Experimental Design to Analyze Fluorescent Security Featuresin Two Costa Rican Banknotes Using Spectrofluorimetry

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15517/d7qpzq18

Keywords:

Comparative analysis, design of experiments, emission spectrum, fluorescence, physical property

Abstract

Most of the current banknotes contain fluorescent security features, yet their analysis using spectroscopic techniques has been limited in Costa Rica. Therefore, this study examines the homogeneity of fluorescent marks in two-thousand- and ten thousand-colón banknotes through spectroscopic methods, with the aim of enhancing authentication and security strategies. Fifteen banknotes of each denomination were statistically analyzed using fluorescence spectroscopy within a two-factor experimental design with a randomized block, where the main factors were the measurement region of the fluorescent marks and the circulation time of the banknotes. The results showed that the spatial positioning of the fluorescent features is consistent across the analyzed banknotes. However, spectral properties such as emission wavelength and intensity exhibited significant effects with respect to the measurement region factor. In contrast, the circulation factor did not show a relevant effect, suggesting that protective coatings effectively preserve the properties of fluorescent inks. In conclusion, the findings confirm the feasibility of using spectroscopy for quality control and banknote authentication. Further research is recommended to include additional denominations or variables.

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Published

2026-07-02

Issue

Vol. 36 No. 2 (2026): July–December 2026 (open issue)

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Original Articles

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Copyright (c) 2026 James Andrés Ruiz Vásquez, Ernesto Montero Zeledón (Autor/a)

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