La teoría de la mente según el simulacionismo científico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/ap.v21i108.28Keywords:
Theory of mind, mirror neurons, simulationism, cognitive neuroscience, social cognitionAbstract
Recent results from the work developed in neuroscience seem to describe some fundamental points related to the operation of the theory of mind (ToM) among the Homo sapiens sapiens. The news has provoked controversy between the followers of the “simulationism” and the theory-theory supporters, granting with a special privilege to the view of the formers. Nevertheless, what we need right now, far from a return to a polarized discussion, is the development of a construct on theory of the mind (ToM) in accordance with the great body of the scientific research results. Neither the simulationism, nor the theory-theory, nor the modularism, or a mixed-hybrid perspective seems to be able to lead a true progress. In its place, a more appropriate project can be developed if we adopt a notion about human ToM in terms of our biological constitution and the resources that can be instantiated in that constitution. The evidence from neuroscience is suggested as a good support for that project.
Downloads
References
Adolphs, R. (2003). Cognitive neuroscience of human social behavior. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 4, 165-178. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn1056
Arce, M. (2005). Las huellas del zapatero. San José, Costa Rica: Alambique.
Baldissera, F., Cavallari, P., Craighero, L. & Fadiga, L. (2001). Modulation of spinal excitability during observation of hand actions in humans. European Journal of Neuroscience 13, 190-194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0953-816x.2000.01368.x
Baron-Cohen, S. (1997). Mindblindness: An essay on autism and theory of mind. Massachusetts: MIT Press.
Becchio, C. & Bertone, C. (2003). Wittgenstein running: Neural mechanisms of collective intentionallity and we-mode. Consciousness and Cognition 13, 123-133. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2003.07.002
Borghi, A. (2005). Object concepts and action. En D. Peacher, & R. Zwann, (Eds). Grounding cognition: The role of perception and action in memory, language and thinking. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511499968.002
Carruthers, P. & Smith, P. (1996). Theories of theories of mind. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511597985
Cocude, M., Mellet, E. & Michel, D. (1999). Visual and mental exploration of visuo-spatial configurations: Behavioral and neuroimaging approaches. Psychological Research 62, 93-107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s004260050044
Cummings, R. (2002). Representation and unexploited content. En G. McDonald (Ed.). Teleosemantics. Oxford University Press.
Dennet, D. (1978). Beliefs about beliefs. Behavior and Brain Sciences 4, 568-570. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X00076664
Di Pellegrino, G., Fadiga, L., Gallese, V. & Rizzolatti, G. (1992). Understanding motor events: A neurophysiological study. Experimental Brain Research 91, 176-180. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00230027
Dominey, P. (2005). Constructions underlying theory of mind and language [en línea]. Disponible en: http://www.interdisciplines.org/coevolution/papers/11 [2005, 10 de junio]
Fadiga, L., Fogassi, L., Pavesi, G. & Rizzolatti, G. (1995). Motor facilitation during action observation: A magnetic stimulation study. Journal of Neurophysiology 72, 2608-2611. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.73.6.2608
Gazzaniga, M. (1999). El pasado de la mente. Barcelona: Andrés Bello.
Gazzaniga, M. (2005). Personal identity, neuroethics and human brain. Princeton Public Lectures. Princeton University.
Gallese, V., Fadiga, L., Fogassi, L. & Rizzolatti, G. (1996). Action recognition in the premotor cortex. Brain 119, 593-609. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/119.2.593
Gallese, V. & Goldman, A. (1998). Mirror neurons and the simulation theory of mind-reading. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 12, 493-501. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(98)01262-5
Gallese, V. (2001). The ‘shared manifold’ hypothesis: From mirror neurons to empathy. Journal of Consciosness Studies 8, 33-35.
Gallese, V., Keysers, C. & Rizzolatti, G. (2004). A unifying view of the basis of social cognition. Trends in Cognitive Science 8, 396-403. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2004.07.002
Gallese, V. & Lakoff, G. (2005). The brain’s concepts: The role of the sensory-motor system in conceptual knowledge. Cognitive neuropsychology 21, 5-30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02643290442000310
Gallese, V. (2006). Intentional attunement: A neurophysiological perspective on social cognition and its disruption in autism. Brain Research 1079, 15-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2006.01.054
Gentilucci, M., Fogassi, L., Luppino G., Matelli, M., Camarda, R. & Rizzolatti, G. (1988). Functional organization of inferior area 6 in the macaque monkey. Experimental Brain Research 71, 475-490. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00248741
Gordon, R. (1996). ‘Radical’ Simulationism. En P. Carruthers (Ed.). Theories of theories of mind (pp. 11-21). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511597985.003
Gordon, R. (1999). Simulation vs. theory-theory. En F. Wilson, & C. Klein (Eds.). Enciclopedia of Cognitive Science. Massachusetts: MIT Press.
Gopnik, A. (1999). Theory of mind. En F. Wilson, & C. Klein (Eds.). MIT. Enciclopedia of Cognitive Science. Massachusetts: MIT Press.
Heal, J. (1996). Simulation, theory and content. En P. Carruthers (Ed.). Theories of theories of mind (pp 11-21). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511597985.006
Hobson, R. (1984). Early childhood autism and the question of egocentrism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 14, 85-104. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02408558
Iacoboni, M., Moinar-Szakacs, I., Gallese, V., Buccino, G., Mazziotta, J. & Rizzolatti, G. (2005). Grasping the intentions of others with one’s own mirror neuron system. Plos Biology 3, 529-535. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030079
Jackson, P., Meltzoff, A. y Decety, J. (2004). How do we perceive the pain of others? A window into the neural processes involved in empathy. Neuroimage 24, 771-779. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.09.006
Jeannerod, M. (en prensa). Consciousness of action and self-consciousness: A cognitive neuroscience approach. En J. Roessler (Ed.). Agency and self awareness. Oxford University Press.
Peacher, D. & Zwann, R. (2005). Grounding cognition: The role of perception and action in memory, language and thinking. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511499968
Perner, J. (1996). Simulation as explicitation of predication-implicit knowledge about the mind: Arguments for a simulation-theory mix. En C.Carruthers, (Ed.). Theories of theories of mind . Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511597985.007
Perner, J. & Kuhberger, S. (2003). Putting philosophy to work by making simulation theory testable: The case of endowment. En Ch. Kanzian, (Ed.). Persons. An interdisciplinary approach. Wien Press.
Premack, D. & Woodruff, G. (1978). Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2002, 532-535. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.705342
Riva, G. (2006). Being-in-the-world-with: Presence meets social and cognitive neuroscience. En G. Riva, M. Anguera, B.Wiederhold, & F. Mantovani, (Eds.). From communication to presence: Cognition, emotions and culture towards the ultimate communicative experience. IOS Press.
Rizzolatti, G., Camarda, R., Fogassi L., Gentilucci, M., Luppino G. & Matelli, M. (1988). Functional organization of inferior area 6 in the macaque monkey. Experimental Brain Research 71, 491-507. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00248742
Rizzolatti, G & Arbib, M. (1998). Language within our grasp. Trends in Neuroscience 21, 188-194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-2236(98)01260-0
Rizzolatti, G., Fogassi, L, & Gallese, V. (2000). Cortical mechanisms subserving object grasping and action recognition: A new view on the cortical motor functions. En M. Gazzaniga, (Ed.). The Cognitive Neurosciences (pp. xx-xx). Segunda edición. Massachusetts: MIT Press.
Rizzolatti, G. & Craighero L. (2004). The mirror-neuron system. Annual Review of Neuroscience 27, 169-192. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144230
Ruby, P. & Decety, J. (2003). What you believe versus what you think they believe: A neuroimaging study of conceptual perspective-taking. European Journal of Neuroscience 17, 2475-2480. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02673.x
Schneider, W., Schumann-Hengsteler, R. y Sodian, B. (2005) Young children´s cognitive development: Interrelationships among executive functioning, working memory, verbal ability and theory of mind. New Jersey: Erlbaum.
Scholl, B. & Leslie, A. (2001). Minds, modules and meta-analysis. Child Development 72, 696-701. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00308
Segal, G. (1996). The modularity of theory of mind. En P.Carruthers, y P. Smith (Eds.). Theories of theories of mind . Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511597985.010
Stich, S., Nichols, S., Leslie, A. & Klein, D. (1996). Varieties of off-line simulation. En Carruthers, P. y Smith, P. (Eds). Theories of theories of mind. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511597985.005
Tomasello, M. (1999). The cultural origins of human cognition. Harvard University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674044371
Umiltá, M., Kohler, E., Gallese, V., Fogassi, L., Fadiga, L., Keysers, C. & Rizzolatti, G. (2001). I know what you are doing: A neurophysiological study. Neuron 31, 155-165. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00337-3
Weiskopf, D. (2002). Mental mirroring as the origin of attributions [en línea]. Florida: University of South Florida. Disponible en: luna.cas.usf.edu/~weiskopf/ papers/mental-mirroring.pdf [2005, 28 de mayo].
Wicker, B., Keysers, C., Plailly, J., Royet, J., Gallese, V. & Rizzolatti, G. (2003). Both of us disgusted in my insula: The common neural basis of seeing and feeling disgust. Neuron 40, 655-664. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00679-2
Wittgenstein, L. (1936). Investigaciones filosóficas. Barcelona: Crítica.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2015 Actualidades en Psicología

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivativeWorks 4.0 Unported license




