry, apparent metabolizable energy are 1399, 1789 and 4230 Kcal kg^-1 of DM. CPO and POFFA have the typical fatty acids composition of these products, with an unsaturated:saturated fatty acids relationship of 1.01 and 0.78, respectively. CPO digestible energy content for swine is 8064 Kcal kg^-1 of DM and apparent metabolizable energy for poultry is 8615 Kcal kg^-1 of DM. For POFFA, values of 6859 and 5068 Kcal kg^-1 of DM were obtained, respectively. Inclusion levels of these byproducts in ration formulation are suggested for different animal species.