Keywords
Matusagaratí; complejo de humedales; bosques de pantano; orey; Darién; estrategia de regeneración
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction: Orey swamp forests (Campnosperma panamense) are found on the Caribbean coast of Central America, from Nicaragua to Panama, and in the Pacific of Colombia to Northern Ecuador. In Panama, orey grows in monospecific stands or is the dominant species in inundated mixed forests, mainly along the coasts of Bocas del Toro province and Comarca Ngäbe-Buglé. The species was known to occur in Darien province, in the Pacific, although almost no information on its distribution and forest extension in the region existed. Objective: To describe the structure and floristics of orey forests in Darien, map their extension, and propose a model for their regeneration strategy. Methods: This work is part of a vegetation mapping project of the Matusagaratí complex of wetlands. It includes the use of drones, ground truthing, vegetation sampling through temporary plots, and general plant collecting. A supervised classification of a Landsat satellite image was performed to delimit the orey forest extension. To study the orey forest regeneration strategy, a digitalization of forest gaps in high resolution WorldView-2 and Planet Scope images over years was performed. Gap frequency and turnover time for forest stands were calculated. Results: Several monospecific orey mature forest patches were found in remote areas of the Matusagaratí complex of wetlands, for a total of 1 267 hectares. A description of the floristics and structure of orey forests in Darien is presented. A conceptual model of orey mature forest development and gap regeneration is proposed. Conclusions: Our knowledge of the floristic composition, structure and distribution of orey forests in the Republic of Panama has increased. For the first time, a model about their regeneration strategy is proposed. These forests seem to be evolving to different formations. Finally, some hypotheses are proposed about how they might respond to changing environmental conditions.
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