Viviendo con daño cerebral adquirido (DCA) en Costa Rica durante el COVID-19: narrativas y ajustes en la adversidad psicosocial

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15517/dn31kd69

Palabras clave:

Bienestar, Daño Cerebral Adquirido, COVID-19, identidad cultural

Resumen

Introducción: La vivencia del daño cerebral adquirido (DCA) en Costa Rica, durante la pandemia por COVID-19, implicó desafíos y adversidades para esta población, sus cuidadores informales y las personas profesionales de salud. El aislamiento, la discriminación y los estereotipos afectaron el bienestar psicosocial, aunque estas experiencias pueden haber variado según el contexto cultural. Las investigaciones en este tema, en América Latina, son actualmente limitadas. Por ello, se exploraron sus experiencias, considerando la pandemia como una situación psicosocial adversa. También se contempló el papel percibido de la cultura proximal o colectivista como posible factor protector. Metodología: El estudio fue transversal y descriptivo, con un enfoque fenomenológico cualitativo. Se realizó una encuesta abierta en línea para recopilar narrativas y datos de autorreporte. La muestra incluyó 35 personas adultas con DCA, 22 cuidadores informales y 8 profesionales de la salud especializados en la atención del DCA. Resultados: Los hallazgos muestran que personas con DCA, cuidadores informales y profesionales de la salud experimentaron distintos niveles de miedo relacionado con la pandemia. Las narrativas destacaron el impacto de la pandemia en aspectos como economía, empleo, familia e interacciones sociales. Sin embargo, algunas personas también percibieron estabilidad e identificaron áreas potenciales de crecimiento personal en la crisis sanitaria. Conclusiones: El estudio mostró que los participantes enfrentaron una doble adversidad, los desafíos durante la pandemia además de las repercusiones de su condición de salud. Las tendencias proximales y colectivistas dentro del contexto cultural de Costa Rica fueron consideradas como un potencial factor protector para estas poblaciones.

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2026-02-18

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Artículos Científicos