Supplementary Files
Keywords
cromo
biotina
aceites esenciales
metabolitos sanguíneos
Milk yield
chromium
biotin
essential oils
blood metabolites
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation with a nutritional nucleus containing a mineral and vitamin premix, chromium, biotin, essential oils, and vitamin D during the first 100 days of lactation in dairy cows on a commercial farm located in Oreamuno, Cartago, Costa Rica. A total of thirty-five grazing Jersey multiparous cows were used, distributed into five experimental groups based on milk production in the previous lactation and lactation number, with seven repetitions each: T1 (150 g of the complete nutritional nucleus), T2 [150 g of the mineral and vitamin premix used on the farm (control)], T3 (150 g of the mineral and vitamin premix + biotin), T4 (150 g of the mineral and vitamin premix + chromium) and T5 (150 g of the mineral and vitamin premix + essential oils). These treatments were provided daily to the animals during individual feeding before milking in the feeding room, the products were offered on top of the feed. Productive variables (daily milk production; weekly milk quality and body condition score) of the animals and the concentration of blood metabolites were evaluated: glucose (once a week during the first month of lactation); beta-hydroxybutyrate (βHBA) (days 8 and 30 of lactation); aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (days 1 and 21 of lactation); calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium (days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 21 of lactation). A repeated measure over time analysis was performed using a mixed linear model with the R 3.5.1 statistical software, and a Tukey test was conducted to determine the significance (p<0.05) of the effects of the different treatments. No significant differences were found (p˃0.05) for most of the variables evaluated, mainly associated with the low dosage of the different additives evaluated. Therefore, based on the conditions of this experiment, is concluded that supplementation with nutritional nucleus had no effect on the productive performance and metabolite concentration of Jersey cows during the first 100 days of lactation.
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