Revista de Biología Tropical ISSN Impreso: 0034-7744 ISSN electrónico: 2215-2075

OAI: https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/oai
Floral anatomy of Peristethium leptostachyum (Loranthaceae).
PDF (Español (España))
HTML (Español (España))

Keywords

Santalales
dioecious
hermaphrodite
hypostase
mamelon
microsporogenesis
Psittacanthinae
glandular tapetum
periplasmodial tapetum.
Santalales
dioica
hermafrodita
hipostasa
mamelón
microesporogénesis
psittacanthinae
tapetum glandular
tapetum periplasmodial.

How to Cite

Robles, A., Raz, L., & Marquínez, X. (2016). Floral anatomy of Peristethium leptostachyum (Loranthaceae). Revista De Biología Tropical, 64(1), 341–352. https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v64i1.18416

Abstract

Peristethium leptostachyum is a hemiparasite species of the family Loranthaceae, distributed in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela and Panama. Previously treated as Struthanthus leptostachyus, the species was recently transferred to Peristethium together with other species of Cladocolea and Struthanthus. The present research describes the inflorescence and floral morphoanatomy of Peristethium leptostachyum, detailing the structure of the androecium and gynoecium and the processes of microgametogenesis and megagametogenesis, thus allowing comparison with Struthanthus and Cladocolea. Flowering material was collected in February and August 2012, in Santa María, Boyacá, Colombia. Histological sections were prepared and stained with astrablue-fuchsin and floral dissections were performed under a stereomicroscope. Peristethium leptostachyum shares inflorescence characters with Cladocolea (determinate inflorescence, ebracteate terminal flower), but also with Struthanthus (pairs of triads along the axis, deciduous bracts and actinomorphic flowers). The flowers of P. leptostachyum from Santa María are clearly hermaphrodites with androecium and gynoecium fully developed. This observation contradicts the description by Kuijt who reported this species to be dioecious. The androecium was observed to be similar to that of Struthanthus vulgaris, with a glandular tapetum and simultaneous microsporogenesis; in contrast, Cladocolea loniceroides has a periplasmodial tapetum and successive microsporogenesis. The gynoecium of P. leptostachyum, like that of Cladocolea, Struthanthus and Phthirusa, has a unilocular ovary with a mamelon and arquesporial tissue isoriented towards the style, which in turn is solid and amyliferous. Peristethium leptostachyum is similar to Cladocolea loniceroides and differs from Strutanthus vulgaris in presenting multiple embryo sacs and an unlignified pelvis (hipostase). The presence of a solid stylar canal is proposed as a synapomorphy of the tribe Psittacanthinae. Given that P. leptostachyum shares characters with both Cladocolea and Struthanthus generic placement cannot be clearly determined on the basis of anatomical evidence. Phylogenetic studies that include representative species of all three genera are desirable to test hypotheses of monophyly. The sexual system observed here in P. leptostachyum is different from that reported by Kuijt and more studies are needed to identify the factors (geographic, ecological, etc.) that influence this variation.  

https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v64i1.18416
PDF (Español (España))
HTML (Español (España))

References

Bhatnagar, S. P., & Johri, B. M. 1983. Embryology of Loranthaceae. In M. Calder, & P. Bernhardt, (Eds.). The biology of mistletoes (pp. 47-66). London: Academic Press.

Brown, R., Nickrent, D., & Gasser, C. (2010). Expression of the ovule and integument-associated genes in reduced ovules of Santalales. Evolution & Development, 12, 231-240.

Cid, R. M. (2006). Biología del desarrollo de Cladocolea loniceroides (Van Tieghem) Kuijt, Loranthaceae (Tesis de Doctorado). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México, DF, México.

Cocucci, A. E., & Venturelli, M. (1982). El ovulo y el gineceo en Loranthaceae. Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica, 21(1-4), 131-141.

Cocucci, A. E. (1983). New evidence from embryology in angiosperm classification. Nordic Journal of Botany, 3, 67-73.

Don, G. (1834). A General System of Gardening and Botany (vol. 3, p. 411). London: C.J.G. and F. Rivington.

Dueñas, H. (2001). Sinopsis de las Loranthaceae de Colombia. Caldasia, 23, 81-99.

Eichler, A. W. 1868. Loranthaceae. In K. F. P. Martius (Ed.). Flora Brasiliensis (Vol. 5, part 2, pp. 1-136). Leipzig: F. Fleischer.

Engler, A. (1897). Loranthaceae. In A. Engler, & K. Prantl (Eds.), Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien, Nachträge zum II-IV Teil (pp. 124-140). Leipzig: W. Engelmann.

Feuer, M., & Kuijt, J. (1985). Fine Structure of Mistletoe Pollen VI. Small-Flowered Neotropical Loranthaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 72, 187-212.

Johansen, D. J. (1940). Plant Microtechnique. New York: McGraw-Hill Book.

Johri, B. M., & Raj, B. (1969). Morphological and Embryological Studies in the Family Loranthaceae. XII. Moquiniella rubra (Spreng. f.) Balle. Österreichische Botanische Zei,116, 475-485.

Gómez, M., Sánchez, L., & Salazar, L. (2011). Anatomía de especies mexicanas de los géneros Phoradendron y Psittacanthus, endémicos del Nuevo Mundo. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, 82, 1203-1218.

Kuijt, J., & Weberling, F. (1972). The flower of Phthirusa pyrifolia (Loranthaceae). Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft, 85, 467-480.

Kuijt, J. (1975). The genus Cladocolea (Loranthaceae). Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, 56, 265-335.

Kuijt, J. (2012). Reinstatement and Expansion of the genus Peristethium (Loranthaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 98, 542-577.

Kuijt, J. (2013). Prophyll, calyculus, and perianth in Santalales. Blumea-Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants, 57, 248-252.

Kunth, K. S. (1820). Loranthanus leptostachyus. In F. W. H. A. von Humboldt, A. J. A. Bonpland, & K. S. Kunth (Eds.), Nova Genera et Species Plantarum (vol. 3, p. 440). Paris: Librariæ Græco-Latino-Germanicæ.

Martius, K. F. P. (1830). Einige Bemerkungen über Loranthus. Flora, 13, 97-112.

Mathiasen, R., Nickrent, D., Shaw, D., & Watson, D. (2008). Mistletoes: Pathology, Systematics, Ecology, and Management. Plant Disease, 92, 988-1006.

Nickrent, D., Malecot, V., Vidal, R., & Der, J. (2010). A revised classification of Santalales. Taxon, 59, 538-558.

Ruzin, S. E. (1999). Plant microtechnique and microscopy. New York: Oxford University Press.

Simões, C., Gomes, K. M., & Barnes, C. E. (2014). A new combination in Peristethium (Loranthaceae) expands the genus' range into the Amazon-Cerrado ecotone. Acta Amazonica, 44, 169-174.

Smart, C. (1952). The life history of Tupeia Cham. et Schl.(Loranthaceae). Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 79, 459-466.

The Plant List (2013). Version 1.1. Retrieved October 1, 2014, from http://www.theplantlist.org/1.1/Browse/A/Loranthaceae.

Van-Tieghem, P. (1895). Sur le groupement des espéces dans les Loranthées à calice dialysépale et anthères oscilantes out Struthanthées. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France, 42, 161-180.

Venturelli, M. (1981). Embriologia de Struthanthus vulgaris (Loranthaceae- Loranthoideae). Kurtziana, 14, 73-100.

Venturelli, M. (1983). Estudos embriológicos em Loranthaceae: gênero Tripodanthus. Kurtziana, 16, 71-90.

Venturelli, M. (1984a). Morfologia e anatomia floral de Struthanthus vulgaris Mart. (Loranthaceae). Revista Brasileira de Botânica, 7, 121-128.

Venturelli, M. (1984b). Estudos embriologicos em Loranthaceae: Struthanthus flexicaulis Mart. Revista Brasileira de Botânica, 7, 107-119.

Vidal, R., & Nickrent, D. L. (2008). Evolutionary relationships in the showy mistletoe family (Loranthaceae). American Journal of Botany, 95, 1015-1029.

Wanntorp, L., & De Craene, L. P. (2009). Perianth evolution in the sandalwood order Santalales. American Journal of Botany, 96, 1361-1371.

Comments

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright (c) 2016 Revista de Biología Tropical

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.