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Abstract
: In tropical forests, populations of medium and large mammals are being impacted by human activities. Understanding how species respond to land use conversion, fragmentation, and the encroachment of roads density and settlements is of conservation interest in highly biodiverse regions. Objetive: In this study, we assessed the effect of human disturbance and environmental variables on trophic guilds of medium and large mammals in the tropical forests of the Sierra Negra-Mazateca in southern Mexico. Methods: We characterized the landscape (land use and vegetation, number of fragments, and edge density) through supervised classification of Landsat 8 images. We recorded species using camera-trap stations and evaluated the relationship between the presence and the relative abundance of species with human disturbance variables using zero-inflated regression models. Results: Our research reveals that the landscape of the Sierra Negra-Mazateca is dominated by fragments of secondary forests (48.6%) with a small proportion of primary forests (9.6%). We found no significant differences in the overall relative abundance of species between primary and secondary forests, but significant differences were observed for omnivore and carnivore guilds. Human disturbances had a disparate effect among guilds, affecting negatively to carnivores and positively to herbivores. Conclusions: Secondary forest are refuges for tolerant species, nevertheless, we emphasize the need to conserve primary forests ones to safeguard medium and large mammals, especially the carnivore guild.
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