Keywords
marine pollution
tropical areas
sediments
PCB
contaminación marina
áreas tropicales
sedimentos
How to Cite
Abstract
A review of publications from the past ten years that report PCB concentrations in sediments and biota is given. During the past ten years only 33 papers out of the published 177 papers on PCBs were from samples obtained in tropical areas. Sediments from the tropics contained relatively low concentrations of total PCBs. The most polluted tropical site in India had sediment concentrations up to 2330 mg/g dw attributed to industrialization and pollution. Sediment from pristine areas were unquantifiable at levels below the detection limits. Biota samples covered a range of species from a range of locations. Biota from pristine tropical areas were unquantifiable at levels below the detection limits. Higher taxa from more developed sites had relatively higher concentrations when compared to other tropical biota, but were still low compared to samples from temperate climates. The lack of data from the tropics still makes correlation of PCB concentrations with other factors problematic. Rev. Biol. Trop. 56 (Suppl. 4): 1-9. Epub 2009 June 30.References
Araújo, R.J., A.A. Capin, M.D. Heardon, E.A. Ofengand & S.D. Snedaker. 1999. Organochlorine compounds in subtropical and tropical marine organisms: A metaanalysis. Toxicol. Industrial Health 15: 215-231.
Cai, Q.Y., C.H. Mo, QT. Wu, Q.Y. Zeng & A. Katsoyiannis. 2007. Occurrence of organic contaminants in sewage sludges from eleven wastewater treatment plants, China. Chemosphere 68: 1751-1762.
Cheevaporn, V., K. Duangkaew & N. Tangkrock-Olan. 2005. Environmental occurrence of organochlorines in the east coast of Thailand. J. Health Sci. 51: 80-88.
Chen, S.J., L.T. Hsieh & P.S. Hwang. 1996. Concentration, phase distribution and size distribution of atmospheric polychlorinated biphenyls measured in Southern Taiwan. Environ. Intern. 22: 411-423.
Connell, D.W., R.S.S. Wu, B.J. Richardson, K. Leung, P.K.S. Lam & P.A. Connell. 1998. Fate and risk of persistent organic contaminants and related compounds in Victoria Harbour, Hong Kong. Chemosphere 36: 2019-2030.
Frignani, M, R. Piazza, L.G. Bellucci, N.H. Cu, R. Zangrando, S. Albertazzi, I. Moret, S. Romano & A. Gambaro. 2007. Polychlorinated biphenyls in sediments of the Tam Giang-Cau Hai lagoon, Central Viet Nam. Chemosphere 67: 1786-1793.
Fu, C.T. & S.C. Wu. 2006. Seasonal variation of the distribution of PCBs in sediments and biota in a PCBcontaminated estuary. Chemosphere 62: 1786-1794.
GESAMP. 1990. Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspect of Marine Pollution (GESAMP): the State of the Marine Environment UNEP Regional Seas Reports and Studies. No 115, UNEP, Rome, Italy.
Goldstein, J.A., P. Hickman, H. Bergman, J.D. McKinney & M.P. Walker. 1977. Separation of pure polychlorinated biphenyl isomers into two types of inducers on the basis of induction of cytochrome P-450 or P-448. Chem. Biol. Interactions 17: 69-87.
Guzzela, L., C. Roscioli, L. Vigano, M. Saha, S.K. Sarkar & A. Bhattacharya. 2005. Evaluation of the concentration of HCH, DDT, HCB, PCB and PAH in the sediments along the lower stretch of Hugli estuary, West Bengal, Northeast India. Environ. Internat. 31: 523: 534.
Hutzinger, O., R. Safe & V. Zitko. 1974. The Chemistry of PCBs. CRC, Cleveland, OH.
Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf & F. Rubel. 2006. World map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated. Meteorologische Zeitschrift 15: 259-263.
McFarland, V. & J. Clarke. 1989. Environmental occurrence, abundance, and potential toxicity of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners: considerations for a congener-specific analysis. Environ. Health Perspect. 81: 225-39.
Morrison, R.J., N. Harrison & P. Gangaiya. 1996. Organochlorine contaminants in the estuarine and coastal marine environments of the Fiji Islands. Environ. Pollut. 93: 159-167.
Nie, X., C. Lan, T. Wei & Y. Yang. 2005. Distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls in the water, sediment and fish from the Pearl River estuary, China. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 50: 537-546.
Otchere, F.A. 2005. Organochlorines (PCBs and pesticides) in the bivalves Anadara (Senilis) senilis, Crassostrea tulipa and Perna perna from the lagoons of Ghana. Sci. Total Environ. 348: 102-114.
Phillips, D.J.H. 1986. Use of organisms to quantify PCBs in marine and estuarine environments, p. 127-81. In J.S. Waid (ed.). PCBs and the environment. Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
Seba, D.B. & S.C. Snedake. 1995. Frequency of occurrence of organochlorine pesticides in sea surface slicks in Atlantic and Pacific coastal waters. Mar. Res. 4: 27–32.
Spongberg, A.L. 2006. PCB concentrations in intertidal sipunculan (Phylum Sipuncula) marine worms from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. Rev. Biol. Trop. 54 (Suppl. 1): 27-33.
Spongberg, A.L. 2004a. PCB contamination in surface sediments in coastal waters of Costa Rica. Rev. Biol. Trop. 52 (Supl 2): 1-10.
Spongberg, A.L. 2004b. PCB concentrations in sediments from the Gulf of Nicoya estuary, Pacific coast of Costa Rica. Rev. Biol. Trop. 52 (Supl. 2): 11-22.
Spongberg, A.L. 2004c. PCB contamination in marine sediments from Golfo Dulce, Pacific coast of Costa Rica. Rev. Biol. Trop. 52 (Supl. 2): 23-32.
Strandberg, B., C. Bandh, B.V. Bacel, P.A. Bergqvist, D. Broman, R. Ishaq, C. Näf & C. Rappe. 2000. Organochlorine compounds in the Gulf of Bothnia: sediment and benthic species. Chemosphere 40: 1205-1211.
Ueno D., H. Iwata, S. Tanabe, K. Ikeda, J. Koyama & H. Yamada. 2002. Specific accumulation of persistent organochlorines in bluefin tuna collected from Japanese coastal waters. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 45: 254-261.
Ueno, D., S. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, A.N. Subramanian, G. Fillmann & H. Nakata. 2003. Global pollution monitoring of PCBs and organochlorine pesticides using skipjack tuna as a bioindicator. Arch. Environ. Cont. Toxicol. 45: 378-389.
Vetter, W., E. Scholz, C. Gaus, C. Mü, J.F. ller & D. Haynes. 2001. Anthropogenic and natural organohalogen compounds in blubber of dolphins and dugongs (Dugong dugon) from northeastern Australia. Arch. Environ. Cont. Toxicol. 41: 221 - 231.
Wania, F. & Y. Su. 2004. Quantifying the global fractionation of polychlorinated biphenyls. AMBIO: J. Human Environ. 33: 161-168.
Webber, I. 1992. PCBs and associated aromatics. p. 849-898. In J.R. Pfafflin & E.N. Ziegler (eds.). Encyclopedia of Environmental Science and Engineering. Gordon and Breach Science, Langhorne, PA.
Wu, R.S.S. 1999. Eutrophication, water borne pathogens and xenobiotic compounds: environmental risks and challenges. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 39:11-22.
Wurl, O. & J.P. Obbard. 2005. Organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in Singapore’s coastal marine sediments. Chemosphere 58: 925-933.
Zhang H., Y. Luo, M. Wong, Q. Zhao & G. Zhang. 2007. Concentrations and possible sources of polychlorinated biphenyls in the soils of Hong Kong. Geoderma 138: 244-251.
Comments
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2008 Revista de Biología Tropical