Keywords
larvae
osteology
vertebral column
caudal complex
Lutjanus guttatus
larva
osteología
columna vertebral
complejo caudal
How to Cite
Abstract
The spotted rose snapper (Lutjanus guttatus) is an important commercial species in Mexico with good culture potential. The osteological study at early stages in this species is an important tool to confirm normal bone structure and for the detection of malformations that may occur during early development. This study was carried out in order to evaluate and describe the normal osteological development of the vertebral column and caudal complex of this species grown under controlled conditions. For this, a total of 540 larvae of L. guttatus, between 2.1 and 17.5mm of total length (TL), were cultured during 36 days; culture conditions were 28ºC, 5.74mg/L oxygen and 32.2ups salinity with standard feeding rates. To detect growth changes, a sample of 15 organisms was daily taken from day one until day 36 of post-hatch (DPH). Samples were processed following standard techniques of clearing, and cartilage (alcian blue) and bone staining (alizarin red). Results showed that the vertebral column is composed of nine vertebrae in the abdominal region, and 14 vertebrae including the urostyle in the caudal region. The development of the axial skeleton starts with the neural arches and haemal arches at 3.8mm TL. Caudal elements such as the hypurals and parahypural began to develop at 4.1mm TL. Pre-flexion and flexion of the notochord and the formation of all hypurals were observed between 5.3 and 5.8mm TL. Ossification of the vertebrae in the abdominal region and in some neural arches initiated at 9.5mm TL. In the caudal region, all the neural and haemal arches ossified at 10.2mm TL. All the abdominal vertebrae and their respective neural arches and parapophyses ossified at 11.2mm TL, while the elements of the caudal complex that ossified were the hypurals, parahypurals and modified haemal spines. All caudal fin rays, 12 neural spines and 3 haemal arches were ossified by 15.5mm. The complete ossification process of this specie under laboratory culture conditions was observed when larvae reached 17.3mm TL on 36 DPH. Detailed analysis of the osteological structures will allow a reference description to evaluate and detect malformations that may occur during the larval culture of the spotted rose snapper.
References
Abdo-de la Parra, M. I., Rodríguez-Ibarra, L. E., Campillo-Martínez, F., Velasco-Blanco, G., García-Aguilar, G., Álvarez-Lajonchère García, L. S., & Voltolina-Lobina, D. (2010). Efecto de la densidad de siembra sobre el crecimiento y supervivencia larval del pargo lunarejo (Lutjanus guttatus). Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía, 45, 141-146.
Abdo-de la Parra, M. I., Rodríguez-Ibarra, L. E., Velasco-Blanco, G., García-Aguilar, N., & González-Rodríguez, B. (2011). Evaluación del efecto de diferentes salinidades sobre la incubación de huevos y eclosión de larvas del pargo flamenco Lutjanus guttatus. Ciencia Pesquera, 19(1), 29-34.
Abdo-de la Parra, M. I., & Rodríguez-Ibarra, L. E. (2011). Cultivo larvario y requerimientos nutricionales del pargo flamenco. Saarbrücken: Academic Publishing Gmbh & Co. KG.
Bensimon-Brito, A., Cancela, M. L., Huysseune, A., & Witten, P. E. (2010). The zebrafish (Danio rerio) caudal complex –a model to study vertebral body fusion. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 26, 235-238.
Boglione, C., Gagliardi, F., Scardi, M., & Cataudella, S. (2001). Skeletal descriptors and quality assessment in larvae and post-larvae of wild caught and hatchery-reared gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L. 1758). Aquaculture, 192, 1-22.
Castelló-Orvay, F. (1993). Acuicultura marina: Fundamentos biológicos y tecnología de la producción. Barcelona: Universitat de Barcelona.
Castillo-Vargasmachuca, S., Ponce-Palafox, J. T., Chávez-Ortíz, E., & Arredondo-Figueroa, J. L. (2007). Effect of the initial stocking body weight on growth of spotted rose snapper Lutjanus guttatus (Steindachner, 1869) in marine floating cages. Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía, 42(3), 261-267.
Çoban, D., Suzer, C., Kamaci, H. O., Saka, Ş., & Firat, K. (2009). Early osteological development of the fins in the hatchery-reared red porgy, Pagrus pagrus (L. 1758). Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 25, 26-32.
Fernández, I., Hontoria, F., Ortiz-Delgado, J. B., Kotzamanis, Y., Estévez, A., Zambonino-Infante, J. L., & Gisbert, E. (2008). Larval performance and skeletal deformities in farmed gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fed with graded levels of vitamin A enriched rotifers (Brachionus plicatilis). Aquaculture, 283(1), 102-115.
Fischer, W., Krupp, F., Schneider, W., Sommer, C., Carpenter, K. E., & Niem, V. (1995). Guía FAO para identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca Pacífico centro-oriental. Volumen III. Vertebrados, Parte 2. Roma: FAO.
Fraser, M. R., Anderson, T. A., & de Nys, R. (2004). Ontogenic development of spine and spinal deformities in larval barramundi (Lates calcarifer) culture. Aquaculture, 242(1), 697-711.
Gállego, L. (2008). Los cordados. Funciones de control voluntario. Vigo: Fundación Laboratorio de Biología Animal.
García-Ortega, A., Abdo-de la Parra, I., Duncan, N. J., Rodríguez-Ibarra, E., Velasco-Blanco, G., González-Rodríguez, B., Puello-Cruz, A., & Martínez, I. (2005). Larval rearing of spotted rose snapper Lutjanus guttatus under experimental conditions. In C. I. Hendry, G. Van Stappen, M. Willie, & P. Sorgeloos (Eds.), Larvi 05. Fish and Shellfish Larviculture Symposium (36, 172-175). European Aquaculture Society, Special Publication.
García-Ortega, A. (2007). Estado actual de la investigación y producción de botete diana Sphoeroides annulatus. In M. L. González-Félix, L. Bringas-Alvarado, M. Pérez-Velázquez, & M. Meza-García (Eds.), Memorias del 3er Foro Internacional de Acuicultura (pp. 58-83). México.
Gavaia, P. J., Dinis, M. T., & Cancela, M. L. (2002). Osteological development and abnormalities of vertebral column and caudal skeleton in larval and juvenile stages of hatchery-reared Senegal sole (Solea senegalensis). Aquaculture, 211, 305-323.
Hernández, D. R., Santinón, J. J., Sánchez, S., & Domitrovic, H. A. (2013). Crecimiento, supervivencia e incidencia de malformaciones óseas en distintos biotipos de Rhamdia quelen durante la larvicultura. Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research, 41(5), 877-887.
Ibarra-Castro, L., & Álvarez-Lajonchère, L. S. (2011). GnRHa-induced multiple spawns and volition spawning of captive spotted rose snapper, Lutjanus guttatus, at Mazatlán, México. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 42(4), 564-574.
Koumoundouros, G., Gagliardi, F., Divanach, P., Boglione, C., Cataudella, S., & Kentouri, M. (1997). Normal and abnormal osteological development of caudal fin in Sparus aurata L. fry. Aquaculture, 149, 215-226.
Koumoundouros, G., Divanach, P., & Kentouri, M. (1999). Osteological development of the vertebral column and of the caudal complex in Dentex dentex. Journal of Fish Biology, 54, 424-436.
Koumoundouros, G., Divanach, P., & Kentouri, M. (2001a). Osteological development of Dentex dentex (Osteichthyes: Sparidae): dorsal, anal, paired fins and squamation. Marine Biology, 138, 399-406.
Koumoundouros, G., Sfakianakis, D. G., Maingot, E., Divanach, P., & Kentouri, M. (2001b). Osteological development of the vertebral column and of the fins in Diplodus sargus (Teleostei: Perciformes: Sparidae). Marine Biology, 139, 853-862.
Laggis, A., Sfakianakis, D. G., Divanach, P., & Kentouri, M. (2010). Ontogeny of the body skeleton in Seriola dumerili (Risso, 1810). Italian Journal of Zoology, 77(3), 303-315.
Lagler, K. F., Bardach, J. E., Miller, R. R., & May Passino, D. R. (1990). Ictiología (2da. Ed.). México: AGT Editor.
Lewis-McCrea, L. M., Lall, S. P., & Eckhard, W. P. (2004). Morphological descriptions of the early stages of spine and vertebral development in hatchery-reared larval and juvenile Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus). Aquaculture, 241, 47-59.
Meunier, F. J., & Ramzu, M. Y. (2006). La regionalization morphofonctionnelle de l´axe vertebral chez les Teléostéens en relation avec le mode de nage. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 5, 499-507.
Potthoff, T. (1984). Clearing and staining techniques. In H. G. Moser, W. J. Richards, D. M. Cohen, M. P. Fahay, A. W. Kendall Jr., & S. L. Richardson (Eds.), Ontogeny and Systematics of Fishes (pp. 35-37). American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists. Special Publication. No. 1. Lawrence: Allen Press.
Rodríguez-Ibarra, L. E., Aguilar-Zarate, G., Velasco-Blanco, G., & Ibarra-Castro, L. (2013a). Tinción de tejidos óseos y cartilaginosos del pargo lunarejo Lutjanus guttatus. Industria Acuícola, 9, 10-13.
Rodríguez-Ibarra, L. E., Abdo-de la Parra, M. I., Velasco-Blanco, G., González-Rodríguez, B. T., Domínguez-Jiménez, V. P., García-Aguilar, N., & Ibarra-Castro, L. (2013b). Efecto de la eliminación de la capa adherente de los huevos utilizando enzima proteolítica proteasa y jugo de piña en la larvicultura del botete diana Sphoeroides annulatus. Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía, 48, 379-385.
Steindachner, F. 1869. Ichthyologische Notizen. Sitzber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 60, 290-318.
Thomson, D. A., Findley, L. T., & Kerstitch, A. N. (2000). Reef fishes of the sea of Cortez. The rocky-shore fishes of the golf of California (3ra. ed.). Arizona: The University of Arizona Press.
Wagemans, F., Focant, B., & Vandewalle, P. (1998). Early development of the cephalic skeleton in the turbot. Journal of Fish Biology, 52, 166-204.
Wagemans, F., & Vandewalle, P. (1999). Development of the cartilaginous skull in Solea solea: trends in Pleuronectiforms. Annales des Sciences Naturelles Zoologie et Biologie Animale, 20(1), 39-52.
Comments
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2015 Revista de Biología Tropical