Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr) cultivation under minimum tillage and conventional tillage in San Carlos, Costa Rica.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/am.v15i2.11896Keywords:
pineapple, minimum tillage, conventional tillage, Ananas comosus L.Abstract
The establishment and development of a
pineapple cultivation sowed in minimum tillage and
conventional tillage was evaluated in San Carlos, Costa Rica.
The work carried out consisted of a description of the
preparation of the land, and an analysis of organic matter,
microorganisms and arthropods, nematodes, and mortality of
plants; an analysis of production costs was also made. The
conventional preparation of soil was carried out between four
and five months after paraquat application, while in
minimum tillage the time preparation of soil was of two
months after herbicide application. Also, in minimum tillage
the residues of the previous plantation deposited in the
internal streets can serve as a source of inoculum of pests and
diseases, besides hindering the drainage. The population of
microorganisms (bacterias, actinos and fungi) was higher in
minimum tillage. In the analysis of arthropods, the
conventional tillage showed higher populations of Oribatida
and Collembola, while in minimum tillage there was a larger
population of mites and larvae of Elateridae; the population
of Scarabeidae was similar in both tillage systems. The
population of nematodes in soils and roots was also relatively
low. The main cause of plant mortality was due to diseases
known as “rots” caused by the complex Phytophthora-
Erwinia; but the incidence was low in both tillage systems.
No significant differences were observed in plant height
either. The costs of preparation of the land in minimum
tillage were 50 % lower than those of the conventional tillage.
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