Odovtos - International Journal of Dental Sciences ISSN Impreso: 1659-1046 ISSN electrónico: 2215-3411

OAI: https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/Odontos/oai
Exploring the Complexities of Temporomandibular Joint Function and Dysfunction: A Contemporary Review
PDF
HTML
EPUB

Keywords

TMJ anatomy; TMJ physiology; TMJ etiology; TMJ diagnostic modalities; TMJ treatment.
Anatomía de la ATM; Fisiología de la ATM; Etiología de la ATM; Modalidades de diagnóstico de la ATM; Tratamiento de la ATM.

How to Cite

Vinayak, V., Ram, K. A., & Chandran, J. (2024). Exploring the Complexities of Temporomandibular Joint Function and Dysfunction: A Contemporary Review. Odovtos - International Journal of Dental Sciences, 26(3), 79–98. https://doi.org/10.15517/ijds.2024.60113

Abstract

This contemporary review delves into the intricate realm of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function and dysfunction, shedding light on its multifaceted nature and offering insights into diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The TMJ, a vital component of the craniofacial complex, plays a pivotal role in everyday activities such as chewing, speaking, and yawning. Understanding its anatomy and physiology is paramount in the treatment and management of TMJ dysfunction. The biomechanics of TMJ function, from the articular disc to the surrounding ligaments and muscles, have been explored comprehensively. A critical aspect of this review revolves around the diverse etiological factors contributing to TMJ dysfunction. Genetic predispositions, parafunctions, occlusal irregularities, and psychological stress are dissected to illuminate the roles of these factors in the development of TMJ disorders. These complexities prompted the need for a robust classification system elucidating the clinical manifestations and diagnostic criteria for various TMJ disorders. Modern diagnostic modalities, including clinical assessment, imaging techniques, and joint aspiration, are scrutinized for their indispensable roles in accurate diagnosis. The comprehensive overview included management strategies, from conservative measures to surgical interventions. In recognizing the pivotal influence of psychosocial factors, this review underscores the importance of patient-centered care and cognitive-behavioral interventions. Furthermore, regenerative therapies, minimally invasive techniques, and personalized medicine are emerging trends in TMJ research. This review provides a contemporary roadmap for comprehending, diagnosing, and managing TMJ-related conditions.

https://doi.org/10.15517/ijds.2024.60113
PDF
HTML
EPUB

References

S. Nokar, L. Sadighpour, H. Shirzad, A. Shahrokhi Rad, and A. Keshvad, "Evaluation of signs, symptoms, and occlusal factors among patients with temporomandibular disorders according to Helkimo index," (in eng), Cranio, vol. 37, no. 6: pp. 383-388, Nov 2019.

D. Stocum and W. Roberts, "Part I: Development and Physiology of the Temporomandibular Joint," Current Osteoporosis Reports, vol. 16, 08/01, 2018.

R. Sen and J. A. J. T. I. S. P. Hurley, "Osteoarthritis. StatPearls," 2022.

M. E. Bender, R. B. Lipin, and S. L. Goudy, "Development of the Pediatric Temporomandibular Joint," (in eng), Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am, vol. 30, no. 1: pp. 1-9, Feb 2018.

S. A. Pai, S. R. Poojari, K. Ramachandra, R. Patel, M. J. J. o. A. C. Jyothi, and R. Insights, "Temporomandibular joint-An anatomical view," vol. 6, no. 1: pp. 1-5, 2019.

C. E. J. A. H. Niekrash and N. A. f. t. F. C. Surgeon, "Muscles of Mastication and the Temporomandibular Joint," pp. 117-119, 2021.

G. Wilkie and Z. J. B. D. J. Al-Ani, "Temporomandibular joint anatomy, function and clinical relevance," vol. 233, no. 7: pp. 539-546, 2022.

M. Runci Anastasi et al., "The discomallear ligament: anatomical, microscopical, and radiologic analysis," vol. 42: pp. 559-565, 2020.

C. R. P. Andrés, R. D. Emilio, and J. R. James, "Biomechanics of the Temporomandibular joint," in Temporomandibular Joint-Surgical Reconstruction and Managements: IntechOpen, 2022.

B. Bordoni and M. Varacallo, "Anatomy, head and neck, temporomandibular joint," 2019.

T. L. Doshi, D. R. Nixdorf, C. M. Campbell, and S. N. Raja, "Biomarkers in Temporomandibular Disorder and Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Conceptual Framework for Understanding Chronic Pain," (in eng), Can J Pain, vol. 4, no. 1: pp. 1-18, 2020.

A. M. Cuccia et al., "The arterial blood supply of the temporomandibular joint: an anatomical study and clinical implications," vol. 43, no. 1: pp. 37-44, 2013.

H. Koh and P. J. J. o. o. r. Robinson, "Occlusal adjustment for treating and preventing temporomandibular joint disorders," vol. 31, no. 4: pp. 287-292, 2004.

G. E. J. A. O. S. Carlsson, "Some dogmas related to prosthodontics, temporomandibular disorders and occlusion," vol. 68, no. 6: pp. 313-322, 2010.

T. Badel, M. Marotti, I. Krolo, J. Kern, and J. J. A. C. C. Keros, "Occlusion in patients with temporomandibular joint anterior disk displacement," vol. 47, no. 3: pp. 129-36, 2008.

Y. L. Bell, T. Jämsä, S. Korri, P. M. Niemi, and P. J. A. O. S. Alanen, "Effect of artificial occlusal interferences depends on previous experience of temporomandibular disorders," vol. 60, no. 4: pp. 219-222, 2002.

M. Schmitter, Z. Balke, A. Hassel, B. Ohlmann, and P. J. C. o. i. Rammelsberg, "The prevalence of myofascial pain and its association with occlusal factors in a threshold country non-patient population," vol. 11: pp. 277-281, 2007.

O. C. Almăşan, M. Hedeşiu, G. Băciuţ, D. C. Leucuţa, and M. J. C. o. i. Băciuţ, "Disk and joint morphology variations on coronal and sagittal MRI in temporomandibular joint disorders," vol. 17: pp. 1243-1250, 2013.

S. Padala, S. Padmanabhan, and A. B. J. I. J. o. D. R. Chithranjan, "Comparative evaluation of condylar position in symptomatic (TMJ dysfunction) and asymptomatic individuals," vol. 23, no. 1: p. 122, 2012.

S. Y. K. Weffort and S. M. J. T. A. O. de Fantini, "Condylar displacement between centric relation and maximum intercuspation in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals," vol. 80, no. 5: pp. 835-842, 2010.

D. Gesch, O. Bernhardt, F. Mack, U. John, T. Kocher, and D. J. T. A. O. Alte, "Association of malocclusion and functional occlusion with subjective symptoms of TMD in adults: results of the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP)," vol. 75, no. 2: pp. 183-190, 2005.

M. Ferrando et al., "Psychological variables and temporomandibular disorders: distress, coping, and personality," vol. 98, no. 2: pp. 153-160, 2004.

L. Fischer, J. T. Clemente, and C. H. J. T. J. o. P. Tambeli, "The protective role of testosterone in the development of temporomandibular joint pain," vol. 8, no. 5: pp. 437-442, 2007.

W. Wang, T. Hayami, C. Chen, and S. J. J. D. R. Kapila, "Relaxin and estrogen receptor expression in TMJ and knee fibrocartilages," vol. 85, p. 0021, 2006.

K. M. J. E. R. M. Eyster and Protocols, "The estrogen receptors: an overview from different perspectives," pp. 1-10, 2016.

B. Jedynak et al., "TMD in females with menstrual disorders," vol. 18, no. 14: p. 7263, 2021.

P. J. De Coster, L. I. Van den Berghe, and L. C. J. J. o. o. p. Martens, "Generalized joint hypermobility and temporomandibular disorders: inherited connective tissue disease as a model with maximum expression," vol. 19, no. 1, 2005.

V. Kavuncu, S. Sahin, A. Kamanli, A. Karan, and C. J. R. i. Aksoy, "The role of systemic hypermobility and condylar hypermobility in temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome," vol. 26: pp. 257-260, 2006.

P. J. De Coster, L. C. Martens, A. J. J. o. o. p. De Paepe, and medicine, "Oral health in prevalent types of Ehlers-Danlos syndromes," vol. 34, no. 5: pp. 298-307, 2005.

R. Miyake, R. Ohkubo, J. Takehara, and M. J. J. o. o. r. Morita, "Oral parafunctions and association with symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in Japanese university students," vol. 31, no. 6: pp. 518-523, 2004.

O. Schierz, M. T. John, E. Schroeder, and F. J. T. J. o. p. d. Lobbezoo, "Association between anterior tooth wear and temporomandibular disorder pain in a German population," vol. 97, no. 5: pp. 305-309, 2007.

A. T. Cheifetz, S. K. Osganian, E. N. Allred, and H. L. J. J. o. d. f. c. Needleman, "Prevalence of bruxism and associated correlates in children as reported by parents," vol. 72, no. 2: pp. 67-73, 2005.

T. Magnusson, I. Egermark, and G. E. J. A. O. S. Carlsson, "A prospective investigation over two decades on signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders and associated variables. A final summary," vol. 63, no. 2: pp. 99-109, 2005.

R. Nicot et al., "ENPP1 and ESR1 genotypes influence temporomandibular disorders development and surgical treatment response in dentofacial deformities," vol. 44, no. 9: pp. 1226-1237, 2016.

A. Aiken, G. Bouloux, and P. J. M. r. i. c. o. N. A. Hudgins, "MR imaging of the temporomandibular joint," vol. 20, no. 3: pp. 397-412, 2012.

N. Manevska, T. Makazlieva, S. Stojanoski, I. Vela, and S. J. W. j. o. n. m. Komina, "Solitary metastatic deposit in the mandible from follicular thyroid carcinoma," vol. 19, no. 03: pp. 291-295, 2020.

T. A. Larheim, C. Hol, M. K. Ottersen, B. B. Mork-Knutsen, L. Z. J. O. Arvidsson, and M. S. Clinics, "The role of imaging in the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint pathology," vol. 30, no. 3: pp. 239-249, 2018.

D. Tamimi, H. D. Kocasarac, and S. Mardini, "Imaging of the Temporomandibular Joint," Seminars in Roentgenology, vol. 54, no. 3: pp. 282-301, 2019/07/01/ 2019.

D. Tamimi, E. Jalali, and D. Hatcher, "Temporomandibular Joint Imaging," (in eng), Radiol Clin North Am, vol. 56, no. 1: pp. 157-175, Jan 2018.

T. Klatkiewicz, K. Gawriołek, M. P. Radzikowska, A. J. M. S. M. I. M. J. o. E. Czajka-Jakubowska, and C. Research, "Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders: a meta-analysis," vol. 24: p. 812, 2018.

D. Manfredini, L. J. I. j. o. o. Guarda-Nardini, and m. surgery, "Ultrasonography of the temporomandibular joint: a literature review," vol. 38, no. 12: pp. 1229-1236, 2009.

K.-Y. Fu, Y.-W. Li, Z.-K. Zhang, X.-C. J. O. S. Ma, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology,, and Endodontology, "Osteonecrosis of the mandibular condyle as a precursor to osteoarthrosis: a case report," vol. 107, no. 1: pp. e34-e38, 2009.

M. Kalladka, S. Quek, G. Heir, E. Eliav, M. Mupparapu, and A. J. T. J. o. I. P. S. Viswanath, "Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis: diagnosis and long-term conservative management: a topic review," vol. 14: pp. 6-15, 2014.

M. Ahmad et al., "Research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (RDC/TMD): development of image analysis criteria and examiner reliability for image analysis," vol. 107, no. 6, pp. 844-860, 2009.

J. M. Petscavage-Thomas and E. A. J. A. J. o. R. Walker, "Unlocking the jaw: advanced imaging of the temporomandibular joint," vol. 203, no. 5: pp. 1047-1058, 2014.

A. Sodhi, S. Naik, A. Pai, and A. J. C. c. d. Anuradha, "Rheumatoid arthritis affecting temporomandibular joint," vol. 6, no. 1: p. 124, 2015.

P. B. Ruparelia, D. S. Shah, K. Ruparelia, S. P. Sutaria, and D. J. C. r. i. d. Pathak, "Bilateral TMJ involvement in rheumatoid arthritis," vol. 2014, 2014.

J. P. J. O. Okeson and m. s. c. o. N. America, "The classification of orofacial pains," vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 133-144, 2008.

K. Kretapirom et al., "MRI characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis in the temporomandibular joint," vol. 42, no. 4: p. 31627230, 2013.

M. M. Youssef Mohamed, M. M. Dahaba, M. M. Farid, and A. M. J. D. R. Ali Elsayed, "Radiographic changes in TMJ in relation to serology and disease activity in RA patients," vol. 49, no. 1: p. 20190186, 2020.

M. Ahmad and E. L. J. D. C. Schiffman, "Temporomandibular joint disorders and orofacial pain," vol. 60, no. 1: pp. 105-124, 2016.

E. Cannizzaro, S. Schroeder, L. M. Müller, C. J. Kellenberger, and R. K. J. T. J. o. r. Saurenmann, "Temporomandibular joint involvement in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis," vol. 38, no. 3: pp. 510-515, 2011.

Y. N. Vaid et al., "Imaging of the temporomandibular joint in juvenile idiopathic arthritis," vol. 66, no. 1: pp. 47-54, 2014.

E. A. Gayle, S. M. Young, S. J. McKenna, and C. D. J. T. J. o. e. m. McNaughton, "Septic arthritis of the temporomandibular joint: case reports and review of the literature," vol. 45, no. 5: pp. 674-678, 2013.

S. R. Nagarakanti, E. Bishburg, S. J. E. Grinberg, Nose, and T. Journal, "Mastoiditis, Osteomyelitis, and Septic Arthritis of Temporomandibular Joint," vol. 101, no. 2: pp. 81-82, 2022.

J. L. Rosales-Alexander, J. Balsalobre Aznar, C. J. O. a. r. r. Magro-Checa, and reviews, "Calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease: diagnosis and treatment," pp. 39-47: 2014.

M. Garip et al., "Periarticular chondrocalcinosis of the left temporomandibular joint: A case report," vol. 6, no. 2: p. 100145, 2020.

M. Terauchi et al., "Chemical diagnosis of calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease of the temporomandibular joint: a case report," vol. 12, no. 3: p. 651, 2022.

N. Fuentes-Martinez, E. Tani, E. Darai-Ramqvist, and L. J. D. C. Skoog, "Case report: calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition of the temporomandibular joint diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration cytology," vol. 46, no. 7: pp. 610-612, 2018.

J. L. Reynolds, I. R. Matthew, and A. J. T. J. o. R. Chalmers, "Tophaceous calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease of the temporomandibular joint," vol. 35, no. 4: pp. 717-721, 2008.

A. N. D. Dwivedi, R. Tripathi, P. K. Gupta, S. Tripathi, S. J. J. o. o. Garg, and m. surgery, "Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of temporomandibular joint and associated soft tissue changes following acute condylar injury," vol. 70, no. 12: pp. 2829-2834, 2012.

D. Dreizin et al., "Multidetector CT of mandibular fractures, reductions, and complications: a clinically relevant primer for the radiologist," vol. 36, no. 5: pp. 1539-1564, 2016.

J. Durham et al., "Self-management programmes in temporomandibular disorders: results from an international D elphi process," vol. 43, no. 12: pp. 929-936, 2016.

T. List and S. J. J. o. o. r. Axelsson, "Management of TMD: evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses," vol. 37, no. 6: pp. 430-451, 2010.

R. Wassell, L. Verhees, K. Lawrence, S. Davies, and F. J. B. d. j. Lobbezoo, "Over-the-counter (OTC) bruxism splints available on the Internet," vol. 216, no. 11: pp. E24-E24, 2014.

H. R. Mujakperuo, M. Watson, R. Morrison, and T. V. J. C. D. o. S. R. Macfarlane, "Pharmacological interventions for pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders," no. 10, 2010.

Y. Haviv, A. Rettman, D. Aframian, Y. Sharav, and R. J. J. O. F. P. H. Benoliel, "Myofascial pain: an open study on the pharmacotherapeutic response to stepped treatment with tricyclic antidepressants and gabapentin," vol. 29, no. 2: pp. 144-151, 2015.

B. J. J. o. o. r. Cairns, "Pathophysiology of TMD pain-basic mechanisms and their implications for pharmacotherapy," vol. 37, no. 6: pp. 391-410, 2010.

G. J. A. d. j. Dimitroulis, "Management of temporomandibular joint disorders: A surgeon's perspective," vol. 63: pp. S79-S90, 2018.

R. González-García, F. Rodríguez-Campo, F. Monje, J. Sastre-Pérez, J. G.-D. J. I. j. o. o. Usandizaga, and m. surgery, "Operative versus simple arthroscopic surgery for chronic closed lock of the temporomandibular joint: a clinical study of 344 arthroscopic procedures," vol. 37, no. 9: pp. 790-796, 2008.

F. Al-Belasy, M. J. I. j. o. o. Dolwick, and m. surgery, "Arthrocentesis for the treatment of temporomandibular joint closed lock: a review article," vol. 36, no. 9: pp. 773-782, 2007.

D. W. Nitzan, M. F. Dolwick, G. A. J. J. o. O. Martinez, and M. Surgery, "Temporomandibular joint arthrocentesis: a simplified treatment for severe, limited mouth opening," vol. 49, no. 11: pp. 1163-1167, 1991.

V. Kuruvilla, K. J. J. o. m. Prasad, and o. surgery, "Arthrocentesis in TMJ internal derangement: a prospective study," vol. 11: pp. 53-56, 2012.

M. F. J. J. o. o. Dolwick and m. surgery, "Disc preservation surgery for the treatment of internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint," vol. 59, no. 9: pp. 1047-1050, 2001.

G. J. I. j. o. o. Dimitroulis and m. surgery, "Comparison of the outcomes of three surgical treatments for end-stage temporomandibular joint disease," vol. 43, no. 8: pp. 980-989, 2014.

G. J. I. j. o. o. Dimitroulis and m. surgery, "The role of surgery in the management of disorders of the temporomandibular joint: a critical review of the literature: Part 2," vol. 34, no. 3: pp. 231-237, 2005.

S. Armijo-Olivo, L. Pitance, V. Singh, F. Neto, N. Thie, and A. J. P. t. Michelotti, "Effectiveness of manual therapy and therapeutic exercise for temporomandibular disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis," vol. 96, no. 1: pp. 9-25, 2016.

M. S. Nguyen et al., "Association of temporomandibular joint osseous changes with anxiety, depression, and limitation of mandibular function in elderly Vietnamese," (in English), East Asian Archives of Psychiatry, Journal Article vol. 29, no. 1: pp. 20-25, 2019.

S. S. Atsü, S. Güner, N. Palulu, A. C. Bulut, and I. J. A. h. s. Kürkçüoğlu, "Oral parafunctions, personality traits, anxiety and their association with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in the adolescents," vol. 19, no. 1: pp. 1801-1810, 2019.

A. U. Yap, X. H. Zhang, Y. Cao, and K. Y. J. J. o. O. R. Fu, "Functional, physical and psychosocial impact of degenerative temporomandibular joint disease," vol. 49, no. 3: pp. 301-308, 2022.

U. Yadav, J. Ahmed, R. Ongole, N. Shenoy, N. Sujir, and S. J. T. P. J. Natarajan, "Influence of psychosocial factors and parafunctional habits in temporomandibular disorders: a cross-sectional study," vol. 24, 2020.

U. Kotiranta, T. Suvinen, H. J. J. o. O. Forssell, F. Pain, and Headache, "Tailored treatments in temporomandibular disorders: where are we now? A systematic qualitative literature review," vol. 28, no. 1, 2014.

R. B. Fillingim et al., "Long-term changes in biopsychosocial characteristics related to temporomandibular disorder: findings from the OPPERA study," vol. 159, no. 11: p. 2403, 2018.

A. Andre, J. Kang, H. J. O. Dym, and M. S. Clinics, "Pharmacologic treatment for temporomandibular and temporomandibular joint disorders," vol. 34, no. 1: pp. 49-59, 2022.

R. De Freitas, M. Ferreira, G. Barbosa, and P. J. J. o. o. r. Calderon, "Counselling and self-management therapies for temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review," vol. 40, no. 11: pp. 864-874, 2013.

F. Ismail et al., "Identification of psychological comorbidity in TMD-patients," vol. 34, no. 3: pp. 182-187, 2016.

S. B. Smith et al., "Genome-wide association reveals contribution of MRAS to painful temporomandibular disorder in males," vol. 160, no. 3: p. 579, 2019.

E. Bair et al., "Multivariable modeling of phenotypic risk factors for first-onset TMD: the OPPERA prospective cohort study," vol. 14, no. 12: pp. T102-T115, 2013.

C. Figueiredo, A. Afonso, F. Caramelo, A. J. J. o. F. Corte-Real, and L. Medicine, "Temporomandibular joint trauma and disability assessment-A longitudinal exploratory study," vol. 82: p. 102230, 2021.

K. P. Jordan, E. Thomas, G. Peat, R. Wilkie, and P. J. P. Croft, "Social risks for disabling pain in older people: a prospective study of individual and area characteristics," vol. 137, no. 3: pp. 652-661, 2008.

B. M. Santiago, A. M. G. Valença, and M. V. J. B. O. H. Vettore, "Social capital and dental pain in Brazilian northeast: a multilevel cross-sectional study," vol. 13: pp. 1-9, 2013.

H. Cohen-Cline et al., "Associations between social capital and depression: A study of adult twins," vol. 50: pp. 162-167, 2018.

T. J. C. Orofacial, "International classification of orofacial pain, (ICOP)," vol. 40, no. 2: pp. 129-221, 2020.

D. Vardeh, R. J. Mannion, and C. J. J. T. J. o. P. Woolf, "Toward a mechanism-based approach to pain diagnosis," vol. 17, no. 9: pp. T50-T69, 2016.

J. D. Greenspan et al., "Experimental pain sensitivity in subjects with temporomandibular disorders and multiple other chronic pain conditions: the OPPERA prospective cohort study," vol. 34, no. Supp l: p. s43, 2020.

Comments

Copyright (c) 2024 CC-BY-NC-SA 4.0

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.