Palabras clave
Rhizobacteria
zoospores
biological control
Capsicum annuum
Phytophthora capsici
Rizobacterias
zoosporas
control biológico
Capsicum annuum
Cómo citar
Resumen
La pudrición basal causada por Phytophthora capsici es la enfermedad más importante del chile (Capsicum annuum) ya que en el mundo, y en Costa Rica causa grandes pérdidas económicas; son necesarias alternativas al control químico para evitar daños a la salud humana y al ambiente. Se evaluó el antagonismo de rizobacterias promotoras de crecimiento (RPC) sobre P. capsici y su capacidad de reducción del marchitamiento en plantas de chile. Las RPC, previamente aisladas de caña y arroz, fueron identificadas con el marcador ARNr 16S como Pseudomonas fluorescens PC4, Stenotrophomonas rhizophila PC9, Pseudomonas fragi PC11 y Azospirillum lipoferum PCJ2. Se evaluó la inhibición del crecimiento de P. capcisi in vitro en presencia de las RPC. A nivel de invernadero se determinó el efecto de las 4 bacterias sobre plantas de chile inoculadas con P. capsici (100 zoosporas. planta-1). Las cepas P. fluorescens PC4, S. rhizophila PC9 y A. lipoferum PCJ2, inhibieron in vitro el crecimiento del oomycete en un 54%, 30% y 50%, respectivamente, mientras que en invernadero la inoculación con S. rhizophila aumentó en un 14% el peso fresco foliar de las plantas de chile. Además, A. lipoferum y S. rhizophila redujeron la severidad de la enfermedad en la parte aérea y radical; las plantas inoculadas con A. lipoferum no mostraron síntomas de pudrición basal ya que indicaron que PC9 y PCJ2 son bacterias promisorias para el control de la enfermedad.Citas
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