Distribución espacio-temporal de la tuberculosis de 2011 al 2016 en el municipio de Maputo, Mozambique

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15517/psm.v18i2.43340

Palabras clave:

Epidemiología, análisis espacio-temporal, salud pública, Mozambique

Resumen

Objetivo: realizar una caracterización espacio-temporal de la incidencia de tuberculosis (TB) en Maputo, Mozambique. Método: estudio ecológico descriptivo de casos de tuberculosis reportados en un sistema de información. Se analizó la tasa de incidencia media anual y el número de casos de notificación de TB en el municipio de Maputo entre 2011 y 2016. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva para calcular las medidas de tendencia central (media) y la aplicación del modelo de regresión lineal de Poisson Las notificaciones trimestrales se estratificaron por distrito, forma clínica y grupo de edad. Resultados: se notificaron 34,623 casos de TB entre 2011 y 2016, con un promedio trimestral de 1,443 casos. La incidencia anual promedio fue mayor en el distrito de Kampfumo, 909.8 por cada 100 mil habitantes (IC 95% 854.1 - 968.2), casi el doble que la incidencia del municipio de Maputo, 527.8 (IC 95% 514 , 3-541.6), y el país de Mozambique, 551 (95% CI 356 - 787). El diagnóstico clínico de los casos fue mayor en relación al diagnóstico bacteriológico, 44% y 35%, respectivamente. Conclusión: Maputo tuvo tasas de incidencia similares a las del país, sin embargo, hubo una heterogeneidad en las tasas por distrito y una reducción en el número de casos de TB en la población general (no coinfectados con VIH) y en los mayores de 15 años, siendo mayores en el primer trimestre.

Descargas

Los datos de descarga aún no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

  • Alba Regina Azevedo Arana, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, BRASIL

    Possui graduação em Licenciatura(1986) e Bacharelado (1987) em Geografia pela Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (1986), mestrado em Geografia (Geografia Humana) pela Universidade de São Paulo (1993) e doutorado em Geografia (Geografia Humana) pela Universidade de São Paulo (2001). Atualmente é Coordenadora do Programa de Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Regional da Unoeste (Mestrado e Doutorado) membro da comissão do PDI da Universidade do Oeste Paulista (2013 - atual), membro da Comissão Própria de Avaliação - CPA da Universidade do Oeste Paulista (2013- atual), professor titular da Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Membro da Rede Brasileira de Pesquisa e Gestão em Desenvolvimento Territorial - RETE e Membro da Rede ODS Brasil. Representante da Unoeste no Comitê da Bacia Hidrográfica do Pontal do Paranapanema (a partir de 2017), no Comitê da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Paranapanema (dez/2016 a atual) e no Grupo Técnico das Instituições de Ensino Superior do CBH Rio Paranapanema (a partir 2017); 

Referencias

Abebe, G., Deribew A., Apers, L., Woldemichael, K., Shiffa, J., Tesfaye, M., Abdissa, A., ... and Colebunders, R. (2010). Knowledge, Health Seeking Behavior and Perceived Stigma towards Tuberculosis among Tuberculosis Suspects in a Rural Community in Southwest Ethiopia. PLoS ONE, 5(10), 1–7. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013339. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0013339

Ane-Anyangwe, I. N., Akenji, T. N., Mbacham, W. F., Penlap, V. N., and Titanji, V. P. K. (2006). Seasonal Variation and Prevalence of Tuberculosis among Health Seekers in the South Western Cameroon. East African Medical Journal, 83(11), 588–95. doi: 10.4314/eamj.v83i11.9474. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/eamj.v83i11.9474

Avilov, K. K., Romanyukha, A. A., Borisov, S. E., Belilovsky, E. M., Nechaeva O. B., and Karkach, A. S. (2015). An Approach to Estimating Tuberculosis Incidence and Case Detection Rate from Routine Notification Data. International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 19(3), 288–94. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.14.0317. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.14.0317

Berg, S., Schelling, E., Hailu, E., Firdessa, R., Gumi, B., Erenso, G., Gadisa, E., ... and Aseffa, A. (2015). Investigation of the High Rates of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Ethiopia Reveals No Single Driving Factor and Minimal Evidence for Zoonotic Transmission of Mycobacterium Bovis Infection. BMC Infectious Diseases, 15(1), 1–10. doi: 10.1186/s12879-015-0846-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-015-0846-7

Bhaskaran, K., Gasparrini, A., Hajat, S., Smeeth, L., and Armstrong, B. (2013). Time Series Regression Studies in Environmental Epidemiology. International Journal of Epidemiology, 42(4), 1187–95. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyt092. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyt092

Borgdorff, M.W., Sebek, M., Geskus, R.B., Kremer, K., Kalisvaart, N., and van Soolingen, N. (2011). The Incubation Period Distribution of Tuberculosis Estimated with a Molecular Epidemiological Approach. International Journal of Epidemiology, 40(4), 964–70. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyr058. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyr058

Bos, J. C., Smalbraak, L., Macome, A.C., Gomes, E., van Leth, F., and Prins, J.M. (2013). TB Diagnostic Process Management of Patients in a Referral Hospital in Mozambique in Comparison with the 2007 WHO Recommendations for the Diagnosis of Smear-Negative Pulmonary TB and Extrapulmonary TB. International Health, 5(4), 302–8. doi: 10.1093/inthealth/iht025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/iht025

Brouwer, M., Coelho, E., Mosse, C.D., Brondi, L., Winterton, L., and Leth, F.V. (2014). Health Care Workers Challenges in the implementation of prevention and control Measures in Mozambique. Plos One, 9(12), e114364. Retrieved from http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0114364&type=printable DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0114364

Dodd, Peter J., Elizabeth Gardiner, Renia Coghlan, and James A. Seddon. (2014). Burden of Childhood Tuberculosis in 22 High-Burden Countries: A Mathematical Modelling Study. The Lancet Global Health, 2(8), e453–59. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(14)70245-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(14)70245-1

Fares, A. (2011). Seasonality of tuberculosis. J Glob Infect Dis, 3(1), 46. Retrieved from http://www.jgid.org/text.asp?2011/3/1/46/77296 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-777X.77296

Fay, M.P., Feuer, E.J. (1997). Confidence intervals for directly standardized rates: a method based on the gamma distribution. Stat Med, 16(7), 791-801. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19970415)16:7<791::AID-SIM500>3.0.CO;2-#

Freitas, I. M., Paschoal Popolin, M., Mosna Touso, M., Yamamura, M., Barbosa Bandeira Rodrigues, L., Santos Neto, M., ... and Arcêncio, R.A. (2015). Fatores Associados Ao Conhecimento Sobre Tuberculose e Atitudes Das Famílias de Pacientes Com a Doença Em Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo. Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia, 18(2), 326–40. doi: 10.1590/1980-5497201500020004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5497201500020004

Fox, G. J., Barry, S., Britton W., and Marks, J.B. (2013). Contact Investigation for Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. European Respiratory Journal, 41(1), 140–56. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00070812. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00070812

García-Basteiro, A.L., López-Varela, E., Joaquim Augusto, O., Kizito Gondo, J.M., Jahit S., Marais, B., Alonso, P., and Ribó, J.L. (2015). Radiological Findings in Young Children Investigated for Tuberculosis in Mozambique. PLoS ONE, 10(5), 1–12. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127323. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127323

García-Basteiro, A. L., Miranda Ribeiro, R., Brew, J., Sacoor, C., Valencia, S., Bulo, H., Cobelens, F., and Macete, E. (2017). Tuberculosis on the Rise in Southern Mozambique (1997-2012). The European Respiratory Journal, 49(3). doi: 10.1183/13993003.01683-2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01683-2016

Gashu, Z. D., Jerene, D. G., Datiko, N., Hiruy, S., Negash, K., Melkieneh, D., ... and Hadgu, A. (2018). Seasonal Patterns of Tuberculosis Case Notification in the Tropics of Africa: A Six-Year Trend Analysis in Ethiopia. PLoS ONE, 13(11),1–12. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207552. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207552

Gelaw, Y., Yu, W., Magalhães, R.S., Assefa, Y., and Williams, G. (2019). Effect of temperature and altitude difference on tuberculosis notification: A systematic review. Glob. Infect. Dis, 11, 63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_95_18 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_95_18

Ginestet, C. (2011). The R Project for Statistical Computing [Software]. Retrieved from http://www.r-project.org

Kumar, V., Abhay S., Mrinmoy, A., Shailaja, D., Khokhar, A., and Singh, S. (2014). Seasonality of Tuberculosis in Delhi, India: A Time Series Analysis. Tuberculosis Research and Treatment, 1–5. doi: 10.1155/2014/514093. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/514093

Liao, Ch. M., Nan, H. H., Tang, L. H., Yi, H. Ch., Yi, J. L., Chia, P. Ch., Szu, Ch. Ch., and Min, P. L. (2012). Assessing Trends and Predictors of Tuberculosis in Taiwan. BMC Public Health, 12(1). doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-29

Lisboa, M., Fronteira, I., Colove, E., Nhamonga, M., and Martins, M. R. (2019). Time Delay and Associated Mortality from Negative Smear to Positive Xpert MTB/RIF Test among TB/HIV Patients: A Retrospective Study. BMC Infectious Diseases, 19(1), 1–10. doi: 10.1186/s12879-018-3656-x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3656-x

Lundbye-Christensen, S., Dethlefsen, C., Gorst-Rasmussen, A., Fischer, F., Schønheyder, C., Rothman, J.K., and Sørensen, H.T. (2009). Examining Secular Trends and Seasonality in Count Data Using Dynamic Generalized Linear Modelling: A New Methodological Approach Illustrated with Hospital Discharge Data on Myocardial Infarction. European Journal of Epidemiology, 24(5), 225–30. doi: 10.1007/s10654-009-9325-z. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-009-9325-z

Mathema, B., Lewis, J. J., Connors, J., Chihota, V. N., Shashkina, E., van der Meulen, M., … and Churchyard, G. J. (2015). Molecular Epidemiology ofMycobacterium tuberculosisamong South African Gold Miners. Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 12(1), 12–20. doi:10.1513/annalsats.201404-150oc DOI: https://doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201404-150OC

Martineau, A. R., Shepherd, N., Tolu, O., Molebogeng, X., Rangaka, S. M, Nonzwakazi, B., Relebohile, T., Lizl, B., De Azevedo, V., Caldwell, J., Venton, T., Timms., P. M,. Wilkinson, K., and Wilkinson, R.J. (2011). Reciprocal Seasonal Variation in Vitamin D Status and Tuberculosis Notifications in Cape Town, South Africa. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 108(47), 19013–17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1111825108. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1111825108

Ministry of Health of Mozambique. (2013). Operational Strategic Plan 2014-2018. National Program for Tuberculosis Control (PNCT). Retrieved from http://gard-cplp.ihmt.unl.pt/Documentos/Paises/Mocambique/Plano_Estrategico_Operacional_Tuberculose_Mocambique_2014-2018.pdf

Ministry of Health of Mozambique. (2018). Survey on Indicators of Immunization, Malaria and HIV AIDS in Mozambique”. IMASIDA - 2015 (1st Ed.). Maputo, Mozambique: Republic of Mozambique.

Ministry of Health of Mozambique. (2014). National Program for Tuberculosis Control. Operational and strategic Plan (1st Ed.). Maputo, Mozambique: Republic of Mozambique.

Moiane, I., Adelina, M., Nuno, S., André, N., Osvaldo, I., Jan, H., Gunilla, K., Jakob, Z., and Correia-Neves, M. (2014). Prevalence of Bovine Tuberculosis and Risk Factor Assessment in Cattle in Rural Livestock Areas of Govuro District in the Southeast of Mozambique. PLoS ONE, 9(3). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091527. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091527

Muleia, Rachid, Makini Boothe, Osvaldo Loquiha, Marc Aerts, and Christel Faes. (2020). Spatial Distribution of HIV Prevalence among Young People in Mozambique. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(3),1–20. doi: 0.3390/ijerph17030885. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030885

Munch, Z. Van Lill, S.W, Booysen, C.N, Zietsman, H.L, Enarson, D.A, Beyers, N. (2003). Tuberculosis transmission patterns in a high-incidence area: a spatial analysis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 7(3), 271-277.

Narula, P., Praveer, S., Sarita, A., and Pietro, L. (2015). Analyzing Seasonality of Tuberculosis across Indian States and Union Territories. Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health, 5(4), 337–46. doi: 10.1016/j.jegh.2015.02.004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jegh.2015.02.004

National Institute of Statistic. (2007). Censuses - General of Popul. and Housing. Retrieved from http://www.ine.gov.mz/operacoes-estatisticas/censos/censo-2007/rgph-2007

National Institute of Statistic. (2011). District Statistics - Maputo City. General of Popul. and Housing. Retrieved from http://www.ine.gov.mz/estatisticas/estatisticas-territorias-distritais/maputo-cidade/2011/estatisticas-do-distrito-cidade-de-maputo-2011.pdf/view

National Institute of Statistic. (2017). Statistical Yearbook, Maputo City. Maputo, Mozambique. Retrieved from

http://www.ine.gov.mz/estatisticas/publicacoes/anuario/nacionais/anuario-estatistico-2017.pdf

Nguenha, N., Almiro, T., Mirela, P., Loira, M., Afonso, N., Germano, P., Edirsse, M., ... and Tufária, M. (2018). Clinical and Epidemiological Characterization of Influenza Virus Infections in Children with Severe Acute Respiratory Infection in Maputo, Mozambique: Results from the Implementation of Sentinel Surveillance, 2014 – 2016. PLoS ONE, 13(3), 1–14. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194138. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0194138

Nunes, T., Cord, H., Jonathon, M., Sanchez, J., Thorn, R., Reiczigel, J., Robison-cox, J., Sebastiani, P., Solymos, P., Yoshida, K., Pirikahu, S., Firestone, S., Kyle, R., Jay, M., Reynard, C., and Stevenson, M.M. (2020). “Package ‘ EpiR .’”

Orlando, S, Triulzi I., Ciccacci F., Palla I., Palombi L., Marazzi M.C., Giuliano M., Floridia M., Mancinelli S., Mutemba E., and Turchetti G. (2018). Delayed Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis in HIV+ Patients in Mozambique: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Screening Protocols Based on Four Symptom Screening, Smear Microscopy, Urine LAM Test and Xpert MTB/RIF. PLoS ONE, 13(7), 1–16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200523

Oliveira, Nathália França, and Maria Jacirema Ferreira Gonçalves. (2013). Social and Environmental Factors Associated with the Hospitalization of Tuberculosis Patients. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem, 21(2), 507–14. doi: 10.1590/S0104-11692013000200006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-11692013000200006

Oshi, Daniel C., Joseph N. Chukwu, Charles C. Nwafor, Anthony O. Meka, Nelson O. Madichie, Chidubem L. Ogbudebe, Ugochukwu U. Onyeonoro, Joy N. Ikebudu, Ngozi Ekeke, Moses C. Anyim, Kingsley N. Ukwaja, and Emmanuel N. Aguwa. (2016). Does Intensified Case Finding Increase Tuberculosis Case Notification among Children in Resource-Poor Settings? A Report from Nigeria. International Journal of Mycobacteriology, 5(1), 44–50. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmyco.2015.10.007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmyco.2015.10.007

Southern Africa Tuberculosis and Health Systems. (2017). Retrieved from https://www.satbhss.org/

Semá-Baltazar, Cynthia, Yara Voss DeLima, Helena Ricardo, Carlos Botão, Denise Chitsondzo Langa, Paulino Da Costa, Diosdélio Malamule, Angelo Augusto, Sofia Viegas, Nkechi Obisie-Nmehielle, Laura Tomm-Bonde, and Francis Bwambale Mulekya. (2020). HIV Prevalence and TB in Migrant Miners Communities of Origin in Gaza Province, Mozambique: The Need for Increasing Awareness and Knowledge. PLoS ONE, 15(4), 1–14. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231303. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231303

Telisinghe, Lilanganee, Salome Charalambous, Stephanie M. Topp, Michael E. Herce, Christopher J. Hoffmann, Peter Barron, Erik J. Schouten, Andreas Jahn, Rony Zachariah, Anthony D. Harries, Chris Beyrer, and Joseph J. Amon. (2016). HIV and Tuberculosis in Prisons in Sub-Saharan Africa. The Lancet, 388(10050), 1215–27. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30578-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30578-5

Tedijanto, C., Hermans, S., Cobelens, F., Wood, R., and Andrews, J.R. (2018). Drivers of Seasonal Variation in Tuberculosis Incidence: Insights from a Systematic Review and Mathematical Model. Epidemiology, 29, 857–866. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0000000000000877 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0000000000000877

The World Bank. (2018). Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people) - South Africa, Mozambique. Incid. Tuberc. (per 100,000 people) Retrieved from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.TBS.INCD?end=2016&locations=ZA-MZ&start=2000&view=chart

Van’t Hoog, Anna H., Kayla F. Laserson, Willie A. Githui, Helen K. Meme, Janet A. Agaya, Lazarus O. Odeny, Benson G. Muchiri, Barbara J. Marston, Kevin M. DeCock, and Martien W. Borgdorff. (2011). High Prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Inadequate Case Finding in Rural Western Kenya. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 183(9), 1245–53. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201008-1269OC. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201008-1269OC

Vynnycky, E., and P. E. M. Fine. 2000. Lifetime Risks, Incubation Period, and Serial Interval of Tuberculosis. American Journal of Epidemiology, 152(3), 247–63. doi: 10.1093/aje/152.3.247. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/152.3.247

Wang, Yongbin, Chunjie Xu, Jingchao Ren, Weidong Wu, Xiangmei Zhao, Ling Chao, Wenjuan Liang, and Sanqiao Yao. (2020). Secular Seasonality and Trend Forecasting of Tuberculosis Incidence Rate in China Using the Advanced Error-Trend-Seasonal Framework. Infection and Drug Resistance, 13, 733–47. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S238225. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S238225

Wang, Xiaoqing, Zhenhua Yang, Yanyong Fu, Guoqin Zhang, Xu Wang, Yuhua Zhang, and Xiexiu Wang. (2014). Insight to the Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Tianjin, China during 2006-2011. PLoS ONE, 9(12),1–12. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112213. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112213

Wardani, D. W. S. R., and Wahono, E. P. (2020). Spatial-Temporal Dynamisc of Tuberculosis Clusters in Indonesia. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 45(1), 43-47. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_182_19 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_182_19

World Health Organization. (2019). Global tuberculosis report (Internet). Geneva: Author. Retrieved from https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/191102/9789241565059_eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

World Health Organization. (2018). Global tuberculosis report (1st Ed.). Geneva: Author. Retrieved from https://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s23553en/s23553en.pdf

Wubuli, Atikaimu, Yuehua Li, Feng Xue, Xuemei Yao, Halmurat Upur, and Qimanguli Wushouer. (2017). Seasonality of Active Tuberculosis Notification from 2005 to 2014 in Xinjiang, China. PLoS ONE, 12(7), 1–12. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180226. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180226

Yu, Ya, Bo Wu, Chengguo Wu, Qingya Wang, Daiyu Hu, and Wei Chen. (2020). Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Tuberculosis. BMC Infectious Diseases, 20, 1–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-020-05249-3

Zheng, Yan Ling, Li Ping Zhang, Xue Liang Zhang, Kai Wang, and Yu Jian Zheng. 2015. Forecast Model Analysis for the Morbidity of Tuberculosis in Xinjiang, China. PLoS ONE, 10(3),1–13. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116832. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116832

Zhu, Minmin, Guiyuan Han, Howard Eugene Takiff, Jian Wang, Jianping Ma, Min Zhang, and Shengyuan Liu. (2018). Times Series Analysis of Age-Specific Tuberculosis at a Rapid Developing Region. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 2011–16. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-27024-w. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-27024-w

Descargas

Publicado

2020-12-11

Número

Sección

Artículos Científicos