Keywords
generators
insulation tests
maintenance
partial discharges
Insulation Tests
Failure Analysis
Generators
Maintenance
Partial Discharges
How to Cite
Abstract
The reliability and availability of hydro generators is highly dependent on the condition of the stator insulation, which is exposed to a combination of thermal, electrical, environmental and mechanical stresses. An unscheduled interruption of a generator in operation could jeopardize system stability, as well as cause economic losses, so it is necessary to have condition monitoring techniques, such as on-line partial discharge measurement. A partial discharge is defined as a localized electrical discharge, which only partially joins the insulation between the conductors, accompanied by movement of charges, acoustic emission, radiation and chemical reaction, among other effects. On-line partial discharge measurement is one of the most used techniques to follow the evolution of large hydro generators. This article proposes a novel methodology to detect the failure mechanisms of partial discharges: i) in slot; and, ii) by sparks produced by vibration, showing one example using a generator in service. The methodology is based on on-line partial discharge measurement for different active power levels. The above allows finding thermal and mechanical dependencies, which are able to locate and characterize the failure mechanism. Subsequently, a series of possible root causes of each are established, and recommendations for repair. The results obtained in the tests carried out show that on-line partial discharge measurement is effective when it comes to early detection of sudden failures, and has been successfully applied in the hydro generator evaluated.
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