Keywords
Eocrinoidea; Cámbrico; bioestratigrafía; paleoecología; México.
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction: The present work constitutes the first record of Ubaghsicystis Gil-Cid & Domínguez-Alonso (Echinodermata-Eocrinoidea) in the El Gavilán Formation, exposed in the El Sahuaral Hill, a new Cambrian locality of central Sonora, Mexico. The El Gavilán Formation is a sedimentary sequence mainly made up of shale interbedded with limestone, with abundant invertebrate fossils, deposited in an open shelf marine environment. Objective: The main objective of this research work is to describe the species Ubaghsicystis cf. U. segurae for the first time in Mexico, in addition to biostratigraphic and paleoecological considerations. Methods: A composite stratigraphic section of the El Gavilán Fm. was measured in central Sonora, where samples corresponding to eocrinods were collected, the material was examined in the Microscope Leica MZ10. Results: The biotic association is composed of reticulosan sponges, chancelloriids (Chancelloria eros, Allonnia tintinopsis, Archiasterella sp.), hyolithids, brachiopods, trilobites (Quadragnostus depressa, Peronopsis sp., Tonkinella valida, and Elrathina sp.), and echinoderms (Ubaghsicystis cf. U. segurae). Regarding the age, the trilobite association establishes a chronostratigraphic position from the middle Cambrian (Miaolingian, Wuliuan), Altiocculus Subzone, Ehmaniella Zone. The material studied is constituted by isolated echinoderm plates, which probably represent various cycles of theca plates assigned to Ubaghsicystis cf. U. segurae. The genus Ubaghsicystis has been scarcely recorded in a few Cambrian regions (e.g., Burgess Shale in Canada and Los Barrios de Luna in Spain), so that the information about this taxon is limited. Conclusions: The Cambrian succession of Sonora, where Ubaghsicystis occurred, was part of the border from the Laurentia craton during this period, located near the Paleoequator during this period, where ideal conditions for increasing diversity and abundance of species were developed, including echinoderms.
References
Almazán-Vázquez, E. (1989). El Cámbrico-Ordovícico de Arivechi, en la región centro oriental del estado de Sonora. Revista del Instituto de Geología UNAM, 8(1), 58-66.
Beresi, M.S., Buitrón-Sánchez, B., Cuen-Romero, F.J., & Palafox, J.J. (2019). Escleritomos de Chancelloria eros y escleritos del Cámbrico medio (Serie 3, Piso 5) de Sonora central, México. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas, 36(1), 54-63.
Bruguière, J.G. (1791). Tableau Encyclopédique et Méthodique, au les Vers Infusoires, les Vers Intestines, les Vers Mollusques (Vol. 7). Paris: Panckoucke.
Buitrón, B.E. (1992). Las rocas sedimentarias marinas del Paleozoico inferior de México y su contenido biótico. In J.C. Gutiérrez Marco, J. Saavedra, & I. Rábano (Eds.), Paleozoico inferior de Ibero-América (pp. 193-201). Badajoz, Spain: Universidad de Extremadura.
Buitrón-Sánchez, B., Corona-González, N., Cuen-Romero F., Palafox-Reyes, J.J., & Ramírez-Guerrero, G. (2016). Icnofósiles del Cámbrico Inferior de San José de Gracia, Sonora. Paleontología Mexicana, 5(1), 33-40.
Buitrón-Sánchez, B., Cuen-Romero F., Huerta-Ruiz, A., & Montijo-González, A. (2017a). Hiolítidos del Cámbrico (Hyolitha) de San José de Gracia, Sonora, México. Consideraciones estratigráficas y paleogeográficas. Paleontología Mexicana, 6(1), 25-34.
Buitrón-Sánchez, B., Cuen-Romero F.J., Montijo-González, A., & Beresi S.M. (2017b). El equinodermo Gogia granulosa (Echinodermata: Blastozoa) del Cámbrico temprano-medio en Sonora, México: paleoecología y paleogeografía. Revista de Biología Tropical, 65(1), 160-167.
Cooper, G.A., Arellano, A.R.V., Johnson J.H., Okulitch, V.J., Stoyanow. A., & Lochman, C. (1952). Cambrian Stratigraphy and Paleontology near Caborca, northwestern Sonora, México. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 119, 1-184.
Cooper, G.A., Arellano, A.R.V., Johnson J.H., Okulitch, V.J., Stoyanow, A., & Lochman, C. (1956). Geología y Paleontología de la región de Caborca, norponiente de Sonora. Ciudad de México: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Geología.
Cuen, R.F., Beresi, M.S., Montijo, A., Buitrón, B.E., Minjárez, I., De la O.M., & Palafox, J.J. (2013). Chancelloriia Walcott, 1920 y Reticulosa Reid, 1958 del Cámbrico medio de San José de Gracia, Sonora, México. Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, 65, 581-590.
Cuen-Romero, F.J., Valdez-Holguín, J.E., Buitrón, B.E., Monreal, R., Sundberg, F., Montijo-González, A., & Minjarez-Sosa, I. (2016). Cambrian Stratigraphy of San José de Gracia, Sonora, Mexico: El Gavilán Formation, a new lithostratigraphic unit of middle Cambrian open shelf environment. Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, 68(3), 429-441.
Cuen-Romero, F.J., Valdez-Holguín, J.E., Buitrón-Sánchez, B.E., Monreal, R., Enríquez-Ocaña, L.F., Aguirre-Hinojosa, E., Palafox-Reyes, J.J. (2018). Trilobite-based biostratigraphy (Arthropoda-Trilobita) and related faunas of the Cambrian from Sonora, Mexico. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 83, 227-236.
Cuen-Romero, F.J., Valdez-Holguín, J.E., Buitrón-Sánchez, B.E., Monreal, R., Enríquez-Ocaña, L.F., Hinojosa, E.A., Palafox Reyes, J.J. (2019). Paleoecology of Cambrian communities of central Sonora, Mexico: Paleoenvironmental and biostratigraphic considerations. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 92, 631-645.
Danzos-Acuña, G.H. (2018). Bioestratigrafía del Cámbrico del Cerro El Sahuaral, Sonora, México: Paleoecología y Paleogeografía: Sonora, México (Master’s thesis). Universidad de Sonora, Mexico.
Gil Cid, M.D., & Domínguez Alonso, P. (2002). Ubaghsicystis segurae nov. gen. y sp., nuevo Eocrinoide (Echinodermata) del Cámbrico Medio del Norte de España. Coloquios de Paleontología, 53, 21-32.
González-León, C. (1986). Estratigrafía del Paleozoico de la Sierra del Tule, Noroeste de Sonora. Revista del Instituto de Geología UNAM, 6(2), 117-135.
Jaekel, O. (1918). Phylogenie und System der Pelmatozoen. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 3, 1, 1-128.
Liñán, E. (1996). Trilobites. Boletín de la SEA, 16, 45-56.
Lochman, C. (1948). New Cambrian Trilobite Genera from Northwest Sonora, Mexico. Journal of Paleontology, 22(4), 451-464.
McMenamin, M.A.S. (1987). Lower Cambrian trilobites, zonation, and correlation of the Puerto Blanco Formation, Sonora, Mexico. Journal of Paleontology, 61(4), 738-749.
Nardin, E., Almazán-Vázquez, E., & Buitrón-Sánchez, B.E. (2009). First report of Gogia (Eocrinoidea-Echinodermata) from the Early-Middle Cambrian of Sonora (México), with biostratigraphical and paleoecological comments. Geobios, 42, 233-242.
Noriega-Ruiz, H.A. (2019). Litofacies, microfacies y biofacies del Cámbrico del área El Sahuaral, Sonora central: consideraciones paleoecológicas y paleogeográficas (Master’s thesis). Universidad de Sonora, Mexico.
Noriega-Ruiz, H. A., Cuen-Romero, F. J., Enríquez-Ocaña, L. F., Sundberg, F. A., Monreal, R., Varela-Romero, A., Palafox-Reyes, J. J., & Grijalva-Noriega, F. J. (2020). Cambrian stratigraphy (Series 2 to Miaolingian) of the El Sahuaral area in central Sonora, Mexico: Biostratigraphic implications. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 103(2020), 102797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2020.102797
Rasetti, F. (1951). Middle Cambrian Stratigraphy and faunas of the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 116, 1-277.
Robison, R.A. (1976). Middle Cambrian Eocrinoids from western North America. Journal of Paleontology, 39(3), 355-364.
Sprinkle, J. (1973). Morphology and evolution of the blastozoan echinoderms. Cambridge: Harvard University Museum of Comparative Zoology, 283 pp.
Stewart, J.H., Amaya-Martínez, R., & Palmer, A.R. (2002). Neoproterozoic and Cambrian strata of Sonora, Mexico: Rodinian supercontinent to Laurentian Cordilleran margin. Special Papers-Geological Society of America, 365, 5-48.
Stewart, J.H., McMenamin, A.S., & Morales-Ramirez, J.M. (1984). Upper Proterozoic and Cambrian Rocks in the Caborca Region, Sonora, México. Physical Stratigraphy, Biostratigraphy, Paleocurrent Studies and Regional Relations. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 1309, 36.
Sumrall, C.D., & Zamora S. (2015). A columnal-bearing eocrinoid from the Cambrian Burgess Shale (British Columbia, Canada). Journal of Paleontology, 89(2), 366-368.
Sundberg, F.A. (1994). Corynexochida and Prychopariida (Trilobita, Arthropoda) of the Ehmaniella Biozone (Middle Cambrian), Utah and Nevada. Contributions in Science, 446, 137.
Vega-Granillo, R. (1996). Geología de la Sierra de Mazatán. Boletín del Departamento de Geología, 13, 89-102.
Zamora, S., Clausen, S., Álvaro, J.J., & Smith A.B. (2010). Pelmatozoa echinoderms as colonizers of carbonate firmgrounds in mid-Cambrian high-energy environments. Palaios, 25, 764-768
Comments
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.