Modelo animal de motivación y activación sexual: efectos del alcohol
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/ap.v33i127.33605Palabras clave:
Alcohol, conducta sexual, modelos animalesResumen
La motivación y la activación sexual son dos procesos semi-independientes fundamentales para la ejecución de la conducta sexual. Empleando a la rata macho Wistar como modelo animal, se determinó el efecto de diferentes dosis de alcohol (0.75 g/kg; 1.0 g/kg; 1.25 g/kg etanol), sobre el acicalamiento genital, los toques de narina (índices de motivación sexual) y las erecciones peneanas sin contacto (índices de activación sexual). Dosis altas y moderadas de alcohol provocaron un efecto deletéreo sobre ambos procesos, mientras que dosis bajas facilitaron la activación sexual. Los resultados de este trabajo confirman que la motivación y activación sexual son dos procesos semi-independientes y muestran que el alcohol ejerce un efecto diferencial sobre cada uno de ellos.
Descargas
Referencias
Ågmo, A. (2011). Functional and dysfunctional sexual behavior: a synthesis of neuroscience and comparative psychology. London, England: Academic Press.
Ågmo, A. (2017). ¿Tienen los estudios psicobiológicos, en animales no humanos, alguna relevancia para la conducta humana? El caso de la conducta sexual. En A. C. Medina-Fragoso, M. Hernández-González, C. Amezcua-Gutiérrez, & M. A.
Guevara (Eds.), Psicobiología conductual y cognitiva (pp. 29–51). México: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
Ågmo, A., Villalpando, A., Picker, Z., & Fernández, H. (1995). Lesions of the medial prefrontal cortex and sexual behavior in the male rat. Brain Research, 696(1-2), 177-186. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(95)00852-H
Badr, F. M., Bartke, A., Dalterio, S., & Bulger, W. (1977). Suppression of testosterone production by ethyl alcohol. Possible mode of action. Steroids, 30(5), 647-655. doi: 10.1016/0039-128X(77)90054-X
Bancroft, J. (2005). The endocrinology of sexual arousal. Journal of endocrinology, 186(3), 411-427. doi: 10.1677/joe.1.06233
Briddell, D. W. & Wilson, G. T. (1976). Effects of alcohol and expectancy set on male sexual arousal. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 85(2), 225-234. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.85.2.225
Cicero, T. J., Adams, M. L., O’Connor, L., Nock, B., Meyer, E. R., & Wozniak, D. (1990). Influence of chronic alcohol administration on representative indices of puberty and sexual maturation in male rats and the development of their progeny. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 255(2), 707-715.
Farkas, G. M., & Rosen, R. C. (1976). Effect of alcohol on elicited male sexual response. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 37(3), 265-272. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1976.37.265
Gan, X. G., Shi, X. M., Liu, R., An, R. H., & Wang, Y. Q. (2007). Effects of alcohol intake on penile structure and function in rats. Chinese Medical Sciences Journal, 22(3), 192-195.
George, W. H., Davis, K. C., Norris, J., Heiman, J. R., Schacht, R., Stoner, S., & Kajumulo, K. F. (2006). Alcohol and erectile response: The effects of high dosage in the context of demands to maximize sexual arousal. Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology, 14(4), 461-470.
George, W. H. & Stoner, S. A. (2000). Understanding acute alcohol effects on sexual behavior. Annual review of sex research, 11(1), 92-124. doi: 10.1080/10532528.2000.10559785
Guevara, M. A., Hernández-González, M., Almanza-Sepúlveda, M. L., Chapa-GarcíaAbascal, D. R., Durán, P., Sotelo-Tapia, C., & Luna-Torres, F. (2014). Ethanol effects on cortical EEG correlation and sexual behavior in male rats. Journal of behavioral and brain science, 4(02), 92-98. doi: 10.4236/jbbs.2014.42012
Hart, B. L. (1969). Effects of alcohol on sexual reflexes and mating behavior in the male rat. Psychopharmacology, 14(5), 377-382. doi: 10.1007/BF00403578
Heaton, J. P. & Varrin, S. (1991). The impact of alcohol ingestion on erections in rats as measured by a novel bio-assay. Journal of Urology, 145(1), 192-194. doi: 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)38289-7
Hernández-González, M. (2000). Prepubertal genital grooming and penile erection in relation to sexual behavior of rats. Physiology & Behavior, 71(1-2), 51-56. doi: 10.1016/S0031-9384(00)00320-6
Hernández-González, M., & Guevara, M. A. (2009). Participation of the prefrontal cortex in the processing of sexual and maternal incentives. In L., LoGrassso & G. Morretti (Eds.), Prefrontal cortex: Roles, Interventions and Traumas (pp. 1-42). USA: Nova Science Publishers.
Hernández-González, M., Guevara, M. A., & Ågmo, A. (2014). Electroencephalographic activity during sexual behavior: a novel approach to the analysis of drug effects on arousal and motivation relevant for sexual dysfunctions. Pharmacology, Biochemestry and Behavior, 121, 158-169. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.02.003
Hernández-González, M., Hernández-Arteaga, E., Guevara, M. A., Almanza-Sepúlveda, M. L., Ramírez-Rentería, M. L., Arteaga-Silva, M., & Bonilla-Jaime, H. (2017). Prenatal stress supresses the prefrontal and amygdaline EEG changes associated with a sexually-motivated state in male rats. Physiology and Behavior, 182, 86-92. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.10.003
Hernández-González, M., Martínez-Pelayo, M., Arteaga-Silva, M., Bonilla-Jaime, H., & Guevara, M. A. (2009). Ethanol changes the electroencephalographic correlation of the ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens, components of the mesoaccumbens system in rats. Pharmacology, Biochemestry and Behavior, 92(1), 124-130. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2008.10.020
Hernández-González, M., Rivera-Sánchez, K. E., Oropeza-Blando, M. V., Orozco-Suarez, S., Arteaga-Silva, M., & Guevara, M. A. (2004). Effects of alcohol on behavioral and morphologic indices of sexual maturation in male rats. Alcohol, 33(2), 117-126. doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2004.06.002
Hull, E. M., Muschamp, J. W., & Sato, S. (2004). Dopamine and serotonin: influences on male sexual behavior. Physiology & Behavior, 83(2), 291-307. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.08.018
Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, Commission on Life Science, National Research Council, (1996). Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
Lewis, M. J., & June, H. L. (1990). Neurobehavioral studies of ethanol reward and activation. Alcohol, 7(3), 213-219. doi: 10.1016/0741-8329(90)90007-Y
Liu Y., Sachs B., & Salamone J. (1998). Sexual behavior in male rats after radiofrequency or dopamine-depleting lesions in nucleus accumbens. Pharmacology, Biochemestry and Behavior, 60(2), 585-592. doi: 10.1016/S0091-3057(98)00022-7
Manzo, J., Cruz, M. R., Hernández, M. E., Pacheco, P., & Sachs, B. D. (1999). Regulation of noncontact erections in rats by gonadal steroids. Hormones and Behavior, 35(3), 264-270. doi: 10.1006/hbeh.1999.1519
Masters, W. H. & Johnson, V. E. (1966). Human Sexual Response. New York: Bantam Books.
McBride, W. J., Murphy, J. M., Lumeng, L., & Li, T. K. (1990). Serotonin, Dopamine and GABA involvenment in alcohol drinking of selectively bred rats. Alcohol, 7(3), 199-205. doi: 10.1016/0741-8329(90)90005-W
McKim, A. (1996). Drugs and behavior. An introduction to behavioral pharmacology. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Meisel, R. I. & Sachs, B. D. (1994). The physiology of male sexual behavior. In E. M. Knobill & J. D. Nelly (Eds.). The physiology of reproduction (2 ed.) New York: Traven Press.
Moore, C. L. (1986). A hormonal basis for sex differences in the self-grooming of rats. Hormones and Behavior, 20(2), 155-165. doi: 10.1016/0018-506X(86)90014-0
Mora-Gallegos, A. & Salas-Castillo, S. (2014). Modelos animales de miedo y ansiedad: descripciones neuro-conductuales. Actualidades en psicología, 28(117), 1-12. doi: 10.15517/ap.v28i117.14595
Murthy, V. N., & Fetz, E. E. (1992). Coherent 25- to 35-Hz Oscillations in the Sensorimotor Cortex of Awake Behaving Monkeys. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 89(12), 5670- 5674. doi: 10.1073/pnas.89.12.5670
Olsen, R. W. (2011). Extrasynaptic GABAA receptors in the nucleus accumbens are necessary for alcohol drinking. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 108(12), 4699-4700. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1102818108
Paredes, R. G. (2009). Evaluating the neurobiology of sexual reward. Institute for Laboratory Animal Research Journal, 50(1), 15-27. doi: 10.1093/ilar.50.1.15
Paredes, R., Highland, L., & Karam, P. (1993). Socio-sexual behavior in male rats after lesions of the medial preoptic area: evidence for reduced sexual motivation. Brain Research, 618(2), 271-276. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(93)91275-W
Pfaus, J. G., Kippin, T. E., & Coria-Avila, G. (2003). What can animal models tell us about human sexual response? Annual review of sex research, 14(1), 1-63.
Pfaus, J. G., & Phillips, A. G. (1991). Role of dopamine in anticipatory and consummatory aspects of sexual behavior in the male rat. Behavioral neuroscience, 105(5), 727-743. doi: 10.1037/0735-7044.105.5.727
Pfaus J. G., & Pinel J. P. J. (1989). Alcohol inhibits and desinhibits sexual behavior in the male rat. Psychobiology, 17(2), 195-201. doi: 10.3758/BF03337836
Retana-Márquez, S., Bonilla-Jaime, H., Vázquez-Palacios, G., Martínez-García, R., & Velázquez-Moctezuma, J. (2003). Changes in masculine sexual behavior, corticosterone and testosterone in response to acute and chronic stress in male rats. Hormones and Behavior, 44(4), 327-337.
Rezvani, A. H. & Levin, E. D. (2003). Nicotine-alcohol interactions and attentional performance on an operant visual signal task in female rats. Pharmacology, Biochemestry and Behavior, 76(1), 75-83. doi: 10.1016/S0091-3057(03)00193-X
Sachs, B. D. (1997). Erection evoked in male rats by airborne scent from estrous females. Physiology and Behavior, 62(4), 921-924. doi: 10.1016/S0031-9384(97)00307-7
Sachs, B. D. (2000). Contextual approaches to the physiology and classification of erectile function, erectile dysfunction, and sexual arousal. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 24(5), 541–560. doi: 10.1016/S0149-7634(00)00022-1
Scott M.P., Ettenberg A., Olster D.H. (1994). Effects of alcohol on the sexual motivation of the male rat. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 48(4), 929-934. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(94)90202-X
Saito, S., Kidd, G. J., Trapp, B. D., Dawson, T. M., Bredt, D. S., Wilson, D. A., … & Hanley, D. F. (1994). Rat spinal cord neurons contain nitric oxide synthase. Neuroscience, 59(2), 447-456. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(94)90608-4
Sequeira-Cordero, A. & Fornaguera-Trías, J. (2014). Diferencias individuales en modelos animales: un enfoque para el estudio de factores neurobiológicos relacionados con depresión. Actualidades en psicología, 28(117), 53-66. doi: 10.15517/ap.v28i117.14115
Varlinskaya E.I., Spear L.P. (2002). Acute effects of ethanol on social behavior of adolescent and adult rats: role of familiarity of the test situation. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 26(10), 1502-1511. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2002.tb02449.x
Varlinskaya E.I., Spear L.P., Spear N.E. (2001). Acute effects of ethanol on behavior of adolescent rats: role of social context. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 25(3), 377-385. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2001.tb02224.x
Vezali-Costardi, J. V., Teruaki-Nampo, R. A., Lourenço-Silva, G., Ferrerira-Ribeiro, M. A., Stella, H. J., Stella, M. B., & Pinheiro-Malheiros, S. V. (2015). A review on alcohol: from central action mechanism to chemical dependency. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira, 61(4), 381-387. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.61.04.381
Weiss, F. & Porrino, L. (2002). Behavioral neurobiology ofalcohol addiction: recent advances and challenges. The Journal of Neuroscience, 22(9), 3332-3337. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-09-03332.2002
Wilson, G. T. (1981). The effects of alcohol on human sexual behavior. Advances in substance abuse, 2, 1-40.
Wilson, G. T., Lawson, D. M., & Abrams, D. B. (1978). Effects of alcohol on sexual arousal in male alcoholics. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 87(6), 609-616. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.87.6.60
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2019 Actualidades en Psicología
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Este obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 4.0 Unported.
Cómo citar
